| 41. |
- Bourbour, Maryam, 1977-
(författare)
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Digital technologies in preschool education : The interplay between interactive whiteboards and teachers' teaching practices
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is aimed at exploring the ways in which a digital technology, the interactive whiteboard (IWB), interplays with preschool teachers’ teaching practices. In the literature and ongoing debates there are different claims about if and how digital technologies can contribute to children’s development and solving preschool educational challenges. The ways children learn from and by digital technologies have been widely studied, however, there is relatively little research on how digital technologies interplay with teachers’ teaching. Correspondingly, the approach taken here to the ways in which digital technologies contribute to early childhood education is based on preschool teachers’ practices and reasonings.In particular the focus is placed on the following research questions. How do preschool teachers reason about the embedding of IWB into their teaching practices? How do preschool teachers use IWB to structure their teaching practices? How do preschool teachers scaffold children’s learning processes in a context where IWB is used? How do IWBs mediate teaching actions? and What is privileged in the IWB-mediated teaching actions?To address these research questions, three sets of empirical data have been collected. These datasets, including interviews with preschool teachers and video observations of their teaching using IWB, were collected in 2012-2013 within the frame of the licentiate thesis and in late 2017 and early 2018 within the framework of the PhD thesis. Analytically, the study is built on a sociocultural perspective that assumes that learning is a constant social process.The findings of this study provide empirical knowledge regarding how preschool teachers reason about their use of IWB in teaching. The findings of the study, further, show that preschool teachers use diverse strategies to structure their teaching practice using the opportunities that IWB offers. The teachers’ use of IWBs exemplifies the ways they take into account the available technological features to support children’s learning within their ZPD.In its identification of scaffolding actions, this study provides rich details about how preschool teachers use a particular digital technology, IWB, in their teaching to support children’s learning and development. Scaffolding is seen as a collaborative process where preschool teachers’ active participation and emotional support plays an important role in fulfilling the given practices, and leads children’s learning to a higher level. By exploring how teachers’ teaching actions are meditated by the mediational aspects of IWB and what is privileged in the IWB-mediated teaching actions, the current study, moreover, contributes to mapping the desirable or undesirable consequences of using digital technologies in early childhood education. It also exemplifies how the use of IWB interplays with preschoolt eachers’ teaching practices.The new dimensions to scaffolding theory constructed in this thesis, further, contribute to expanding of Wood et al. (1976) theory. This can have significance for other studies using digital technologies in educational settings and can contribute to early childhood education, since early interventions, such as the ways preschool teachers support children, are particularly crucial for a child’s learning and their development later on in life.
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| 42. |
- Bourbour, Maryam, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of interactive whiteboard in Swedish preschool practices
- 2015
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Ingår i: Early Child Development and Care. - : Routledge. - 0300-4430 .- 1476-8275. ; 185:1, s. 100-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims at exploring the roles preschool teachers give technologies in mathematics education and the ways they structure their mathematics learning activities using interactive whiteboard (IWB) as a technological artefact. Data collected from observations of three preschool teachers embedding IWB in a preschool practice in Sweden provided the primary data sources. The findings suggest that the use of IWB in preschool can be viewed as 'Multisensory resources to engage young children's reasoning', 'Challenging young children to engage in problem-solving activities' and 'Taking the child's interest as a point of departure'. This study also highlights the importance of preschool teachers' pedagogical and technological knowledge that shape and mediate the ways they embed IWB in preschool pedagogical practices.
