| 11. |
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Det goda åldrandet
- 2012. - 1
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Boken syftar till att belysa ett gott åldrande och hot mot ett gott åldrande ur ett salutogent perspektiv samt till att spegla komplexiteten i åldrandet.Huvudbudskapet är att många äldre personer har det bra under åldrandet, men att det är möjligt att främja upplevelse av hälsa även hos de som lever med olika former av illabefinnande i samband med förluster, ohälsa eller under den sista tiden i livet. Att främja hälsa handlar om att ta tillvara yttre och inre resurser hos äldre personer, hos deras närmaste och i samhället samt att ge adekvat vård och omsorg, medicinsk behandling och rehabilitering.I boken medverkar 13 forskare inom arbetsterapi, geriatrik, omvårdnad och sjukgymnastik. Alla har omfattande erfarenhet av forskning om äldre personer. De olika perspektiven ger en bild av aktuell forskning om äldre personers situation.Boken är i första hand avsedd för studenter på grundläggande nivå och för vidareutbildning av personal inom vård och omsorg, men den är också lämplig att använda inom praktisk verksamhet.
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| 12. |
- Fischer, Regina Santamäki, et al.
(author)
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Embracing opposites : meanings of growing old as narrated by people aged 85
- 2008
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In: The International Journal of Aging & Human Development. - Farmingdale, N.Y. : Baywood. - 0091-4150 .- 1541-3535. ; 67:3, s. 259-71
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many old people suffer from prolonged and multiple bodily ailments, new diseases, and increased risk for disadvantages and losses in life. Aging also means becoming mature and wise. This study illuminates the meaning of the lived experience with respect to changes in late life. Using a phenomenological hermeneutic method, this study analyzes transcribed interviews of 15 85-year-old people. Four themes were formulated: embracing weakness and strength, embracing slowness and swiftness of time, embracing reconciliation and regret, and embracing connectedness and loneliness. From these analyses, growing old was described as--maintaining one's identity in spite of the changes that come with aging and, embracing opposites--being changed and feeling being the same.
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| 13. |
- Lundman, Berit, et al.
(author)
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Development and psychometric properties of the Inner Strength Scale
- 2011
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In: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 48:10, s. 1266-1274
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Four dimensions of inner strength were previously identified in a meta-theoretical analysis: firmness, creativity, connectedness, and flexibility.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop an Inner Strength Scale (ISS) based on those four dimensions and to evaluate its psychometric properties.METHOD: An initial version of ISS was distributed for validation purpose with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the resilience scale, and the sense of Coherence Scale. A convenience sample of 391 adults, aged 19-90 years participated. Principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used in the process of exploring, evaluating, and reducing the 63-item ISS to the 20-item ISS. Cronbach's alpha and test-retest were used to measure reliability.RESULTS: CFA showed satisfactory goodness-of-fit for the 20-item ISS. The analysis supported a fourfactor solution explaining 51% of the variance. Cronbach's alpha on the 20-item ISS was 0.86, and the test-retest showed stability over time (r=0.79).CONCLUSION: The ISS was found to be a valid and reliable instrument for capturing a multifaceted understanding of inner strength. Further tests of psychometric properties of the ISS will be performed in forthcoming studies.
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| 14. |
- Lundman, Berit, et al.
(author)
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Inner strength-A theoretical analysis of salutogenic concepts.
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 47:2, s. 251-260
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Theoretical and empirical overlaps between the concepts of resilience, sense of coherence, hardiness, purpose in life, and self-transcendence have earlier been described as some kind of inner strength, but no studies have been found that focus on what attributes these concepts have in common. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to perform a theoretical analysis of the concepts of resilience, sense of coherence, hardiness, purpose in life, and self-transcendence, in order to identify their core dimensions in an attempt to get an overarching understanding of inner strength. PRINT METHOD: An analysis inspired by the procedure of meta-theory construction was performed. The main questions underlying the development of the concepts, the major paradigms and the most prominent assumptions, the critical attributes and the characteristics of the various concepts were identified. RESULTS: The analysis resulted in the identification of four core dimensions of inner strength and the understanding that inner strength relies on the interaction of these dimensions: connectedness, firmness, flexibility, and creativity. These dimensions were validated through comparison with the original descriptions of the concepts. CONCLUSION: An overarching understanding of inner strength is that it means both to stand steady, to be firm, with both feet on the ground and to be connected to; family, friends, society, nature and spiritual dimensions and to be able to transcend. Having inner strength is to be creative and stretchable, which is to believe in own possibilities to act and to make choices and influence life's trajectory in a perceived meaningful direction. Inner strength is to shoulder responsibility for oneself and others, to endure and deal with difficulties and adversities. This knowledge about inner strength will raise the awareness of the concept and, in turn, hopefully increase our potential to support people's inner strength.
