| 51. |
- Niska, John, et al.
(författare)
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Formation of the 124 phase superconductor (YBa2Cu4O8) by retaining oxygen in a reaction HIP sintering process
- 1990
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Ingår i: Journal of materials science letters. - 0261-8028 .- 1573-4811. ; 9:7, s. 770-771
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ceramic superconductor YBa2Cu4O8 has been produced by high temperature sintering of a mixture of CuO and YBa2Cu3O7 in a glass capsule under high hydrostatic argon pressure. The resulting highly dense material is investigated by X-ray diffraction, optical and electron microscopy, resistance measurements and hardness measurements, and shown to be a homogeneous High transition temperature superconductor.
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| 52. |
- Olofsson, Anders
(författare)
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Högskolebildningens fem ansikten : studerandes föreställningar om kunskapspotentialer i teknik, medicin, ekonomi och psykologi: en kvalitativ utvärderingsstudie
- 1993
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to examine the process of stabilization and/or change in university students' notions of content and transmission and acquisition of knowledge. The subjects, 25 students of engineering, economics, medicine, and psychology, were interviewed at the beginning and the end of their training period.The main result of the study is that the students of psychology, both at the beginning and the end of their training, manifest the greatest variation in notions of content and in the transmission and acquisition of knowledge. They express five qualitatively different notions at these two points of time. Furthermore, practically all students of psychology develop a repertory of notions in the course of their training. This means that the students simultaneously express more than one notion of the content of their education.Initially, the students of economics express three different notions of content and of the transmission and acquisition of knowledge. Towards the end of their training, they have developed a fourth notion. Slightly more than half of the students of economics acquire a repertory of notions of the content of economics in the course of their training.Initially, the students of medicine express three notions of medicine. Towards the end of their training they express only two different types of notions of the content of medicine. Few students of medicine develop an individual repertory of notions.Initially, the students of engineering express three different notions of engineering. Towards the end of their training they express four qualitatively different notions. Some students develop a repertory of notions of engineering in the course of their training.From the point of view of content, the students' notions vary between social and individual explanations and definitions of their respective subjects. The changes in the students' notions are analysed on the basis of the curriculum code of each programme. The programmes of medicine and engineering are dominated by a collected code whereas the programmes of economics and psychology are dominated by an integrated code.
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| 53. |
- Pawlik, B, et al.
(författare)
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pH-dependent cadmium transport inhibits photosynthesis in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis aquatilis
- 1993
-
Ingår i: Environmental and Experimental Botany. - 0098-8472 .- 1873-7307. ; 33:2, s. 331-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Short-term (5-120 sec) transport of cadmium (Cd-109) into cells of the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis aquatilis was studied using a rapid filtration technique. The transport was strongly pH-dependent, occurring at pH 7, but not at pH 5.5, and was also observed in long-term (40 min) experiments. For this process the optimum pH was approximately 7.5; uptake was considerably reduced at lower pHs. The entrance of cadmium disturbed photosynthetic activity and related processes. At pH 7, cadmium (8.9 muM) decreased CO2 fixation by about 55%, inhibited carbonic anhydrase activity (completely in intact cells, by 65%, in cell-free extracts) and photosynthetic O2-evolution by about 50%. At pH 5.5 no effects were observed.
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| 54. |
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| 55. |
- Sandgren, Claes
(författare)
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Utvecklingslinjer inom avtalsrätten
- 1993
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Ingår i: Utvecklingslinjer inom avtalsrätten. - : Norstedts juridik, Stockholm. - 9138502275 ; , s. 89-136
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 56. |
- Sellstedt, Anita, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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IDENTIFICATION OF CASUARINA-FRANKIA STRAINS BY USE OF POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION (PCR) WITH ARBITRARY PRIMERS
- 1992
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Ingår i: FEMS Microbiology Letters. - 0378-1097 .- 1574-6968. ; 93:1, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Free-living N2-fixing Frankia strains isolated from Casuarina sp. were investigated for genomic polymorphism. We used six 10-mer oligonucleotides as single arbitrary primers (AP) for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in order to amplify random DNA fragments in the genome of free-living Frankia strains. Agarose-gels of the amplified genomic DNA revealed that two of the six arbitrary primers showed polymorphism in the eight different Frankia genomes. Analysis of the AP-PCR products showed 9 polymorphic bands ranging from 4.1-0.60 kb. We conclude that single arbitrary primers can be used to amplify genomic DNA, and that polymorphism can be detected between the amplification products of the different Frankia genomes.
