| 1. |
- Michaelson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Factors predicting pain reduction in chronic back and neck pain after multimodal treatment.
- 2004
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Ingår i: The Clinical Journal of Pain. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0749-8047 .- 1536-5409. ; 20:6, s. 447-454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To determine whether treatment related pain reduction on the short- and long-term is predicted by different baseline variables, and with different accuracy, in patients with chronic low back pain as compared with those with chronic neck pain. DESIGN AND METHODS: A single blinded prospective cohort study based on patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain in the lower back (N = 167) or the neck (N = 136) who completed a 4-week multimodal rehabilitation program. At admission, each patient was evaluated on 17 potential predictors, including pain characteristics and physical, sociodemographic, and psychosocial-behavioral variables. Changes in self-reported pain intensity in the lower back or the neck between the pretreatment evaluation and those performed immediately after, and 12 months after the rehabilitation program, were assessed. RESULTS: Logistic regression models revealed that change in pain intensity could be predicted with good specificity but with poor sensitivity both for patients with chronic low back pain and chronic neck pain. Significant predictors among the neck pain patients were high endurance, low age, high pain intensity, few other symptoms, low need of being social, to do things with others, and to be helped, along with optimistic attitudes on how the pain will interfere with daily life. Among the low back pain patients, high pain intensity, low levels of pain severity, and high affective distress were important predictors. Variables such as sex, sick leave history, working status, accident, pain duration, and depressive symptoms demonstrated no predictive value. Short- and long-term pain outcome was equally predictable and predicted by almost the same variables. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who reported unchanged or increased pain after multimodal treatment could be predicted with good accuracy, whereas those who reported decreased pain were more difficult to identify. Treatment-related pain alteration in chronic low back pain seems to be predicted by partly different variables than in chronic neck pain.
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| 2. |
- Barnekow-Bergkvist, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Prediction of development of fatigue during a simulated ambulance work task from physical performance tests.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0014-0139 .- 1366-5847. ; 47:11, s. 1238-1250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study were (1) to identify which physical performance tests could best explain the development of fatigue during a simulated ambulance work task, (2) to investigate the effect of height and weight and (3) to investigate in what respects these findings differ between female and male ambulance personnel. Forty-eight male and 17 female ambulance personnel completed a test battery assessing cardio-respiratory capacity, muscular strength and endurance, and co-ordination. The subjects also completed a simulated ambulance work task -- carrying a loaded stretcher. The work task was evaluated by development of fatigue. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were used to investigate to what extent the tests in the test battery were able to explain the variance of developed fatigue. The explained variance was higher for female than for male ambulance personnel (time > 70% of HRpeak: R2 = 0.75 vs 0.10, accumulated lactate: R2 = 0.62 vs 0.42, perceived exertion: R2 = 0.75 vs 0.10). Significant predictors in the models were VO2max, isometric back endurance, one-leg rising, isokinetic knee flexion and shoulder extension strength. Height, but not weight, could further explain the variance. The high physical strain during carrying the loaded stretcher implies the importance of investigating whether improved performance, matching the occupational demands, could decrease the development of fatigue during strenuous tasks.
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| 3. |
- Björklund, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Muscle stretch-induced modulation of noxiously activated dorsal horn neurons of feline spinal cord.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Neuroscience research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-0102 .- 1872-8111. ; 48:2, s. 175-184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present work was designed to check for the possibility of interactions between mechanical innocuous and chemically induced noxious muscle afferent inputs on discharge behavior of nociceptive superficial dorsal horn neurons (SDHNs) of the spinal cord in decerebrated cats. The innocuous and noxious stimuli were applied separately and in combination, so that the effects of the innocuous stimulus on nociceptive processing could be evaluated. The innocuous stimulus consisted of ramp-and-hold stretches of the gastrocnemius muscles, whereas the noxious stimulus consisted of i.a. injections of bradykinin (BK; 0.5-1 ml, 50 microg/ml) into the arterial circulation of same muscles. Only neurons up to approximately 1mm depth and those that responded to noxious pinch of the gastrocnemius muscles were selected for further analysis. The activity of 16 dorsal horn neurons was recorded extracellularly with high-impedance glass microelectrodes, out of which seven responded to stretch, while 12 neurons responded to bradykinin injections. The bradykinin injections induced three types of responses: excitatory, inhibitory and mixed. The majority of the neurons that showed excitatory and mixed responses to bradykinin were also influenced by stretches applied directly after the bradykinin injection. In these neurons, the stretch usually counteracted the bradykinin-induced response, i.e. shortening and reducing bradykinin-induced excitation and re-exciting the cells after bradykinin-induced inhibition. The mechanism of the stretch modulation is proposed to reside in a segmental spinal control of the nociceptive transmission.