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| 15. |
- Lundman, Berit, et al.
(author)
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Inner strength in relation to functional status, disease, living arrangements, and social relationships among people aged 85 years and older
- 2012
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In: Geriatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4572 .- 1528-3984. ; 33:3, s. 167-176
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Inner strength is described as an important resource that promotes well-being. We used data from a sample of 185 people in the Umeå 85+ cohort study to relate inner strength and its attributes to objective health variables. The Resilience, Sense of Coherence, Purpose in Life, and Self-Transcendence scales were used to assess aspects of inner strength, and strong correlations between the scales were found. Prevalence of heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, osteoporosis, or diagnosed depression was associated with low inner strength. Significant relationships were also found between high inner strength and various measures of social relationships. Participants with a higher degree of inner strength had better physical health and more satisfying social relationships. The promotion of inner strength should be a major aim of geriatric nursing.
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| 16. |
- Lundman, Berit, et al.
(author)
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Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Self-Transcendence Scale among very old people
- 2015
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In: Journal of Nursing Measurement. - : Springer. - 1061-3749 .- 1945-7049. ; 23:1, s. 96-111
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study tested the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Self-Transcendence Scale (STS).METHODS: Cohen's weighted kappa, agreement, absolute reliability, relative reliability, and internal consistency were calculated, and the underlying structure of the STS was established by exploratory factor analysis. There were 2 samples available: 1 including 194 people aged 85-103 years and a convenience sample of 60 people aged 21-69 years.RESULTS: Weighted kappa values ranged from .40 to .89. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the original STS was .763, and the least significant change between repeated tests was 6.25 points.CONCLUSION: The revised STS was found to have satisfactory psychometric properties, and 2 of the 4 underlying dimensions in Reed's self-transcendence theory were supported.
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| 17. |
- Lundman, Berit, et al.
(author)
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Syn på åldrande och äldre personer
- 2012. - 1
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In: Det goda åldrandet. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144068046 ; , s. 17-40
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 18. |
- Nygren, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Inner strength as disclosed in narratives of the oldest old.
- 2007
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In: Qualitative Health Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 1049-7323 .- 1552-7557. ; 17:8, s. 1060-73
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to illuminate the meaning of inner strength when very old as narrated by women and men 85 and 90 years old. The authors used a phenomenological hermeneutical method to analyze interviews from 11 women and 7 men, aged either 85 or 90, who scored high on scales measuring phenomena related to inner strength. The following themes emerged from the analysis: feeling competent in oneself yet having faith in others, looking on the bright side of life without hiding from the dark, feeling eased and also being active, being the same yet growing into a new garment, and living in a connected present but also in the past and the future. The authors understood the meaning as Life Goes On—Living It All. To illuminate this meaning further, the authors related the findings to the Aristotelian virtues and the golden mean, and to developmental theory.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Santamäki Fischer, Regina, et al.
(author)
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"I'm on my way" The meaning of being oldest old, as narrated by people aged 95 and over
- 2007
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In: Journal of Religion Spirituality and Aging. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1552-8049 .- 1552-8030. ; 19:2, s. 3-19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A phenomenological hermeneutic analysis of interviews with 12 persons aged between 95 and 103 years was performed to uncover the meaning of the lived experience of being oldest old. Two themes were formulated, namely, being in stillness and in movement, which involves being in one’s aged body, unable to move, and being in the stillness of the inner person occupied with an inner movement of remembering, and reconciling with, life; and being at the threshold and being ready to let go, which implies being at peace with God and feeling confidence despite the anxiety of dying. A comprehensive understanding was formulated based
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