| 241. |
- Mejia, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Adapting the AcciMap for an Analysis of Maritime Security Incidents
- 2007
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Ingår i: Interaction of Science, Technology and Engineering. - 9787801446824 ; , s. 333-337
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to: (1) identify some of the active and latent conditions that allow maritime security incidents to occur, and (2) explore the feasibility of adapting the Rasmussen-Svedung AcciMap as a tool for maritime security management. These twin objectives are pursued by applying concepts and principles, propounded by Rasmussen and Svedung, to a case study of the 1999 hijacking of the Alondra Rainbow. The case study is based on information gathered from official and journalistic investigations conducted into the incident. As its preliminary result, this study presents a SecInciMap of the Alondra Rainbow hijacking which helps identify some of the conditions relevant to the hijacking of ships; supports the SecInciMap’s feasibility; but which raises questions as to how readily adaptable safety and risk management concepts can be in the context of security.
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| 242. |
- Mejia, Max, et al.
(författare)
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The ISM code in the context of Swedish port state control statistics
- 2007
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Ingår i: Ocean Yearbook. - 0191-8575. ; 21, s. 405-426
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the results of a study evaluating the International Safety Management (ISM) Code’s effects on vessel performance in port state control (PSC) inspections in Swedish ports. PSC statistics are compared and analyzed between vessels that were required to implement the Code by 1998 and vessels that were not. Additionally, the results of a survey and interviews of Swedish PSC inspectors are considered and discussed. The paper concludes that a number of indicators suggest that ISM has the potential to positively impact vessel performance in PSC inspections.
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| 243. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 244. |
- Nelson, J William, et al.
(författare)
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Aerosol Composition Studies Using Accelerator Proton Bombardment
- 1974
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Ingår i: Proceedings of "Third Conference on Application of Small Accelerators". ; 1, s. 139-147
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The proton beam of the Florida State University Tandem Van de Graaff Accelerator is being used to make quantitative determinations of the composition of particulate matter found in the atmosphere. Proton scattering using 16 MeV incident particle energy is employed to resolve the light elements (up to Cl), while elements Al and heavier are observed via proton induced X-ray emission analysis. In order to realize advantages of these proton excited analyses, specialized techniques are used, such as the use of uniform beams which entirely cover the area of targets of non-uniform areal density. Also, specialized air sampling equipment has been built to take advantage of the small size of samples required for proton induced analyses. The multielement character, ease of automation, and short time (several minutes) needed for analysis make these techniques attractive from the standpoint of analysis cost per sample.
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| 245. |
- Nelson, J William, et al.
(författare)
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Automatic Time Sequence Filter Sampling of Aerosols for Rapid Multi-Element Analysis by Proton-Induced X-Ray Emission
- 1976
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Ingår i: Advances in X-Ray Analysis. ; 19, s. 403-413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An automatic time sequence filter sampler has been developed for atmospheric aerosol particle sampling of ambient air and subsequent analysis for elemental composition using the proton beam of a Van de Graaff accelerator. Some features of the operation of the sampler are given, the retention of particles by the filter material are discussed, examples of the type of data obtained are presented, and some approaches to the numerical analysis of data for environmental interpretation are considered. Lines for further development and improvement in this type of sampler are indicated.
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| 246. |
- Nordström, Klas, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Air Humidification on the Sick Building Syndrome and Perceived Indoor Air Quality in Hospitals: a Four Month Longitudinal Study
- 1994
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Ingår i: Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : BMJ. - 1470-7926 .- 1351-0711. ; 51:10, s. 683-688
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sensation of dryness and irritation is essential in the sick building syndrome (SBS), and such symptoms are common in both office and hospital employees. In Scandinavia, the indoor relative humidity in well ventilated buildings is usually in the range 10-35% in winter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of steam air humidification on SBS and perceived air quality during the heating season. The study base consisted of a dynamic population of 104 hospital employees, working in four new and well ventilated geriatric hospital units in southern Sweden. Air humidification raised the relative air humidity to 40-45% in two units during a four months period, whereas the other two units served as controls with relative humidity from 25-35%. Symptoms and perceived indoor air quality were measured before and after the study period by a standardised self administered questionnaire. The technical measurements comprised room temperature, air humidity, static electricity, exhaust air flow, aerosols, microorganisms, and volatile organic compounds in the air. The most pronounced effect of the humidification was a significant decrease of the sensation of air dryness, static electricity, and airway symptoms. After four months of air humidification during the heating season, 24% reported a weekly sensation of dryness in humidified units, compared with 73% in controls. No significant changes in symptoms of SBS or perceived air quality over time were found in the control group. The room temperature in all units was between 21-23 degrees C, and no significant effect of air humidification on the air concentration of aerosols or volatile organic compounds was found. No growth of microorganisms was found in the supply air ducts, and no legionella bacteria were found in the supply water of the humidifier. Air humidification, however, significantly reduced the measured personal exposure to static electricity. It is concluded that air humidification during the heating season in colder climates can decrease symptoms of SBS and perception of dry air.
