| 51. |
- Bylund-Grenklo, Tove, et al.
(författare)
-
Dignity in life and care : The perspectives of Swedish patients in a palliative care context
- 2019
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Palliative Nursing. - : MA Healthcare Ltd. - 1357-6321 .- 2052-286X. ; 25:4, s. 193-201
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: How patients preserve their sense of dignity in life is an important area of palliative care that remains to be explored. Aims: To describe patients' perspectives of what constitutes a dignified life within a palliative care context. Methods: Twelve palliative care patients were interviewed about their views on living with dignity. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: What constitutes a dignified life during end-of-life care was captured by the theme 'I may be ill but I am still a human being' and presented under the categories 'preserving my everyday life and personhood', 'having my human value maintained by others through 'coherence' and 'being supported by society at large'. Conclusion: Patients' sense of dignity can be preserved by their own attitudes and behaviours, by others and through public support. Health professionals need to adopt a dignity-conserving approach, for which awareness of their own attitudes and behaviours is crucial.
|
|
| 52. |
- Crenshaw, Albert G., et al.
(författare)
-
Reliability of near-infrared spectroscopy for measuring forearm and shoulder oxygenation in healthy males and females
- 2012
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology. - : Springer. - 1439-6319 .- 1439-6327. ; 112:7, s. 2703-2715
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study determined the day-to-day reliability of NIRS-derived oxygenation responses (a dagger StO(2)%) for isometric contractions and for cuff occlusion. Twenty-four subjects (12 males and 12 females) were tested for 2 days (4-6 days interval). Variables generated were: (1) a dagger StO(2)% for isometric contractions (10, 30, 50 and 70% MVC) for descending trapezius (TD) and extensor carpi radialis (ECR) muscles; (2) slope changes in total haemoglobin (HbTslope) and deoxyhaemoglobin (HHbslope) for the ECR using upper arm venous (VO, 50 mmHg) and arterial occlusion (AO, 250 mmHg); (3) recovery slopes (Rslope) for oxygen saturation (StO(2)) following isometric contractions and AO. For each variable, an intraclass correlation (ICC) was calculated to assess the ability to differentiate between subjects, and limits of agreement (LOA) were computed to assess day-to-day consistency of the measurement. ICCs for Delta StO(2)% were lowest at 10% MVC for both ECR (0.58) and TD (0.55), and highest at 30% MVC for ECR (0.95) and at 70% MVC for TD (0.79). For both muscles, LOA for Delta StO(2)% was lowest at 10% and highest at 50 and 70% MVC. ICC for HbTslope was 0.17. For HHbslope ICC was higher for AO (0.83) than for VO (0.73), and LOA was lower for AO. For the ECR Rslope ICCs ranged from 0.88 to 0.90 for contraction, but was lower for AO (0.33); LOA was lowest at 70% MVC. For trapezius Rslope ICCs ranged from 0.63 to 0.73 and LOA was lowest at 30% MVC. For this study, establishing reliability data for the ECR and TD and including variables commonly reported are expected to have meaning for future NIRS studies of work-related upper-extremity pain as well as for other NIRS research and clinical applications.
|
|
| 53. |
|
|
| 54. |
- Dahlberg, Mattias, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
-
General Report
- 2013
-
Ingår i: The taxation of foreign passive income for groups of companies. - The Hague : Sdu Uitgevers bv. - 9789012390675 ; , s. 17-56, s. 1-34
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 55. |
- Dahlkvist, Eva, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
-
Garden greenery and the health of older people in residential care facilities : a multi-level cross-sectional study
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 72:9, s. 2065-2076
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To test the relationship between greenery in gardens at residential facilities for older people and the self-perceived health of residents, mediated by experiences of being away and fascination when in the garden and the frequency of visitation there. To examine how these indirect effects vary with the number of physical barriers to visiting the garden.Background: Many older people in residential facilities suffer from complex health problems. Access to a green outdoor environment may enable psychological distance, engage effortless attention, encourage more frequent visitation and promote resident health.Design: A multi-level, cross-sectional, correlational design.Methods: Questionnaires were administered June-August, 2011 to convenience samples of residents at 72 facilities for older people with complex healthcare needs. One to 10 eligible residents were sampled during self-motivated garden visits at each facility (n = 290). They reported on their garden experiences and health. Facility staff reported on objective garden characteristics and barriers to access. A serial mediation model was tested with multiple linear regression analysis.Results: The total indirect effect of greenery on self-perceived health was positive and significant. Garden greenery appears to affect health by enhancing a sense of being away, affording possibilities to experience the outdoor environment as interesting and encouraging visitation. Among residents in homes with multiple barriers, only fascination mediated the relationship between greenery and self-perceived health.Conclusion: Ample greenery in outdoor space at residential facilities for older people appears to promote experiences of being away and fascination, more frequent visitation and better health.