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| 43. |
- Bourbour, Maryam, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Preschool teachers’ reasoning about interactive whiteboard embedded in mathematics education in Swedish preschools
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nordisk Barnehageforskning. - : Høgskolen i Oslo og Akershus. - 1890-9167 .- 1890-9167. ; 7:2, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to investigate the ways in which teachers enact the interactive whiteboard (IWB) in Swedish preschools in relation to preschool children’s mathematical learning. Data collected from interviews with four preschool teachers have provided the opportunity to consider the potential of IWB to facilitate a creative approach to young children’s mathematics education. The findings suggest that IWB use in preschool is mostly viewed as “Space for children to involve in problem-solving situations”, “Supporting collaborative learning and mutual negotiation”, “Goal-oriented mathematics learning facilitated by IWB” and “Retaining children’s interest in learning activities”. This study also highlights the importance of teachers’ technological knowledge and skills in mediating the interaction and facilitating the use of IWB in preschool pedagogical practices.
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| 44. |
- Brännström, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Sexual knowledge in patients with a myocardial infarction and their partners
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0889-4655 .- 1550-5049. ; 29:4, s. 332-339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Sexual health and sexual activity are important elements of an individual's well-being. For couples, this topic is often affected after a myocardial infarction (MI). It has become increasingly clear that, after an MI, patients are insufficiently educated on how to resume normal sexual activity. However, sufficient data on the general knowledge that patients and partners have about sexual activity and MI are lacking.OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to explore and compare patients' and partners' sexual knowledge 1 month after a first MI and 1 year after the event and to compare whether the individual knowledge had changed over time. A second aim was to investigate whether patients and their partners report receiving information about sexual health and sexual activity from healthcare professionals during the first year after the event and how this information was perceived.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This descriptive, comparative survey study enrolled participants from 13 Swedish hospitals in 2007-2009. A total of 115 patients with a first MI and their partners answered the Sex After MI Knowledge Test questionnaire 1 month after the MI and 1 year after the event. Correct responses generated a maximum score of 75.RESULTS: Only 41% of patients and 31% of partners stated that they had received information on sex and relationships at the 1 year follow-up. The patients scored 51 ± 10 on the Sex After MI Knowledge Test at inclusion into the study, compared with the 52 ± 10 score for the partners. At the 1-year follow-up, the patients' knowledge had significantly increased to a score of 55 ± 7, but the partners' knowledge did not significantly change (53 ± 10).CONCLUSIONS: First MI patients and their partners reported receiving limited information about sexual issues during the cardiac rehabilitation and had limited knowledge about sexual health and sexual activity.
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| 45. |
- Bylund-Grenklo, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Dignity in life and care : The perspectives of Swedish patients in a palliative care context
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Palliative Nursing. - : MA Healthcare Ltd. - 1357-6321 .- 2052-286X. ; 25:4, s. 193-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: How patients preserve their sense of dignity in life is an important area of palliative care that remains to be explored. Aims: To describe patients' perspectives of what constitutes a dignified life within a palliative care context. Methods: Twelve palliative care patients were interviewed about their views on living with dignity. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: What constitutes a dignified life during end-of-life care was captured by the theme 'I may be ill but I am still a human being' and presented under the categories 'preserving my everyday life and personhood', 'having my human value maintained by others through 'coherence' and 'being supported by society at large'. Conclusion: Patients' sense of dignity can be preserved by their own attitudes and behaviours, by others and through public support. Health professionals need to adopt a dignity-conserving approach, for which awareness of their own attitudes and behaviours is crucial.
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| 46. |
- Crenshaw, Albert G., et al.
