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Sökning: swepub > Umeå universitet > Refereegranskat > Högskolan i Gävle

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61.
  • Aasa, Ulrika, et al. (författare)
  • The impact of object size and precision demands on fatigue during computer mouse use
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Advances in Physiotherapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1403-8196 .- 1651-1948. ; 13:3, s. 118-127
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Prolonged computer use, especially if fatigue ensues, is associated with visual and musculoskeletal symptoms. The aim was to determine the time-course of perceived fatigue in the wrist, forearm, shoulder and eyes during a 60-min mouse task (painting rectangles), and whether object size and/or mouse use demands were of infl uence. Also, we investigated performance (number of rectangles painted), and whether perceived fatigue was paralleled by local muscle fatigue or tissue oxygenation.Ten women performed the task for three conditions (crossover design). At condition 1, rectangles were 45 25 mm, square paint cursor size 1.3 1.3 mm, and mouse – pointer movement ratio 1:26. At condition 2, the same cursor size and mouse – pointer movement ratio was used, but rectangles were smaller. At condition 3, the smaller rectangles were used, but the cursor size was also smaller and mouse – pointer movement ratio was 1:8. The results showed increased self-reported fatigue over time, with the observed increase greater for the eyes, but no change in physiological responses. Condition 2 resulted in higher performance and increased eye fatigue. Perceived fatigue in the muscles or physiological responses did not differ between conditions. In conclusion, computer work tasks imposing high visual and motor demands, and with high performance, seemed to have an infl uence on eye fatigue.
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64.
  • Andersson, Katarina, 1963-, et al. (författare)
  • Challenges in Elderly Night-Time Care : Dignity 24 Hours a Day in Swedish Elderly Home Care Services?
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Innovation in Aging. - : Oxford University Press. - 2399-5300. ; 1:Suppl 1, s. 302-302
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The research study explores a large knowledge gap within Swedish elderly care – namely the challenges of within home care services at night. Despite that home care services is the most common support given to the elderly in Sweden. The few National and International studies that exist on night-time care, have focused on residential care facilities for the elderly. Therefore, focus here is on night-time care in their own homes, given by the night patrol – which we know very little about.In the last decades, organizational transformation has taken place within elderly care towards increased rationalization and marketization. Along with demographical changes, this raises questions of dignified care, equal social rights and access to care. As the elderly are living longer and living in their own homes with severe disability and vulnerability, the pressure on home care services will increase – including at night. Dignity in care has been legislated in the Swedish Social Services Act, but is vaguely implemented, specifically at night.Discussed are results of an interview survey with managers responsible for night-time home care services in 50 Swedish municipalities. How night-time care is organized varies depending on local governance, location and size of municipalities. This indicates challenges for equal access to care, depending on where you live. Care workers experience time pressure at night with many fragile elderly in need of care. How efforts to secure dignity and safety for older people varies over night is therefore important to reveal, not the least from a social equality perspective.
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65.
  • Andersson, Katarina, 1963-, et al. (författare)
  • Swedish eldercare within home care services at night-time : perceptions and expressions of 'good care' from the perspective of care workers and care unit managers
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Nordic Social Work Research. - : Routledge. - 2156-857X .- 2156-8588. ; 12:5, s. 640-653
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article aims to explore and analyse how good and dignified care is perceived and expressed at night-time within elder home care services, in which night-time care represents a knowledge gap. Dignity has become a legislated value in Swedish eldercare, aiming to increase the quality of care and to clarify the ethical values of everyday care practice. The data presented here come from a qualitative case study with in-depth interviews with six care unit managers and 14 care workers in four municipalities. The analysis of the interviewees’ perceptions and expressions of good care were informed by Nodding’s concepts: responsiveness, receptivity, and relatedness. The results showed that there was a relative unawareness of the new goals of the dignity policy and there was no specific guidance regarding dignity during night-time care. The care unit managers’ perspective was mainly administrative and related to the policy level and the staff’s ability to care. The care workers’ view of good and dignified care included aspects of ideal characteristics and user-centredness with a focus on older people’s individual needs. However, good care was conditioned by time. The dignity policy, as described in national documents, was perceived by the interviewees as vague and with unreachable goals constructed on the structural level. In social care practice, however, expressions of good and dignified care were already found in care ethics, regardless of the dignity policy. By bringing relationality to the dignity discourse on the structural policy level, recognition of care may be emphasized.
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66.
  • Andersson, Linus, et al. (författare)
  • Chemosensory perception, symptoms and autonomic responses during chemical exposure in multiple chemical sensitivity
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 89:1, s. 79-88
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a prevalent medically unexplained symptom characterized by symptom reactions to everyday chemical exposure below hygienic thresholds. The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions of hyper-reactivity in MCS during whole-body exposure to low concentrations of the odorant n-butanol.Methods: We exposed 18 participants with MCS and 18 non-ill controls to a low concentration of the odorantn-butanol using an exposure chamber. The first 10 min constituted blank exposure, after which then-butanol concentration increased and reached a plateau at 11.5 mg/m3.Results: MCS participants, compared with controls, reported greater perceived odor intensities, more unpleasantness to the exposure and increasing symptoms over time. MCS participants also expressed higher pulse rate and lower pulse rate variability than controls did. No group differences were found for breathing rate or tonic electrodermal activity responses.Conclusions: We conclude that MCS sufferers differ from healthy controls in terms of autonomic responses, symptoms and chemosensory perception during chemical exposure.
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67.
