| 171. |
- Hammer, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
-
Description and comparison of postoperative functioning of patients with hip fracture 2018 and 2008 at the Örebro University Hospital : a comparative cross-sectional study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2318. ; 22:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Hip fractures are a global problem, and it will probably increase. Hip fractures impair health aspects which creates demands on postoperative care. This study describes and compares patients with hip fracture in 2008 and in 2018. An increased knowledge of this group could be a basis how to optimize aftercare and dimension rehabilitation.METHODS: Using a comparative cross-sectional study to describe and compare patients with hip fracture from 2018 and 2008 at Örebro University Hospital regarding age, sex, multimorbidity, fracture type, surgical materials, surgery within 24 hours, length of stay, postoperative walking ability, physical activity level and hand grip strength. Data was collected from 76 patients with hip fracture from 2018 and 78 patients from 2008. Outcome measures considering functioning were walking ability (Functional Ambulation Categories), physical activity level (Classification system of physical activity) and hand grip strength (Jamar hand dynamometer). Statistical analyses used were hypothesis tests and regressions analysis.RESULTS: No differences in age, sex, fracture type, proportion of surgery within 24 hours or length of stay between the cohorts. The cohort 2018 had more multimorbidity in number of diagnoses and ASA-classification preoperatively. In 2018 70% of the participants were dependent in walking ability (physical human support) compared to 43% 2008 (p = 0.007). Proportion of physically inactive was 9% in 2018 compared to 21% 2008 (p = 0.047). Hand grip strength was 5.1 kg better in 2018 (p = 0.011). Adjusted for age, sex, ASA-classification (American Society of Anaesthesiologists Classification System), surgical materials and number of days between surgery and testing the cohort of 2018 had a lower odds to have independent walking ability and higher odds to be physical active. Differences in hand grip strength decreased to 4.7 kg. Participants in 2018 suffered significantly more multimorbidity.CONCLUSIONS: Study indicated differences in patients' postoperative functioning between 2018 and 2008 with more impaired walking ability, more multimorbidity, higher proportion of physically active and better hand grip strength 2018. The results are important for future reasoning regarding care needs of patients with hip fracture.
|
|
| 172. |
- Kaboru, Berthollet Bwira, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
-
Quality of STIs and HIV/AIDS care as perceived by biomedical and traditional health care providers in Zambia : are there common grounds for collaboration?
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Complementary Therapies in Medicine. - London, United Kingdom : Churchill Livingstone. - 0965-2299 .- 1873-6963. ; 16:3, s. 155-62
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To explore biomedical and traditional health care providers' (BHPs and THPs, respectively) perceptions of good quality of care and opinions on weaknesses in the services they provide to patients with STIs and HIV/AIDS.Methods: Using data from a cross-sectional survey, we post-coded two open-ended questions related to THPs' and BHPs' perceptions on good quality of care and on provided care. The post-coding was done following Donabedian's framework of assessment of quality of care, and allowed transformation of qualitative data into quantitative. The analysis is based on comparison of frequencies, proportions and subsequent chi-square tests and odds ratios.Setting: Ndola and Kabwe, Zambia Main measures: Proportions of responses from 152 BHPs and 144 THPs.Results: Substantial proportions of providers from both sectors perceived drugs availability (63% of BHPs and 70% of THPs) and welcoming attitude (73% of BHPs and 64% of THPs) as important components of good quality care. BHPs were more likely than THPs to mention proper examination, medical management (provider's technical ability) and explanation of causes and prognosis of the disease as important. More THPs than BHPs cited short waiting time and cost of care. A majority of BHPs (87%) and of THPs (80%) reported deficiencies in their STIs and HIV/AIDS-related services. Both groups regarded training of providers and nutritional support and health education to patients as lacking. None of the THPs alluded to voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) or supportive/home-based care as aspects needing improvement.Conclusion: Drugs availability and welcoming attitude were two aspects of quality highly valued by THPs and BHPs. Future collaborative interventions need to respond to aspects of joint concern including training of providers, nutritional support and health education to patients. Further, there is an imperative of expanding and adapting VCT, home-based care and palliative care to THPs for better care of STIs and HIV/AIDS.