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| 57. |
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| 58. |
- Svahn, Margareta, 1957-
(författare)
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Finnskägg, tåtel och sia : Om folkliga namn på gräs
- 1991
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- By collecting and analysing plant names linguistically, a knowledge of popular botany and its relationshipto scientific botany can be obtained.This study has two primary aims: to describe the popular botanical view of the part of thevegetal world represented by grasses and to illustrate the dialectal use of plant names.The material consists of dialectal names for grasses and has been taken chiefly from variousarchives. The area investigated is primarily Sweden, but other parts of Fenno-Scandinavia, chieflyNorway and parts of Finland where Swedish is spoken, have also been included. The plant namesanalysed are either equivalents or synonyms: they have the same meaning but different geographicalareas of distribution or the same meaning and the same geographical areas of distribution.Three popular "species", each of which represents three different correspondences betweenpopular and scientific botany are described."Grass with a panicle" illustrates underdifferentiation. A number of grasses are collectivelygiven the same name. The grasses are primarily characterised by their similarity in appearance,but they are also used in the same way, as fodder grasses. "Grass with a panicle" has five namesin Swedish dialects: ven, tåtel, bunk, jägarn and tannar."Vegetative tillers" exemplifies overdifferentiation. The tillers are only one part of the plant,which means that the popular classification is more differentiated than the scientific one. Thereare probably several reasons for this differentiation: The vegetative tillers are the first to appearin spring, before the culms with panicles. The tillers are grazed, not cut like the flowering stems.The names found in Swedish dialects are rysk, tov and sia."Mat-grass" represents one-to-one correspondence. The "species" is on the whole identicalwith the scientific species mat-grass. The reason for this identity is the characteristic appearanceof the plant and its hardness. It is difficult to cut. In Swedish dialects mat-grass has five nameswhich are widely spread: stagg, finnskägg, hära, sägg and fnugg. But it also has a great numberof names with a very limited distribution. Because of the special efforts required at harvesttime—mat-grass often bent to the scythe only to rise again soon afterwards—this grass could stirup emotions and hence it has been subject to affective word-formation.The material points to the conclusion that external characteristics of plants may be decisive fortheir classification in popular botany. It is important to note, however, that the use made of aplant is also important in the popular division of "species".
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| 59. |
- Söderkvist, Inge, et al.
(författare)
-
Determining the movements of the skeleton using well-configured markers
- 1993
-
Ingår i: Journal of Biomechanics. - 0021-9290 .- 1873-2380. ; 26, s. 1473-1477
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The problem of determining skeletal movements in 3 dimensions by using a number of landmarks is treated. We present a method that determines the motion of a rigid body by using the positions of the landmarks in a least-squares sense. The method uses the singular value decomposition of a matrix derived from the positions of the landmarks. We show how one can use this method to express movement of skeleton segments relative to each other. As many others have pointed out, the movement can be very ill determined if the landmarks are badly configured. We present a condition number for the problem with good geometrical properties. The condition number depends on the configuration of the landmarks and indicates how to distribute the landmarks in a suitable way.
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| 60. |
- Sörlin, Per
(författare)
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Trolldoms- och vidskepelseprocesserna i Göta hovrätt 1635-1754
- 1993
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Extensive witchcraft trials took place in Sweden between the years 1668 and 1676. Approximately three hundred individuals were executed during a period of very few years. However, far more common were trials of a more modest nature, concerning minor magic and malevolent witchcraft without aspects of diabolism. The present dissertation deals with these minor cases, which have previously attracted very little academic interest.The source material for this study comprises 353 cases (involving 880 individuals), submitted to the Göta Royal Superior Court by informants during the period 1635-1754. The area of jurisdiction covered by the Göta Royal Superior Court embraced the southernmost areas of Sweden.This study discusses witchcraft and magic trials from three perspectives:1. The elite perspective (the acculturation model);2. The functionalistic conflict perspective; and3. The systems-oriented perspective of popular magic.Ideologically and religiously coloured perceptions of magic became more pervasive at the same time as the number of trials increased. This was caused by central administrative measures, which broadened the opportunities for pursuing cases on the local level. However, the increased influence of the dite cannot be characterized as a conquest of folk culture by the elite. It is more adequate to speak of a movement of repression, originating in a state become all the more civilized. Death sentences were few and far between and most of the cases concerned minor magic.There existed no independent popular level such as emerges in the reports from the proceedings of the trials. People clearly differentiated between different types of malevolent witchcraft when standing before the courts. They were more likely to go directly to trial when the signs preceding their misfortunes hinted at magical activity (viewed as sorcery), than they were when suspicions against witches were based on threats made in conflict situations. Witchcraft which had its basis in conflict situations appears to have been more dependent upon first receiving encouragement in the form of obliging courts, before people would take their cases to trial. This has created a pattern which ostensibly makes it seem that the level of social tensions was low, so that people therefore appeared indifferent toward malevolent witchcraft. Just as illusory is the competing image of an uninfluenced popular perception of witchcraft which actually emerges in the Göta Royal Superior Court. However, this does not mean that the actions of individuals was characterized by an assimilation of the values of the dominant culture. Receptivity to the signals of the elite was certainly clear, but at the same time the responses indicate a great deal of independence. Popular participation in witchcraft trials took place without any prerequisite profound cultural transformations.
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