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- Leckner, Bo G, 1936
(författare)
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Radiation from flames and gases in a cold wall combustion chamber
- 1970
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Ingår i: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. - 0017-9310. ; 13:1, s. 185-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The calculation of heat transfer in furnaces is usually based on coarse approximations of temperatureand emissivity in the combustion chamber. This paper suggests a method suitable for machinecomputation of the heat transfer from flames and gases to the walls of a furnace. A theoretical derivationof the basic equation is made and the simplifications necessary for execution of the calculation in acceptabletime are discussed The patterns of temperature and flame. emissivity are described by means of simplefunctions, a mathematical model. Experiments were carried out in an experimental furnace of simplegeometry using one oil-burner in order to check the accuracy of the theoretical assumptions. Mcasurementsof flame and gas temperature, flame emissivity, wall heat flux and exterior measurements necessaryfor the heat balance of the furnace were done. The measurements of temperature and emissivity define themathematical model.The heat transfer from flame and gases (including the contribution due to reflexion, non-cold surfacesand convection) was calculated at four different loads of the furnace and compared with the heat fluxmeasurements. The difference between measured and calculated heat flux, due to errors of measurementsand calculations, was less than about 15 per cent of the total heat flux.
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- Petersson, Göran, 1941
(författare)
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Mass spectrometry of aldonic and deoxyaldonic acids as trimethylsilyl derivatives
- 1970
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Ingår i: Tetrahedron. ; 26, s. 3413-3428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Open-chain trimethylsilyl derivatives of aldonic and deoxyaldonic acids, which can be prepared from salts of the acids, are well suited for structure determination by mass spectrometry. The study is focussed on aldonic and unbranched monodeoxyaldonic acids, but several dideoxyaldonic and branched deoxyaldonic acids are included. Spectra of the derivatives of glycolic, lactic and hydracrylic acids are discussed.The structural isomers exhibit interpretable differences, whereas the spectra of the diastereomers are similar. The molecular weight and the number of OH groups can be deduced from the spectra, as well as the position of the “deoxy group” in unbranched deoxyaldonic acids. The most prominent fragmentations are α-cleavages of the carbon chain, frequently followed by rearrangement loss of trimethylsilanol. A structurally significant McLafferty-type rearrangement of a trimethylsilyl group is described. Several types of ions decompose by expulsion of small molecules such as CO, CH2O and CO2.
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- Petersson, Göran, 1941
(författare)
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Reference mass spectra of hexoses and methylated hexoses
- 1970
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Ingår i: Archives of Mass Spectral Data. ; 1, s. 624-665
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Certified mass spectra (70 eV) as tables of relative abundance and as bar graphs are given for trimethylsilyl derivatives of aldohexoses. From specific fragment ions, the number and position of O-methyl groups can be assessed for unknown methylated hexoses as outlined in a previous article (link).
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