(författare)
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Reliability of near-infrared spectroscopy for measuring forearm and shoulder oxygenation in healthy males and females
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology. - : Springer. - 1439-6319 .- 1439-6327. ; 112:7, s. 2703-2715
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study determined the day-to-day reliability of NIRS-derived oxygenation responses (a dagger StO(2)%) for isometric contractions and for cuff occlusion. Twenty-four subjects (12 males and 12 females) were tested for 2 days (4-6 days interval). Variables generated were: (1) a dagger StO(2)% for isometric contractions (10, 30, 50 and 70% MVC) for descending trapezius (TD) and extensor carpi radialis (ECR) muscles; (2) slope changes in total haemoglobin (HbTslope) and deoxyhaemoglobin (HHbslope) for the ECR using upper arm venous (VO, 50 mmHg) and arterial occlusion (AO, 250 mmHg); (3) recovery slopes (Rslope) for oxygen saturation (StO(2)) following isometric contractions and AO. For each variable, an intraclass correlation (ICC) was calculated to assess the ability to differentiate between subjects, and limits of agreement (LOA) were computed to assess day-to-day consistency of the measurement. ICCs for Delta StO(2)% were lowest at 10% MVC for both ECR (0.58) and TD (0.55), and highest at 30% MVC for ECR (0.95) and at 70% MVC for TD (0.79). For both muscles, LOA for Delta StO(2)% was lowest at 10% and highest at 50 and 70% MVC. ICC for HbTslope was 0.17. For HHbslope ICC was higher for AO (0.83) than for VO (0.73), and LOA was lower for AO. For the ECR Rslope ICCs ranged from 0.88 to 0.90 for contraction, but was lower for AO (0.33); LOA was lowest at 70% MVC. For trapezius Rslope ICCs ranged from 0.63 to 0.73 and LOA was lowest at 30% MVC. For this study, establishing reliability data for the ECR and TD and including variables commonly reported are expected to have meaning for future NIRS studies of work-related upper-extremity pain as well as for other NIRS research and clinical applications.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Dahlberg, Mattias, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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General Report
- 2013
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Ingår i: The taxation of foreign passive income for groups of companies. - The Hague : Sdu Uitgevers bv. - 9789012390675 ; , s. 17-56, s. 1-34
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 49. |
- Dahlkvist, Eva, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Garden greenery and the health of older people in residential care facilities : a multi-level cross-sectional study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 72:9, s. 2065-2076
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To test the relationship between greenery in gardens at residential facilities for older people and the self-perceived health of residents, mediated by experiences of being away and fascination when in the garden and the frequency of visitation there. To examine how these indirect effects vary with the number of physical barriers to visiting the garden.Background: Many older people in residential facilities suffer from complex health problems. Access to a green outdoor environment may enable psychological distance, engage effortless attention, encourage more frequent visitation and promote resident health.Design: A multi-level, cross-sectional, correlational design.Methods: Questionnaires were administered June-August, 2011 to convenience samples of residents at 72 facilities for older people with complex healthcare needs. One to 10 eligible residents were sampled during self-motivated garden visits at each facility (n = 290). They reported on their garden experiences and health. Facility staff reported on objective garden characteristics and barriers to access. A serial mediation model was tested with multiple linear regression analysis.Results: The total indirect effect of greenery on self-perceived health was positive and significant. Garden greenery appears to affect health by enhancing a sense of being away, affording possibilities to experience the outdoor environment as interesting and encouraging visitation. Among residents in homes with multiple barriers, only fascination mediated the relationship between greenery and self-perceived health.Conclusion: Ample greenery in outdoor space at residential facilities for older people appears to promote experiences of being away and fascination, more frequent visitation and better health.
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| 50. |
- Dahlkvist, Eva, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Is there a caring perspective in garden/patio design in elderly care? : a description and a comparison of residents' and staff members' perceptions of these outdoor spaces
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Housing for the Elderly. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0276-3893 .- 1540-353X. ; 28:1, s. 85-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims to describe the characteristics of and design elements in gardens/patios at 87 residential living homes for older people and to describe and compare residents’ and staff members’ perceptions of outdoor spaces. The aim was also to investigate factors related to residents' satisfaction with and stays in the garden/patio. The result showed that many gardens/patios had several recommended design elements and, at the same time, obvious deficiencies. The residents (n = 415) valued various aspects of the garden/patio more highly than did the staff (n = 667). Managers responsible for residential living homes for elderly people should take measures to ameliorate deficiencies and deficient elements in design and accessibility that are lacking so that the garden/patio can be used as an important health promotion resource in the care of elderly people. Residents and staff are important actors in such development work.
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