| 1. |
- Rooth, Dan-Olof, et al.
(author)
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Education–occupation mismatch : Is there an income penalty?
- 2010
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In: Economics of Education Review. - : Elsevier. - 0272-7757 .- 1873-7382. ; 29:6, s. 1047-1059
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper adds to the sparse literature on the consequences of education–occupation mismatches. It examines the income penalty for field of education–occupation mismatches for men and women with higher education degrees in Sweden and reveals that the penalty for such mismatches is large for both men and women. For mismatched men the income penalty is about twice as large as that found for US men, whereas for women the penalty is of about the same size as for US women. Controlling for cognitive ability further establishes that the income penalty is not caused by a sorting by ability, at least for Swedish men. The income penalty for men decreases with work experience, which is an indication that education-specific skills and work experience are substitutes to some extent.
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| 2. |
- Nylinder, Pia, 1973-
(author)
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Perception of budgetary control : a study of differences across managers in Swedish public primary healthcare related to professional background and sex
- 2011
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In: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 19:5, s. 664-672
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background The composition of managers in Swedish public primary care centres has changed since the mid-1990s, favouring nurses and female managers. In parallel, health-care professionals have become more involved in the management structure and many have experienced an increased demand for cost containment. There is limited empirical evidence about how managers with different professional backgrounds perceive tight budgetary control.Aim To examine whether perceptions of tight budgetary control across managers in Swedish public primary care are related to personal characteristics such as professional background and sex.Method A questionnaire measuring perception of tight budgetary control was administered to all (636) identified managers in Swedish public primary care centres (response rate was 59%). Differences between groups were analysed through logistic regression and factor analysis.Results Nurses and other non-physicians perceived the budgetary control to be tighter than did physicians and female physicians perceived the budgetary control to be tighter than did male physicians.Conclusions and implications for nursing management Results suggest that nurses were more committed to the budgetary control system and county council objectives than physicians. The impact of these differences are uncertain, however, nurses’ capacity to influence primary care services may be more limited compared with physicians because of their lower professional status.
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| 3. |
- Berling, Peter, 1973-, et al.
(author)
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Optimal Inventory Policies when Purchase Price and Demand are Stochastic
- 2011
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In: Operations Research. - : Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). - 0030-364X .- 1526-5463. ; 59:1, s. 109-124
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we consider the problem of a firm that faces a stochastic (Poisson) demand and must replenishfrom a market in which prices fluctuate, such as a commodity market. We describe the price evolution as acontinuous stochastic process and we focus on commonly used processes suggested by the financial literature,such as the geometric Brownian motion and the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. It is well-known that under variablepurchase price, a price-dependent base-stock policy is optimal. Using the single-unit decomposition approach, weexplicitly characterize the optimal base-stock level using a series of threshold prices. We show that the base-stocklevel is first increasing and then decreasing in the current purchase price. We provide a procedure for calculatingthe thresholds, which yields closed-form solutions when price follows a geometric Brownian motion and implicitsolutions under the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck price model. In addition, our numerical study shows that the optimalpolicy performs much better than inventory policies that ignore future price evolution, because it tends to placelarger orders when prices are expected to increase.
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| 4. |
- Grundström, Christina, 1965-, et al.
(author)
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View and management of innovativeness upon succession in family-owned SMEs
- 2011
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In: International Journal of Innovation Management. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier. - 1363-9196 .- 1757-5877. ; 15:3, s. 617-640
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into how the successors of family-owned manufacturing SMEs view and manage innovativeness. Research into company takeovers mainly focuses on large companies and little is known about innovativeness in research on family-owned businesses, often SMEs. This paper presents findings from ten company successions, five of which describe family successions and five external ones. The paper points to that there is little difference in how various types of successor view and manage innovativeness. A successor is chosen with care and this also influences the view and management of innovativeness; other criteria seem to apply in the succession and radical changes can only be introduced if a number of contextual factors are managed properly. The paper also indicates that while financial constraints may limit innovations, a strong financial situation is not an antecedent for innovativeness.
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| 5. |
- Jonnergård, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Performance evaluations as gender barriers in professional organizations : A study of auditing firms
- 2010
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In: Gender, Work and Organization. - : Wiley. - 0968-6673 .- 1468-0432. ; 17:6, s. 721-749
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Gendering processes often take the form of organizational subtexts, that is, seemingly gender-neutral practices that have gender implications. The purpose of this article is to study performance evaluations, which, based on management by objectives systems, may appear neutral, but tend to be based on male norms of what is regarded as good performance. We analysed the careers and performance evaluations of 391 newly licenced Swedish auditors, using an open-ended question survey. In this industry 50 per cent of new employees and 92 per cent of partners are men. Even in the early stages of their careers, there are notable differences between women and men. The women achieved less and show lower career ambitions and expectations as well as greater intentions to leave the auditing industry. Performance evaluations are also perceived differently, men focusing on what is evaluated (reflecting the perceptions of those at higher hierarchical levels) and women focusing on who does the evaluating and how.