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| 4. |
- Daerga, Laila, et al.
(författare)
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Work-related musculoskeletal pain among reindeer herding Sami in Sweden : a pilot study on causes and prevention
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 63 Suppl 2, s. 343-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To investigate the prevalence and to identify causes of musculoskeletal pain (MSP) among reindeer herding Sami, and to evaluate the impact on the MSP symptoms elicited by an intervention-pre- vention programme (lP programme). Study Design. A prospective cohort study in which alterations in MSP symptoms were documented over a two-year period. Methods. Data were collected from 51 rein- deer herders (26 men, 25 w omen) before and af ter a two-year lP programme. Information on MSP cha- racteristics (affected body regions, pain duration and pain intensity) and exposure to a number of phy- sical and psychosocial risk factors were collected as part of comprehensive health examinations. Cli- nical examinations and interviews complemented self-reported data collected through questionnaires. Results. MSP symptoms were prevalent, both among w omen and men. High exposure to physical risk factors, to a large extent related to extensive use of snowmobiles and motorcycles, was the main cau- se of MSP among men, while psychosocial risk factors were suggested to be more important among wo- men. About one-third of the reindeer herders reported fewer MSP symptoms as a resull of the lP programme. Conclusions. This pilot study suggests that it is possible to reduce the number and the se- verity of the MSP symptoms among reindeer herders by implementing suitably tailored intervention- prevention measures.
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| 5. |
- Edin-Liljegren, A, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases among Swedish Sami : a controlled cohort study
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 63:Suppl 2, s. 292-297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the occurrence of clinical, psychosocial and behavioural risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among reindeer herding (RS) and non-reindeer herding Sami (NRS). STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study, comparing risk factors behind CVD between Sami and non-Sami, RS and NRS, and Sami men and women. METHODS: A cohort of 611 Swedish Sami (276 men and 335 women) was constructed from national population registers. A twice as large control cohort of non-Sami was created, matched by age, gender and area of residence. Information on risk factors was obtained from a database containing clinical and psychosocial-behavioural data from a regional CVD preventive programme for the period 1990-2001. RESULTS: The Sami and the non-Sami showed similar risk factor patterns. The main differences were related to working conditions and lifestyle factors of the RS. The RS men had lower blood pressure, were more physically active and had higher job demand and decision latitude. The RS women showed more negative scores on the indices of the job strain model. CONCLUSIONS: Previously reported differences in CVD mortality between Sami and non-Sami, and Sami men and women, can only partly be explained by different exposure to the psychosocial and behaviour risk factors investigated in this study.
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Per-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Deranged jaw-neck motor control in whiplash-associated disorders
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oral Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 112:1, s. 25-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent findings of simultaneous and well coordinated head-neck movements during single as well as rhythmic jaw opening-closing tasks has led to the conclusion that 'functional jaw movements' are the result of activation of jaw as well as neck muscles, leading to simultaneous movements in the temporomandibular, atlanto-occipital and cervical spine joints. It can therefore be assumed that disease or injury to any of these joint systems would disturb natural jaw function. To test this hypothesis, amplitudes, temporal coordination, and spatiotemporal consistency of concomitant mandibular and head-neck movements during single maximal jaw opening-closing tasks were analysed in 25 individuals suffering from whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) using optoelectronic movement recording technique. In addition, the relative durations for which the head position was equal to, leading ahead of, or lagging behind the mandibular position during the entire jaw opening-closing cycle were determined. Compared with healthy individuals, the WAD group showed smaller amplitudes, and changed temporal coordination between mandibular and head-neck movements. No divergence from healthy individuals was found for the spatiotemporal consistency or for the analysis during the entire jaw opening-closing cycle. These findings in the WAD group of a 'faulty', but yet consistent, jaw-neck behavior may reflect a basic importance of linked control of the jaw and neck sensory-motor systems. In conclusion, the present results suggest that neck injury is associated with deranged control of mandibular and head-neck movements during jaw opening-closing tasks, and therefore might compromise natural jaw function.