|
|
| 173. |
- Klingberg-Allvin, Marie, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
"Change-makers in midwifery care": Exploring the differences between expectations and outcomes - a qualitative study of a midwifery net-based education programme in the Somali region
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Midwifery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 69, s. 135-142
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to explore midwifery educators’ expected outcomes in the net-based master's programme, the programmes’ realised outcomes and the reported difference regarding the increased choices for the graduates and the effect on their agency.DesignIn this case study, we focused on a net-based master's programme in sexual and reproductive health in Somalia. Somalia suffers from a shortage of skilled birth attendants and there is a need for building up the capacity of midwifery educators.Setting and participantsData was collected in focus group discussions at the start of the programme and eight months after the students graduated. The data were analysed through the lens of the choice framework, which is based on the capability approach.FindingsFindings show that many of the graduates’ expectations were met, while some were more difficult to fulfil. While the midwives’ choices and resource portfolios had improved because of their role as educators, the social structure prevented them from acting on their agency, specifically in regards to making changes at the social level. Several of the positive developments can be attributed to the pedagogy and structure of the programme.ConclusionThe flexibility of net-based education gave the midwifery educators a new educational opportunity that they previously did not have. Students gained increased power and influence on some levels. However, they still lack power in government organisations where, in addition to their role as educators, they could use their skills and knowledge to change policies at the social level.
|
|
| 174. |
- Källberg, Ann-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
-
Physicians' and nurses' perceptions of patient safety risks in the emergency department
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Emergency Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1755-599X .- 1878-013X. ; 33, s. 14-19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergency department has been described as a high-risk area for errors. It is also known that working conditions such as a high workload and shortage off staff in the healthcare field are common factors that negatively affect patient safety. A limited amount of research has been conducted with regard to patient safety in Swedish emergency departments. Additionally, there is a lack of knowledge about clinicians' perceptions of patient safety risks. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe emergency department clinicians' experiences with regard to patient safety risks.METHOD: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 physicians and 10 registered nurses from two emergency departments. Interviews were analysed by inductive content analysis.RESULTS: The experiences reflect the complexities involved in the daily operation of a professional practice, and the perception of risks due to a high workload, lack of control, communication and organizational failures.CONCLUSION: The results reflect a complex system in which high workload was perceived as a risk for patient safety and that, in a combination with other risks, was thought to further jeopardize patient safety. Emergency department staff should be involved in the development of patient safety procedures in order to increase knowledge regarding risk factors as well as identify strategies which can facilitate the maintenance of patient safety during periods in which the workload is high.
|
|
| 175. |
- Ueda, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Alcohol related disorders among elite male football players in Sweden : nationwide cohort study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: BMJ. British Medical Journal. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0959-8146 .- 0959-535X. ; 379
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To assess whether male elite football players are at increased risk of alcohol related disorders compared with men from the general population, and whether such an increased risk would vary on the basis of calendar year of the first playing season in the top tier of competition, age, career length, and goal scoring abilities.DESIGN: Nationwide cohort study.SETTING: Sweden, 1924-2020.PARTICIPANTS: 6007 male football players who had played in the Swedish top division, Allsvenskan, from 1924 to 2019 and 56 168 men from the general population matched to players based on age and region of residence.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome was alcohol related disorders (diagnoses recorded in death certificates, during hospital admissions and outpatient visits, or use of prescription drugs for alcohol addiction); secondary outcome was disorders related to misuse of other drugs.RESULTS: During follow-up up to 31 December 2020, 257 (4.3%) football players and 3528 (6.3%) men from the general population received diagnoses of alcohol related disorders. In analyses accounting for age, region of residence, and calendar time, risk of alcohol related disorders was lower among football players than among men from the general population (hazard ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.62 to 0.81). A reduced risk of alcohol related disorders was observed for football players who played their first season in the top tier in the early 1960s and later, while no significant difference versus men from the general population was seen in the risk for football players from earlier eras. The hazard ratio was lowest at around age 35 years, and then increased with age; at around age 75 years, football players had a higher risk of alcohol related disorders than men from the general population. No significant association was seen between goal scoring, number of games, and seasons played in the top tier and the risk of alcohol related disorders. Risk of disorders related to other drug misuse was significantly lower among football players than the general population (hazard ratio 0.22, 95% confidence interval 0.15 to 0.34).CONCLUSIONS: In this nationwide cohort study, male football players who had played in the Swedish top tier of competition had a significantly lower risk of alcohol related disorders than men from the general population.