|
|
| 56. |
- Dahlkvist, Eva, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
-
Is there a caring perspective in garden/patio design in elderly care? : a description and a comparison of residents' and staff members' perceptions of these outdoor spaces
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Housing for the Elderly. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0276-3893 .- 1540-353X. ; 28:1, s. 85-106
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims to describe the characteristics of and design elements in gardens/patios at 87 residential living homes for older people and to describe and compare residents’ and staff members’ perceptions of outdoor spaces. The aim was also to investigate factors related to residents' satisfaction with and stays in the garden/patio. The result showed that many gardens/patios had several recommended design elements and, at the same time, obvious deficiencies. The residents (n = 415) valued various aspects of the garden/patio more highly than did the staff (n = 667). Managers responsible for residential living homes for elderly people should take measures to ameliorate deficiencies and deficient elements in design and accessibility that are lacking so that the garden/patio can be used as an important health promotion resource in the care of elderly people. Residents and staff are important actors in such development work.
|
|
| 57. |
|
|
| 58. |
- Dahlström, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
-
Cognitive training and effects on speech-in noise performance in normal hearing and hearing impaired individuals
- 2015
-
Ingår i: CHSCOM2015. - : Linköping University Electronic Press. ; , s. 127-127
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cognitive training might have potential to improve speech understanding under adverse listening conditions. Here, we have examined the effects of a 5-week computer-based cognitive training program on speech-in-noise-performance, in normal hearing (NH) participants and in participants with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss (HI).Two groups, matched on gender and age (45-65 years), of 20 participants each (HI and NH respectively) are recruited. Participants perform four test-sessions; inclusion (t0), five weeks (t1), ten weeks (t2) and six months (t3). Training is performed either between t0 and t1, or between t1 and t2 (using a cross-over design), using the computer-based Cogmed training program, approximately 30-40 minutes per day, five days per week, during five weeks. At each session participants are tested in three different ways: (a) cognitive testing (KIPS, SICSPAN, TRT); (b) auditory performance (pure tone-audiometry (air- and bone-conduction) and speech audiometry (HINT, Swedish SPIN-test (SNR +4dB))); (c) cortical activation (MR sessions where participants performed a speech-in-noise task using Hagerman-sentences with steady-state speech-spectrum noise (SSN) and with two competing talkers). MR imaging is performed on a Philips Achieva 1.5 Tesla scanner using a sparse imaging technique in which stimuli are presented during the silent period between successive scans. Participants listen to auditory stimuli under eight different conditions: clear speech, SSN or two competing talkers (each at 90%, 50% and 0% intelligibility), and silent rest. Pre- and post-training, hearing disability is assessed by the Speech-Spatial-Qualities-Questionnaire.The study is on-going and behavioral results as well as results from fMRI will be presented.
|
|
| 59. |
-
Decentralization and centralization policies in education in Europe : current trends and challenges
- 2002
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Decentralization and centralization are as opposite trends in educational policies, as much as they are in economics and politics. A preliminary assumption considers the existence at European level of two main forces having a major impact in educational policies. First: the ideal of a common European identity, an economical and social community, which claims for common goals, unified policies, that is centralization. The second group of forces can be related to the importance of the individual and local level to be involved in decision making in education, the diminishing of the role of central authorities and the partnership market & education. This, on the contrary, is assumed to claim for decentralization in educational policies.With the above as a conceptual point of departure the First International Workshop attempted to initiate a debate and search for answers to questions such as the followings: In which ways this apparently “opposite forces” could strive towards the same goals?, Which criticism could be put forward to the approach presented above? Are there other perspectives to consider when scrutinizing decentralization and centralization in education? What is possible to do in terms of research to approach this problematic? The keynote speeches and papers included in this report approach some of these questions or deepen into others relevant with a perspective covering from research experiences to local issues.
|
|
| 60. |
- Domkin, Dmitry, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of reduced visual acuity on precision of two-dimensional tracing movements
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Optometry. - Madrid, España : Spanish Council of Optometry. - 1888-4296. ; 9:2, s. 93-101
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: We intended to assess consequences of reduced visual acuity for performance in a natural simple motor task (tracing) using objective kinematic performance measures. Specifically, we intended to elucidate the kind of relationship between the task performance and best corrected binocular visual acuity and to determine the threshold of visual acuity when task performance starts to deteriorate.Methods: Ninety-five individuals with different best corrected visual acuity participated in the study (age 49±12 years, mean±SD, 27 men and 68 women). The participants manually traced maze-like visual patterns of different spatial complexity presented on the screen of a portable notebook computer using Clinical Kinematic Assessment Tool software. Tracing error was computed as performance measure in each trial with a spatial pattern matching technique - rigid point set registration method.Results: The segmented linear regression analysis showed that the relation between visual acuity and tracing errors was best described with a regression function having a break point between two data segments. Tracing performance was unaffected by values of visual acuity below 0.2 on logMAR scale, but when logMAR values increased above this critical limit (i.e. when visual acuity is further reduced), tracing errors linearly increased. The rate of the increase of the tracing error correlated with the complexity of visual stimulus shape.Conclusion: Testing of fine motor functions with objective kinematic measures during visuomotor tasks may help differentiating between actual effects of reduced visual acuity on eye-hand coordination in individuals with similar levels of impairment of visual acuity.
|
|
