| 1. |
- Gawronska, Barbara, et al.
(författare)
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A corpus based analysis of English, Swedish, Polish, and Russian prepositions
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of ISCA Tutorial and Research Workshop on Experimental Linguistics, 28-30 August 2006, Athens, Greece. - : The International Speech Communication Association (ISCA). - 9606608573 ; , s. 137-140
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this study, the use of most frequent spatial prepositions in English, Polish, Swedish, and Russian is analyzed. The prepositions and their contexts are extracted from corpora by means of concordance tools. The collostructional strength between the prepositions and the most frequent nouns in the PPs (Gries et al. 2005) is then computed in order to get a more detailed picture of the contexts in which a given preposition is most likely to appear. The results of the investigation are then analysed within the framework of cognitive semantics, especially Croft and Cruse's (2004) taxonomy of construal operations, and Talmy’s (2005) classification of spatial images
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| 2. |
- Werntoft, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Older people's views on how to finance increasing health-care costs
- 2006
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Ingår i: Ageing & Society. - 0144-686X. ; 26, s. 497-514
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this paper are to investigate both older people's views about ways In which to finance health-care costs and their willingness to pay for treatment themselves, along with variations in these views by age and gender. The data are from the Good Ageing in Sk (a) over circle ne (GAS) prospective longitudinal cohort study in Sweden, which involved medical examinations and a survey of living arrangements and socio-economic conditions. For the analysis reported in this Paper, 930 GAS respondents aged 60-93 years were invited to participate in an additional structured interview, and 902 (97%) accepted. The sample was divided into the 'young-old' (aged 60-72 years), 'old-old' (78-84 years) and 'oldest-old' (87-93 years). It was found that the participants recommended increasing health-care funding by higher taxes and that they were willing to pay themselves for specific treatments, e.g. cosmetic surgery and medication to combat impotence and obesity. Many were also willing to pay privately for cataract surgery, to shorten the wait, although the respondent's financial circumstances associated with this willingness. Significantly more men than women, and of the 'young-old' than of the other two age groups, would pay for cataract Surgery. The views of people aged 85 or more years differed from those of the young-old, e.g. significantly fewer believed that older people's health care received too little resource. Views about how to finance health care thus differed among the age groups and between men and women.
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| 3. |
- Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, et al.
(författare)
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Hess Opinions : An interdisciplinary research agenda to explore the unintended consequences of structural flood protection
- 2018
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Ingår i: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. - : COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH. - 1027-5606 .- 1607-7938. ; 22:11, s. 5629-5637
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One common approach to cope with floods is the implementation of structural flood protection measures, such as levees or flood-control reservoirs, which substantially reduce the probability of flooding at the time of implementation. Numerous scholars have problematized this approach. They have shown that increasing the levels of flood protection can attract more settlements and high-value assets in the areas protected by the new measures. Other studies have explored how structural measures can generate a sense of complacency, which can act to reduce preparedness. These paradoxical risk changes have been described as "levee effect", "safe development paradox" or "safety dilemma". In this commentary, we briefly review this phenomenon by critically analysing the intended benefits and unintended effects of structural flood protection, and then we propose an interdisciplinary research agenda to uncover these paradoxical dynamics of risk.
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| 4. |
- Zamani, Mohammadreza, 1985-
(författare)
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Al-Si Cast Alloys - Microstructure and Mechanical Properties at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish industry is a global leader in development and manufacture of automotive and aviation components where the usage of aluminium products is remarkable. In addition to manufacturing aluminium components, casting enables low-cost and low-emission production of complex geometry components with a range of sizes. Aluminium with Si as the major alloying element forms a class of alloys representing the most significant fraction of all cast products, for a wide range of applications due to an excellent combination of castability and mechanical properties, as well as good corrosion resistance, wear resistance and recyclability. The microstructure in Al-Si alloys strongly governs their mechanical properties. Several industrial practices such as eutectic modification and alloying are well-known to improve mechanical properties. Al-Si cast alloys generally suffer a lack of ductility and poor high temperature properties due to presence of either brittle or thermally unstable phases. The aim of this work is to study the explicit role of each microstructural constituent on the behaviour of Al-Si cast alloys at room and high temperatures. The results will accordingly highlight the potential for improvement in properties of such alloys.Casting defects have an immediate and negative effect on the properties of Al-Si alloys and reducing the overall level of defects substantially improves tensile properties. An increased cooling rate refines all microstructural features and reduces volumetric porosity which leads to substantial improvement in tensile properties (e.g. Rm and εF) at any test temperature. Modification of eutectic Si-particles (through Sr-addition) generally has a positive effect on alloy ductility. Depression in eutectic growth temperature as a result of eutectic modification was found to be strongly correlated to the level of modification irrespective of coarseness of the microstructure.Addition of transition metals (Ni-Ti-Zr-Cr-V) to Al-Si improves tensile strength, particularly at temperatures above 200 ºC caused by formation of thermally stable intermetallic compounds. Below 200 ºC however, a substantial potential for improvement through solute-reinforcement was obtained.A physically-based constitutive model with a wide validity range was successfully developed to describe the flow behaviour of Al-Si alloys at different temperatures, as a reliable input for finite element simulation.
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| 5. |
- Ananthakrishnan, Gopal, et al.
