| 1. |
- Lundälv, Jörgen, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Blåljus kräver god körvana
- 2006
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Ingår i: Debattartikel i GT/Expressen den 29 december 2006.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Wannheden, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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How People with Parkinson's Disease and Health Care Professionals Wish to Partner in Care Using eHealth : Co-Design Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC. - 1438-8871. ; 22:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Worldwide, the number of people with Parkinson's disease (PD) is predicted to double between the years 2005 and 2030. Chronic care management requires active collaboration and knowledge exchange between patients and health care professionals (HCPs) for best possible health outcomes, which we describe as co-care. eHealth services have the potential to support the realization of co-care between people with PD (PwP) and HCPs. Objective: This study aimed to explore how co-care could be operationalized in PD care, supported by eHealth. More specifically, this study explores PwP's and HCPs' expectations and desired eHealth functionalities to achieve co-care. Methods: Principles of participatory design were used to enable the identification of co-care needs and design ideas, in a series of 4 half-day co-design workshops. The sample included 7 (4 women) PwP and 9 (4 women) HCPs, including 4 neurologists, 3 nurses, and 2 physiotherapists. The co-design process resulted in a functional prototype that was evaluated by the co-design participants in the last workshop. Data were collected through note cards produced by the participants during the first 3 workshops and focus group discussions during the 3rd and 4th workshops. The data were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis. After the workshop series, the prototype was demonstrated at a Mini Fair for ongoing PD research and evaluated using a self-developed questionnaire with 37 respondents: 31 PwP (14 women) and 6 informal caregivers (3 women). Descriptive statistics are reported. Results: The qualitative analysis of data resulted in 2 main themes. The first theme, core eHealth functionalities and their expected values, describes 6 desired eHealth functionalities for supporting PD co-care between PwP and HCPs: (1) self-tracking, (2) previsit forms, (3) graphical visualization, (4) clinical decision support, (5) self-care recommendations, and (6) asynchronous communication. The second theme, individual and organizational constraints, describes constraints that need to be addressed to succeed with an eHealth service for co-care. Individual constraints include eHealth literacy and acceptance; organizational constraints include teamwork and administrative workload. The majority of the questionnaire respondents (31/37, 84%) perceived that they would benefit from an eHealth service similar to the demonstrated prototype. All prototype functionalities were rated as very important or important by the majority of respondents (ranging from 86% to 97% per functionality). Conclusions: This study adds to our knowledge on how PD co-care could be operationalized Co-care implies a shift from episodic routine-driven care to more flexible care management that is driven by the mutual needs of patients and HCPs and supported by active information exchange between them, as well as automated information processing to generate patient-specific advice. More research is needed to further explore the concept of co-care in chronic care management and what it means for self-care and health care.
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| 3. |
- Wang, Zhihong, et al.
(författare)
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Reputation compensation for incentive alignment in a supply chain with trade credit under information asymmetry
- 2023
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Ingår i: Annals of Operations Research. - 0254-5330 .- 1572-9338. ; 331, s. 581-604
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines a two-period dynamic contracting in a supply chain under information asymmetry, where a supplier sells a product to a retailer via a trade credit contract. It is found that the retailer always prefers to conceal her actual cost information thus signal as a higher-cost type in the first period to pursue a higher information rent, which would decrease the supplier’s profit and thereby the overall profit of the supply chain. To mitigate this ratchet effect, we introduce a reputation compensation mechanism in the two-period trade credit setting. This mechanism could alleviate the information asymmetry to a certain extent as there exists a threshold that incentivizes the retailer to share her true cost information in the earlier period. Moreover, the retailer might claim as a lower-cost type when the supplier offers a relatively higher reputation compensation to take full advantage of her information. Therefore, the supplier should provide trade credit with a reasonable reputation compensation in a two-period setting to enhance his expected profit.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Carrizo, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Pan-Arctic River Fluxes of Polychlorinated Biphenyls
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 45:19, s. 8377-8384
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Observations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) concentrations in fluvial surface sediments near the mouths of the six Great Arctic Rivers (GARs; Ob, Yenisey, Lena, Indigirka, Kolyma, and Mackenzie) were combined with annual dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) loadings and hydraulic discharge to estimate the pan-Arctic river flux of PCBs. The highest total-phase fluxes of Sigma(13)PCB were found for the Ob River, with 184 kg/yr and the smallest for the Indigirka River with 3.9 kg/yr. Consistent with a continent-scale trend among the Eurasian GARs of increasing POC concentrations eastward, which is extending to the North American Mackenzie River, a general shift in the estimated PCB partitioning from dissolved to particle-associated flux was found toward the east. Pentachlorinated and hexachlorinated PCBs constituted the majority (>70%) of the total PCB fluxes in the Eurasian Rivers. In contrast, trichlorinated and tetrachlorinated congeners were the most abundant in the Mackenzie (approximate to 75%). The total Sigma(13)PCB fluxes from the pan-Arctic rivers are here estimated to be similar to 0.4 tonne/yr. This is geochemically consistent with the inventory of total PCBs in the Polar Mixed Layer of the entire Arctic Ocean (0.39 tonne) and about a factor 2 less than two new estimates of the PCB settling export to Arctic subsurface waters. Hence, the yearly Great Arctic River PCB fluxes only represent 0.001% of the historical PCB emission into the global environment. To our knowledge, this is the first estimate of circum-Arctic river flux of any organic pollutant based on a comprehensive investigation of the pollutants in several rivers and it contributes toward a more complete understanding of large-scale contaminant cycling in the Arctic.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Isomaa, B, et al.