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| 7. |
- Hassler, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Fatal accidents and suicide among reindeer-herding Sami in Sweden
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 63 Suppl 2, s. 384-388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Over the last decades, reindeer-herding management has experienced drarnatic changes, e.g. increased motorization and socio-econornic pressure. The airn of the present study was to investigate whether these changes have increased the risk of fatal, work-related accidents and suicide between 1961 and 2000. Study design and methods. A c oh ort containing 7,482 members of reindeer-herding Sami families was extracted from national population registers. Information on fatal accidents and suicide was obtained from the Swedish Causes of Death Register, and compared to the expected number of deaths in a dernographica11y matched control population of non-Sami. Results. The ffiale reindeer her- ding Sami showed a significantly increased risk of dying from accidents such as vehicle accidents and poisoning. No significant increased risk of suicide was observed. A comparison between the periods of 1961-1980 and 1981- 2000 showed non-significant differences in risk, although a trend towards incre- ased risks was observed for most types of external causes of death except suicide. Conclusions. It is suggested that the increased socio-econornic pressure and the extensive use of terrain vehicles have increased the risk for fatal accidents arnong Swedish reindeer herders, and that commercial reindeer ma- nagement is one of the most dangerous occupations in Sweden
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| 8. |
- Häggman-Henrikson, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Endurance during chewing in whiplash-associated disorders and TMD.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Dental Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0022-0345 .- 1544-0591. ; 83:12, s. 946-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously shown an association between ncck injury and disturbed jaw function. This study tested the hypothesis of a relationship between neck injury and impaired endurance during chewing. Fifty patients with whiplash-associated disorders (\VAD) were compared with 50 tcmporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients and 50 healthy subjects. Endurance was evaluated during unilateral chewing of gum for 5 min when participants reported fatigue and pain. Whereas aH healthy suhjects complcted the task, 1/4 of the TMD and a majority of the \VAD patients discontinued the task. A majority of the WAD patients also reported fatigue and paln. These ndings suggest an association between neck injury and reduced functional capacity of the jaw motor system. From the results, we propose that routinc cxamination of ‘VAD patients should include jaw function and that an endurance test as described in this study could also be a useful tool for nondental professionals.
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| 9. |
- Häggman-Henrikson, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Head movements during chewing : relation to size and texture of bolus.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Dental Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0022-0345 .- 1544-0591. ; 83:11, s. 864-868
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coordinated manibular and head-neck movements during jaw opening-closing activities suggest a close functionallinkage between the jaw (Th and the neck regions. The present study al., investigated whether size and texture of bolus can texl intluence head-neck behavior during chewing. Ho' Using an optoelectronic 3-D recording technique, et , we analyzed concomitant mandibular and head- and neck movements in 12 healthy adults chewing small (3 g) and large (9 g) boluses of chewing resl gum and Optosil. The main finding was a head sim extension during chewing, the amount of which cer' was related mainly to bolus size. Furthermore, suc each chewing cycle was accompanied not only by ya" mandibular movements, but a1so by head mol extension-flexion movements. Larger head the movement amplitudes were correlated with larger but size and, to some extent, also with harder texture yet of the bolus. The results suggest that head-neck of t behavior during chewing is modulated in response acCI to changes in jaw sensory-motor input.
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| 10. |
- Kalezic, Ivana, et al.
(författare)
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Distinctive pattern of c-fos expression in the feline cervico-lumbar spinal cord after stimulation of vanilloid receptors in dorsal neck muscles
- 2004
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Ingår i: Neuroscience Letters. - Amsterdam : Elsevier Science. - 0304-3940 .- 1872-7972. ; 364:2, s. 94-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, c-fos expression in the spinal cord has been used as a marker of neuronal activation induced by capsaicin-sensitive sensory afferents from the dorsal neck muscles in cats (n = 6). The number of Fos-immunoreactive neurons, which were revealed using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method, was significantly increased in the cervical and lumbar spinal cord. In contrast to the control group (n = 3), 2 h after intramuscular capsaicin injection, c-fos expression was more extensive ipsilaterally to the injected side in the C3-C6 segments, and bilaterally in the L4-L6 segments. Most labeled neurons in the cervical spinal cord were small and giant cells, predominantly located in the middle and lateral parts of lamina I and, additionally, at the neck of the dorsal horn (lamina V), i.e., within the zones of termination of high-threshold muscle afferents. The widespread distribution of labeled cells throughout the cervical cord within the intermediate zone (lamina VII) coincided with the sites of last-order premotor interneurons and cells of origin of long crossed and uncrossed descending propriospinal pathways to the lumbar spinal cord. These findings suggest possible mechanisms for spreading of nociceptive signals between cervical and lumbar regions.
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