  • Andersson, Linus, et al. (författare)
  • Short-term olfactory sensitization involves brain networks relevant for pain, and indicates chemical intolerance
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: International journal of hygiene and environmental health (Print). - : Elsevier. - 1438-4639 .- 1618-131X. ; 220:2, s. 503-509
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Chemical intolerance is a medically unexplained affliction that implies deleterious reactions to non-toxic everyday chemical exposure. Sensitization (i.e. increased reactivity to repeated, invariant stimulation) to odorous stimulation is an important component in theoretical explanations of chemical intolerance, but empirical evidence is scarce. We hypothesized that (1) individuals who sensitize to repeated olfactory stimulation, compared with those who habituate, would express a lower blood oxygenated level dependent (BOLD) response in key inhibitory areas such as the rACC, and higher signal in pain/saliency detection regions, as well as primary and/or secondary olfactory projection areas; and (2) olfactory sensitization, compared with habituation, would be associated with greater self-reported chemical intolerance. More-over, we assessed whether olfactory sensitization was paralleled by comparable trigeminal processing - in terms of perceptual ratings and BOLD responses. We grouped women from a previous functional magnetic imaging study based on intensity ratings of repeated amyl acetate exposure over time. Fourteen women sensitized to the exposure, 15 habituated, and 20 were considered "intermediate" (i.e. neither sensitizers nor habituaters). Olfactory sensitizers, compared with habituaters, displayed a BOLD-pattern in line with the hypothesis, and reported greater problems with odours in everyday life. They also expressed greater reactions to CO2 in terms of both perceived intensity and BOLD signal. The similarities with pain are discussed.
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68.
  • Arumugam, Ashokan, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of neuromuscular training on knee proprioception in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament injury : A systematic review and GRADE evidence synthesis
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 11:5
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: To systematically review and summarise the evidence for the effects of neuromuscular training compared with any other therapy (conventional training/sham) on knee proprioception following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.Design: Systematic Review.Data sources: PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, AMED, Scopus and Physical Education Index were searched from inception to February 2020.Eligibility criteria: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials investigating the effects of neuromuscular training on knee-specific proprioception tests following a unilateral ACL injury were included.Data extraction and synthesis: Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data and assessed risk of bias of the eligible studies using the Cochrane risk of bias 2 tool. Overall certainty in evidence was determined using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool.Results: Of 2706 articles retrieved, only 9 RCTs, comprising 327 individuals with an ACL reconstruction (ACLR), met the inclusion criteria. Neuromuscular training interventions varied across studies: whole body vibration therapy, Nintendo-Wii-Fit training, balance training, sport-specific exercises, backward walking, etc. Outcome measures included joint position sense (JPS; n=7), thresholds to detect passive motion (TTDPM; n=3) or quadriceps force control (QFC; n=1). Overall, between-group mean differences indicated inconsistent findings with an increase or decrease of errors associated with JPS by ≤2°, TTDPM by ≤1.5° and QFC by ≤6 Nm in the ACLR knee following neuromuscular training. Owing to serious concerns with three or more GRADE domains (risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness or imprecision associated with the findings) for each outcome of interest across studies, the certainty of evidence was very low.Conclusions: The heterogeneity of interventions, methodological limitations, inconsistency of effects (on JPS/TTDPM/QFC) preclude recommendation of one optimal neuromuscular training intervention for improving proprioception following ACL injury in clinical practice. There is a need for methodologically robust RCTs with homogenous populations with ACL injury (managed conservatively or with reconstruction), novel/well-designed neuromuscular training and valid proprioception assessments, which also seem to be lacking.PROSPERO registration number CRD42018107349.
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69.
  • Aslan, Pinar, et al. (författare)
  • Door openers? Public officials as supportive actors in the labour market participation of descendants of immigrants in Sweden
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Nordic Social Work Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2156-857X .- 2156-8588. ; 11:3, s. 199-212
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to examine how employed descendants of immigrants in Sweden perceive that interactions with public officials have benefitted their occupational aspirations and attainments. We conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews with twelve female and nine male descendants of immigrants, followed by an abductive thematic analysis. Applying a theoretical framework of social capital, we found three main influences of public officials from respondents’ perspectives: 1) connectedness, 2) supporting personal goals and focusing on possibilities, and 3) mediation of knowledge and information. We discuss and analyse the symbolic resources deriving from these influences, e.g. increased motivation and self-belief, and conceptualize these resources as social capital contributing to the occupational aspirations and attainments of immigrants’ descendants.
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70.
  • Aslan, Pinar, 1986-, et al. (författare)
  • 'Kids' in between? : Views on work, gender, and family arrangements among men and women of migrant descent in Sweden
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Community, Work and Family. - : Routledge. - 1366-8803 .- 1469-3615. ; 24:5, s. 586-602
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study used qualitative interviews to explore perceptions of labour market participation in relation to gender norms and parenting ideals among employed Swedish men and women of migrant descent. Using an abductive thematic approach, we demonstrate how the respondents viewed labour market participation from different perspectives. The females saw it as a source of emancipation, whereas the men primarily viewed it as a means of providing for a current/future family. While our respondents depicted themselves as dedicated to social norms of gender equality, they expressed gender-biased views on work and family. The respondents' immigrant heritage also influenced their views on labour market participation, gender and family. Gender inequalities in the parental generation motivated them to arrange their work and family lives differently, and the Swedish social and political context offered them incentives and opportunities to be more gender-equal than their parents. We view and analyse these findings from a life course-perspective, showing how cultural and contextual influences affect respondents' perspectives on work and family arrangements.
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