(författare)
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The metabolic syndrome influences the risk of chronic complications in patients with type II diabetes
- 2001
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0428 .- 0012-186X. ; 44:9, s. 1148-1154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We examined features of the metabolic syndrome to see if they modified the risk of chronic diabetic complications in patients with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A total of 85 randomly selected patients with the metabolic syndrome (WHO definition) were compared with 85 Type II diabetic patients matched for age, sex, duration of diabetes, glycaemic control and without the syndrome to assess the microvascular and macrovascular complications. RESULTS: The patients with the metabolic syndrome had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (52 vs 21%, p < 0.001), microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria (23 vs 7%, p = 0.003) and distal neuropathy (16 vs 6%, p = 0.048) than patients without the syndrome. The patients with the metabolic syndrome had smaller LDL particle size (25.4+/-1.4 vs 26.4+/-1.1 nm; p < 0.001), which correlated with the ratio of serum triglycerides to HDL cholesterol (r = -0.64, p < 0.001). In a multiple logistic regression analysis the metabolic syndrome was associated with coronary heart disease (RR 3.84, p < 0.001) and microalbuminuria (RR 3.99, p = 0.01). Small LDL particle size was independently associated with neuropathy (RR 0.58; p = 0.04), whereas a high HbA1c was related to neuropathy (RR 1.69, p = 0.04), retinopathy (RR 1.53, p = 0.002) and microalbuminuria (RR 1.54, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: Although chronic hyperglycaemia is the main predictor of microvascular complications in patients with Type II diabetes, this risk is modified by some of the components of the metabolic syndrome.
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| 9. |
- Larsson Berglund, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Differential effects of soluble and aggregating polyQ proteins on cytotoxicity and type-1 myosin-dependent endocytosis in yeast
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Huntington's disease develops when the polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat in the Huntingtin (Htt) protein is expanded to over 35 glutamines rendering it aggregation-prone. Here, using Htt exon-1 as a polyQ model protein in a genome-wide screen in yeast, we show that the normal and soluble Htt exon-1 is toxic in cells with defects in type-1 myosin-dependent endocytosis. The toxicity of Htt is linked to physical interactions with type-1 myosins, which occur via the Htt proline-rich region, leading to a reduction in actin patch polarization and clathrin-dependent endocytosis. An expansion of the polyQ stretch from 25 to 103 glutamines, which causes Htt aggregation, alleviated Htt toxicity in cells lacking Myo5 or other components involved in early endocytosis. The data suggest that the proline-rich stretch of Htt interacts with type-1 myosin/clathrin-dependent processes and demonstrate that a reduction in the activity of such processes may result in a positive selection for polyQ expansions.
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| 10. |
- Larsson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Ecology, evolution, and management strategies of northern pike populations in the Baltic Sea
- 2015
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 44:Supplement 3, s. S451-S461
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Baltic Sea populations of the northern pike (Esox lucius) have declined since the 1990s, and they face additional challenges due to ongoing climate change. Pike in the Baltic Sea spawn either in coastal bays or in freshwater streams and wetlands. Pike recruited in freshwater have been found to make up about 50 % of coastal pike stocks and to show natal homing, thus limiting gene flow among closely located spawning sites. Due to natal homing, sub-populations appear to be locally adapted to their freshwater recruitment environments. Management actions should therefore not involve mixing of individuals originating from different sub-populations. We offer two suggestions complying with this advice: (i) productivity of extant freshwater spawning populations can be boosted by modifying wetlands such that they promote spawning and recruitment; and (ii) new sub-populations that spawn in brackish water can potentially be created by transferring fry and imprinting them on seemingly suitable spawning environments.
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