|
|
| 176. |
- Wallin, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Newborn individual development care and assessment program (NIDCAP) : a systematic review of the literature
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1545-102X .- 1741-6787. ; 6:2, s. 54-69
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Important advancements have been made in the care of preterm infants. Health services have introduced various methods aimed at promoting attachment, breastfeeding, and neurological development. The Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP), developed to stimulate preterm infants at levels adapted to the child's degree of neurological maturity, is increasingly being used.Objectives: The aim was to investigate the impact of NIDCAP on the psychomotor development, neurological status, medical/nursing care outcomes, and parental perceptions. A further aim was to evaluate the cost-related effects of NIDCAP.Data Extraction and Analysis: A literature search up to September 2007 was performed. The reviewed papers were assessed for methodological quality and only statistically significant findings were extracted.Findings: The evidence compiled on the effects of NIDCAP is based on 12 articles from six randomized controlled trials that included approximately 250 children. Each of the studies was assessed as having medium quality. Most of the studies were small and many investigated a huge number of outcome variables, which decreased their scientific strength. On outcome variables in which a significant difference was found between the intervention (NIDCAP) and control groups, most studies showed better results for the NIDCAP group. This was particularly valid for cognitive and psychomotor development. Four studies also showed a reduced need for respiratory support for the NIDCAP group. No studies were identified that weighed the total cost of NIDCAP against its effects.Conclusions: Despite promising findings, primarily on cognitive and motor development, the scientific evidence on the effects of NIDCAP is limited. Shortcomings in design and methods in the reviewed studies hamper far-reaching claims on the effectiveness of the method. Scientific grounds for assessing the effects of NIDCAP would be substantially enhanced by a sufficiently comprehensive study with extended follow-up and a clear focus on a few important outcome variables.
|
|
| 177. |
- Bjuggren, Carl Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
A note on employment and gross domestic product in Swedish family-owned businesses : a descriptive analysis
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Family Business Review. - San Francisco : Family Firm Institute. - 0894-4865 .- 1741-6248. ; 24:4, s. 362-371
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish government gathers information that helps identify family-owned businesses and enabled us to analyze every business in the economy over a longer period than has heretofore been reported. Using these data, we found that family-owned businesses account for up to one fourth of total employment and one fifth of GDP in Sweden. These shares have increased over time, due in part, to economic policy. We compare our findings with other studies and suggest how Sweden and other governments might make family firm data more readily available for researchers.
|
|
| 178. |
- Coad, Alex, et al.
(författare)
-
Whom do high-growth firms hire?
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 23:1, s. 293-327
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study employment and new hires among high-growth firms (HGFs) in the Swedish knowledge-intensive sectors 1999-2002. Using matched employer-employee data, we find that HGFs are more likely to employ young people, poorly educated workers, immigrants, and individuals who experienced longer unemployment periods. However, these patterns seem contingent on the stage of the firm's evolution. HGFs that have already realized some rapid growth are more likely to hire individuals from other firms, even though immigrants are still overrepresented among new hires. In the case of both HGF employees and HGF new hires, employment opportunities in HGFs are provided by young and small firms.
|
|
| 179. |
- Jonsson, Anna, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
-
Defining goals in participatory water management: merging local visions and expert judgements
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. - Oxfordshire, UK : Informa UK Limited. - 1360-0559 .- 0964-0568. ; 54:7, s. 909-935
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Management by objectives is intrinsic to the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) and Swedish environmental policy. We describe three approaches to formulating objectives via model-assisted dialogue with local stakeholders concerning eutrophication in a coastal drainage area in south-eastern Sweden: a WFD eco-centred approach based on 'natural state'; Swedish environmental policy reformulated into quantified reduction goals; and a participatory approach based on local stakeholder definitions of desirable environmental status. Despite problems with representation, we conclude that local stakeholder participation in formulating local goals could increase goal functionality and robustness when adapting and implementing national and EU WFD goals at the local level.
|
|
| 180. |
- Abdelzadeh, Ali, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
En arena för tillit och tolerans?
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Föreningen, jaget och laget. - Stockholm : Centrum för idrottsforskning. - 9789198183375 ; , s. 27-46
-
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