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| 247. |
- Nordström, Klas, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Indoor Air Quality and Personal Factors on the Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) in Swedish Geriatric Hospitals
- 1995
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Ingår i: Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : BMJ. - 1470-7926 .- 1351-0711. ; 52:3, s. 170-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES--Sick building syndrome (SBS) involves symptoms such as irritation to the eyes, skin, and upper airways, headache, and fatigue. The relations between such symptoms and both personal and environmental factors were studied in 225 female hospital workers, working in eight hospital units in the south of Sweden. METHODS--Symptoms of SBS and personal factors were measured by means of a standardised self administered questionnaire. The technical investigation comprised a building survey and measurements of room temperature, supply air temperature, air humidity, and exhaust air flow. RESULTS--The prevalence of symptoms differed from one unit to another. The mean value of weekly complaints of fatigue was 30%, of eye irritation 23%, and of dry facial skin 34%. Eye irritation was related to work stress, self reported exposure to static electricity, and was also more common in buildings with a high ventilation flow and a high noise level (55 dB(A)) from the ventilation system. Nasal symptoms were related to asthma and hay fever only. Throat symptoms were more common in smokers, subjects with asthma or hay fever, new buildings, and in buildings with a high ventilation flow. Facial skin irritation was related to a lack of control of the work conditions, and was more common in new buildings, and buildings with a high ventilation flow and ventilation noise. General symptoms, such as headache and fatigue, were related to current smoking, asthma or hay fever, work dissatisfaction, and static electricity. CONCLUSION--As the prevalence of symptoms was high, there is a need to improve the indoor environment as well as the psychosocial environment in hospitals. These improvements could include a reduction of ventilation noise, minimised smoking, and improvements in the psychosocial climate. Further research is needed to identify indoor climatic factors that cause the increased prevalence of symptoms of SBS in new buildings.
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| 248. |
- Nordström, Klas, et al.
(författare)
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Subjective Indoor Air Quality in Hospitals - The Influence of Building Age, Ventilation Flow, and Personal Factors
- 1995
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Ingår i: Indoor Environment. ; 4:1, s. 37-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relationships between subjective perception of indoor air quality, building characteristics, indoor exposures, and personal factors were studied in 225 female Swedish hospital workers. The prevalence of weekly complaints to do with dry air was 87% for air dryness, and 36% for static electricity. Such com plaints were more common in new and well ventilated buildings. The sensa tion of air dryness was also more common in buildings with damp concrete slabs. In contrast, complaints about odours and stuffy air were most prevalent in old buildings with a poor outdoor air supply, and not related to building dampness. Complaints about odour were, however, more common in build ings with higher relative air humidity. Complaints of noise were related to measured noise (55 dB(A)) from the ventilation system. The high complaint rate, particularly of dry air, shows a need to improve the indoor environment in hospitals.
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| 249. |
- Odenrick, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous Improvements at Work - a Programme in an Inter-Disciplinary Research Centre on Humans, Technology and Change at Work
- 1996
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Ingår i: Human Factors in Organizational Design and Management - V. ; , s. 489-492
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this programme is to contribute to the scientific and practical knowledge about continuous improvements (CI) at work. Some of the principles of CI like: the emphasis on small and incremental changes, the use of structured tools for problem-solving and the monitoring of improvements, and the responsibility of operative personnel for the CI activity rather than experts and task-forces, are combined with methods and principles from Scandinavian research about work environments, participation and workteams.
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| 250. |
- Orsini, Celso Q, et al.
(författare)
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Variation of Elemental Composition with Particle Size in the St. Louis Aerosol
- 1977
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 142:1-2, s. 91-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Detailed particle size distribution of elemental constituents have been determined in the St. Louis aerosol by sampling with cascade impactors for particles >0.25 μm aerodynamic diameter and by analyzing using proton-induced X-ray emission, PIXE, for S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Zn, Br, and Pb. Two rooftop sites were selected for intensive sampling in industrial and residential locations in St. Louis during February 1974, every 12 h for a 7 d period which included clear, rainy, and snowy weather regimes. The data could be compared with the results of a similar study of the St. Louis aerosol during August 1973 when the weather was generally warm and without rain. Both data sets could also be compared with results of studies of Tallahassee, situated in coastal north Florida, and the north Atlantic marine atmosphere of Bermuda. Although variation in elemental concentrations and their size distributions were observed which could be associated with local weather conditions during the February sampling period, the data set was sufficiently large for meaningful average characteristics to be computed. As examples, two elements of pollution importance, sulfur and iron, show the following comparison between St. Louis and the Florida and Atlantic locations: Sulfur in all data sets was most abundant in the smallest particle size classes. Winter and summer concentration in St. Louis air were the same within a factor of two but generally exceeded north Florida concentrations. Bermuda concentrations were intermediate between St. Louis and north Florida, except for largest particles where sea spray derived material was present. The results reflect the importance of gas phase conversion to particulate forms of sulfur, e.g. sulfate, in all three locations. Iron concentrations in St. Louis generally exceeded those in north Florida for smallest particles and to a lesser extent for larger sizes. Concentrations in Bermuda were about 10-fold lower than in St. Louis for all particle sizes. The results reflect the terrestrial dust origin of iron and also suggest that iron is partially pollution-derived in the St. Louis atmosphere, especially in smaller size ranges.
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