(författare)
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Using an Ensemble of Classifiers for Mispronunciation Feedback
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SLaTE. - Venice, Italy.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper proposes a paradigm where commonly made segmental pronunciation errors are modeled as pair-wise confusions between two or more phonemes in the language that is being learnt. The method uses an ensemble of support vector machine classifiers with time varying Mel frequency cepstral features to distinguish between several pairs of phonemes. These classifiers are then applied to classify the phonemes uttered by second language learners. Instead of providing feedback at every mispronounced phoneme, the method attempts toprovide feedback about typical mispronunciations by a certain student, over an entire session of several utterances. Two case studies that demonstrate how the paradigm is applied to provide suitable feedback to two students is also described in this pape
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| 6. |
- Kravvariti, Evrydiki, et al.
(författare)
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Meta-analysis of placebo-arm dropouts in osteoporosis randomized-controlled trials and implications for nocebo-associated discontinuation of anti-osteoporotic drugs in clinical practice
- 2023
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 34:3, s. 585-598
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Summary: Dropout from placebo arms in randomized-controlled trials is a surrogate for nocebo responses, resulting from patients' negative expectations to treatment. Among 16,460 placebo-treated patients in oral anti-osteoporotic drug trials, nocebo dropouts were 8% on average, being higher in older patients. This implies that nocebo may contribute to the osteoporosis treatment gap in clinical practice.Purpose: Osteoporosis is a common disease requiring long-term treatment. Despite the availability of effective anti-osteoporotic drugs, adherence to treatment is low. Nocebo, a behavior mostly related to the negative expectations to a certain treatment, decreases adherence and negatively affects treatment outcomes and health-related care costs in chronic diseases. Since in double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trials any unfavorable outcome leading to discontinuation in placebo arms is considered as nocebo, we aimed to investigate the size of nocebo response in patients participating in osteoporosis trials.Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases for dropouts due to reported adverse events in the placebo arms (nocebo dropouts) in all double-blind trials investigating anti-osteoporotic drugs published between January 1993 and March 2022. Only data on bisphosphonates and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) were analyzed (Prospero registration number CRD42020212843).Results: Data from 44 trials were extracted. In 16,460 placebo-treated patients, the pooled nocebo-dropout was 8% both for bisphosphonates (average: 0.08; range 0.01-0.27; 95%CI 0.06-0.10) and SERMs (average: 0.08; range 0.03-0.15; 95%CI 0.05-0.13). Nocebo-dropouts were higher in bisphosphonate trials enrolling individuals >= 65 years (11%) (n = 18) compared to trials enrolling younger individuals (6%) (n = 18) (average: 0.11; 95%CI 0.08-0.13 vs. average: 0.06; 95%CI 0.05-0.08, respectively, p = 0.001). Participants' sex, dosing-intervals, publication year, or severity of osteoporosis had no impact on the nocebo-dropouts.Conclusion: Almost 1 in 10 osteoporosis patients receiving placebo in trials of bisphosphonates and SERMs experiences AEs leading to dropout, implying that nocebo contributes to treatment-discontinuation in clinical practice. Efforts to identify and minimize nocebo, especially in older patients, are warranted.
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| 7. |
- Ribeck, Judy Carola, 1982
(författare)
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Naturvetenskapliga läroböcker ställer höga språkliga krav på eleverna
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ett år med NATDID - Tillbakablickar och framtidsutsikter. Linköpings universitet, 20 oktober 2015..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Presentation på Nationellt centrum för naturvetenskapernas och teknikens didaktik (NATDID) i samband med "Ett år med NATDID - Tillbakablickar och framtidsutsikter". Linköping 20 oktober 2015.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Aleksandrov, Evgenii, et al.
(författare)
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Participatory budgeting as a form of dialogic accounting in Russia : actors' institutional work and reflexivity trap
- 2018
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Ingår i: Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal. - : Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.. - 0951-3574. ; 31:4, s. 1098-1123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how participatory budgeting (PB), as a form of dialogic accounting, is produced in practice. Design/methodology/approach This is a qualitative case study of PB development for the period 2013-2016 in one Russian municipality. Based on triangulation of in-depth semi-structured interviews, documentary analysis, videotape data and netnographic observation, the authors employ ideas of dialogic accounting and institutional work. Findings The study shows that the PB experiment, which began with dialogic rhetoric, in reality, had very limited dialogic effects. However, the authors also observed that the PB dynamics over time made the practice neither inherently monologic nor dialogic. The authors explained such transformations by the way in which the individual reflexivity of actors altered when carrying out institutional work. Curiosity reflexivity was the most essential, triggering different patterns of institutional work to set up the PB experiment. However, further, the authors demonstrated that, over the course of the experiment's development, the institutional work was trapped by various actors' individual reflexivity forms and in this way limited PB's dialogic potential. Originality/value The study shows the importance of understanding and managing individuals' reflexivity, as it shapes the institutional work performed by different actors and, therefore, influences the direction of both the design and materialization of dialogic accounting experiments such as PB. In a broader sense, this also influences the way in which democratic governance is developed, losing democratization potential.
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| 10. |
- Bhikkaji, B, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced order models for diffusion systems
- 2001
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL. - 0020-7179. ; 74:15, s. 1543-1557
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mathematical models for diffusion processes like heat propagation, dispersion of pollutants, etc. are normally partial differential equations which involve certain unknown parameters. To use these mathematical models as substitutes of the true system, one
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