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Sökning: swepub > Övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt > Umeå universitet

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51.
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55.
  • Hållen, Nicklas, 1983- (författare)
  • Travelling objects : modernity and materiality in British Colonial travel literature about Africa
  • 2011
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This study examines the functions of objects in a selection of British colonial travel accounts about Africa. The works discussed were published between 1863 and 1908 and include travelogues by John Hanning Speke, Verney Lovett Cameron, Henry Morton Stanley, Mary Henrietta Kingsley, Ewart Scott Grogan, Mary Hall and Constance Larymore. The author argues that objects are deeply involved in the construction of pre-modern and modern spheres that the travelling subject moves between. The objects in the travel accounts are studied in relation to a contextual background of Victorian commodity and object culture, epitomised by the 1851 Great Exhibition and the birth of the modern anthropological museum. The four analysis chapters investigate the roles of objects in ethnographical and geographical writing, in ideological discussions about the transformative powers of colonial trade, and in narratives about the arrival of the book in the colonial periphery. As the analysis shows, however, objects tend not to behave as they are expected to do. Instead of marking temporal differences, descriptions of objects are typically unstable and riddled with contradictions and foreground the ambivalence that characterises colonial literature.
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56.
  • Jensen, Tommy, 1970-, et al. (författare)
  • Translating corporate codes of ethics
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Corporate Social Responsibility. - Stockholm : Santérus Academic Press. - 9789173350129 ; , s. 53-70
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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57.
  • Lindbom, Louise, 1960-, et al. (författare)
  • How does tutoring help the screenwriting process?
  • 2014
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The knowledge created in the professional meeting between tutor and student is crucial for the student’s ability to develop the screenwriting skills, not only the tools for writing and the necessary ability to be a good listener, but to be brave enough to master the art by making conscious choices. Further to develop the different writing abilities needed, especially the skill of rewriting. Silent knowledge is crucial in the tutoring and how the tutor responds to the student is very important.What is in this silent knowledge? How is it used and pedagogically transformed in the tutoring process? In order to investigate this we analyse the tutoring process from pitch to final script, of our own students during the spring semester 2014. The script developing process is an unexplored area and for instance held behind locked doors in the film business. The goal of both a tutor and professional dramaturge is a good script, but a tutor works with a student for a longer time in order to also make a good screenwriter, though both of them have an interest in the process of rewriting.The tutoring process of Lindbom will be followed, observed and analyzed by Svens. Student interviews give perspectives on the process. From the different perspectives of a tutor and a scientist we hope to clarify some of what takes place in the process and how silent knowledge is used in order to make the student realize the importance of rewriting. How does this knowledge emerge and how does the student realize how to use it? What is it in the tutor’s feedback that makes the student rewrite and develop the script?
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59.
  • Löfgren, Jenny, et al. (författare)
  • Surgery in district hospitals in rural Uganda-indications, interventions, and outcomes
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Elsevier. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 385, s. 18-18
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Background: There is a vast unmet need for surgical interventions in resource scarce settings. The poorest 2 billion people share 3·5% of the world's operations. The highest burden of surgical disease is seen in Africa where surgery could avert many deaths. Prospective studies investigating interventions, indications, and outcomes including perioperative mortality rates (POMR) after surgery are scant. The aim of the study was to describe the situation of surgery in a low-income setting in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: In this descriptive, facility-based study, data were prospectively collected in questionnaires by 41 staff employed at two hospitals (Iganga General Hospital and Buluba Mission Hospital) in eastern Uganda during 4 months (major surgeries) and 3 months (minor surgeries) in 2011. Data included patient characteristics, interventions, indications for surgery, and in-hospital mortality after surgery. Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyse the data. Findings: 2701 patients underwent 2790 surgical interventions. Of these, 1051 patients underwent major surgery, which corresponds to a major surgery rate of 224·8 per 100 000 population. Most patients undergoing major surgery were women (n=923, 88%). Pregnancy related complications (n=747, 66%) leading to caesarean section (n=496, 47%) and evacuation (n=244, 22%) or gynaecological conditions (n=114, 10%) were common indications for surgery. General surgery interventions registered were herniorrhaphy (n=103, 9%), explorative laparotomy (n=60, 5%), and appendicectomy (n=31, 3%). Overall, the POMR was 0·6% (16 deaths); for major surgery it was 1·3% (14 deaths) and for minor surgeries it was 0·1% (two of 1650 patients). High POMR were seen following explorative laparotomy (13·3%, eight deaths) and caesarean section (0·8%, four deaths). Of the 510 babies delivered through caesarean section, 59 (12%) were still born or died before discharge. Interpretation: Rates of surgery are low in the study setting compared with in high-income settings where surgical rates exceed 11 000 per 100 000 population. POMR are high after exploratory laparotomy and caesarean section. Although very detailed, a larger study could be undertaken to investigate the situation in other settings. Underlying reasons leading to death and quality of surgical care should be investigated further so that POMR can be reduced in this setting.
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60.
  • Melder, Cecilia A, T.Dr. 1966-, et al. (författare)
  • Validating WHOQOL-SRPB in Sweden : instrument adaption for measuring existential aspects of health-related quality of life [HRQL] in secular contexts
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Quality of Life Research. - : Springer. - 0962-9343 .- 1573-2649. ; 25, s. 100-100
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Aims: To present the validation process of WHOQOL-SRPB andWHOQOL-SRPB BREF in Sweden, one of the most secular countriesin the world though multi-religious, thus emphasising the need forprerequisite adjustments for cultural validation of the spirituality,religiousness and personal beliefs facets [SRPB].Methods: Theprocess adopted here follows WHO guidelines for translation andadaptation of instruments: Forward and Back translation, Pre-testing,Cognitive Interviewing, and Final version. Four bilingually and biculturallyexperienced researchers worked in two groups, comprisingexperience of either the Swedish translation of WHOQOL-100, -Brefand -OLD, or research into existential public health. Based on initialindependent translations from each, a final version was then developedthrough consensus translation, which was then back-translated.A pre-testing phase was conducted with individuals representingdifferent religious and non-religious worldviews. The final Swedishversion was completed by 170 persons, aging between 21 and 89(m = 46.6), with 105 women, and comprising both ‘‘healthy’’ individualsand individuals with mental health or somatic issues.Results:It was found that the instruction and particularly SRPB items thatused religious terminology needed adjustment. For example, ‘‘Spiritualbeing’’ was replaced with ‘‘Spiritual dimension’’, ‘‘Belief’’ with‘‘Your belief/idea’’, and ‘‘higher and more powerful’’ (instructiontext) was translated to ‘‘force/power/dimension’’. The pre- test resultswere useful in this process, especially qualitative information fromindividuals representing secular existential worldviews includingdifferent philosophical and political traditions. The internal consistencyreliability of the overall SRPB-module was high (alpha = .97)as well as for the 8 facets (alpha ranging .80–.97). Test- retest(n = 19) showed r = .83 (p\.01). There were strong correlationsbetween all facets, the overall SRPB-module, and the overall qualityof life general health perceptions. No difference was found betweenwomen and men in the overall SRPB-module but in the ‘‘Connect’’facet, women scored higher (p = .02) whereas in ‘‘Peace’’ menscored higher (p = .04).Conclusions: The significance found throughusing existing translation/adaption guidelines, confirms that not onlyis it possible, but also relevant to include culturally validated existentialaspects in studies of HRQL even in contexts that are largelysecular.
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