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| 6. |
- Öberg, Christina, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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Acquisitions and network identity change
- 2011
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In: European Journal of Marketing. - Yorkshire, United Kingdom : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0309-0566 .- 1758-7123. ; 45:9/10, s. 1470-1500
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to discuss whether or not an acquisition changes the network identity of an acquired firm and, if so, how. This study aims to bring new insights to the corporate marketing field, as it examines corporate identity in the context of how a company is perceived because of its relationships with other firms. The focus of this research is acquired innovative firms.Design/methodology/approach: This paper adopts a multiple case study approach. Data on four acquisitions of innovative firms were collected using 41 interviews, which were supplemented with secondary data.Findings: Based on the case studies, it can be concluded that the network identity of the acquired firms does change following an acquisition. The acquired firms inherited the acquirers' identity, regardless of whether or not the companies were integrated. Previous, present and potential business partners regarded the innovative firms as being more solvent, but distanced themselves. In addition, some of them regarded the innovative firms as competitors.Practical implications: Changes in the way a firm is perceived by its business partners, following an acquisition, will influence the future business operations of the firm. Expected changes to business relationships should ideally be considered part of due diligence. Acquirers need to consider how they can minimise the risks associated with business partners' changed perceptions of acquired firms.Originality/value: This paper contributes to the research on identity, through discussion of the consequences of an acquisition for the identity and relationships of a firm. It also contributes to the existing corporate marketing literature, through consideration of perceptions at a network level. Furthermore, this paper contributes to merger and acquisition literature, by highlighting the influence of ownership on relationships with external parties.
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| 7. |
- Öberg, Christina, 1970-
(author)
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The core-customer concept
- 2011
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In: Service Industries Journal. - : Routledge. - 0264-2069 .- 1743-9507. ; 31:16, s. 2677-2692
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to define and discuss the core-customer concept. This concept examines how a company develops its operations around a single or only a few customers. The customer steers what products and services the supplier develops, which means that it is the customer that dictates the supplier's operations. The core-customer concept may be one method for designing a company's operations, but the paper also aims to challenge companies to consider how they think about customers. The paper contributes to research on customer value and extended service offerings by indicating a business-development strategy based on the customer rather than the supplier's operations. Building a company around a single customer, requires flexibility and competences in finding collaboration partners or in adjusting the organisation to new requirements. The paper refers to these as secondary/supporting competences, while the core competence upon which the company builds its operation is the customer.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Rooth, Dan-Olof
(author)
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Work out or out of work - The labor market return to physical fitness and leisure sports activities
- 2011
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In: Labour Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-5371 .- 1879-1034. ; 18:3, s. 399-409
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study is the first to present evidence of the return to leisure sports in the job hiring process by sending fictitious applications to real job openings in the Swedish labor market. In the field experiment job applicants were randomly given different information about their type and level of leisure sports. Applicants who signaled sports skills had a significantly higher callback rate of about 2 percentage points, and this effect was about twice as large for physically demanding occupations. Additional evidence of a sports premium in the regular labor market is arrived at when analyzing the long-run impact of physical fitness on later labor market outcomes. The analysis uses register data on adult earnings and physical fitness when enlisting at age 18. The fitness premium, net of unobservable family variables, is in the order of 4-5%, but diminishes to 2% when controlling for non-cognitive skills. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Dubois, Ghislain, et al.
(author)
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The future tourism mobility of the world population: Emission growth versus climate policy.
- 2011
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In: Transportation Research Part A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0965-8564 .- 1879-2375. ; 45:10, s. 1031-1042
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Much of global passenger transport is linked to tourism. The sector is therefore of interest in studying global mobility trends and transport-related emissions. In 2005, tourism was responsible for around 5% of all CO2 emissions, of which 75% were caused by passenger transport. Given the rapid growth in tourism, with 1.6 billion international tourist arrivals predicted by 2020 (up from 903 million in 2007), it is clear that the sector will contribute to rapidly growing emission levels, and increasingly interfere with global climate policy. This is especially true under climate stabilisation and “avoiding dangerous climate change” objectives, implying global emission reductions in the order of −50% to −80% by 2050, compared to 2000. Based on three backcasting scenarios, and using techniques integrating quantitative and qualitative elements, this paper discusses the options for emission reductions in the tourism sector and the consequences of mitigation for global tourism-related mobility by 2050. It ends with a discussion of the policy implications of the results.
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