| 41. |
- Abril, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Spherical Microaggregation : Anonymizing Sparse Vector Spaces
- 2015
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Ingår i: Computers & security (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0167-4048 .- 1872-6208. ; 49, s. 28-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unstructured texts are a very popular data type and still widely unexplored in the privacy preserving data mining field. We consider the problem of providing public information about a set of confidential documents. To that end we have developed a method to protect a Vector Space Model (VSM), to make it public even if the documents it represents are private. This method is inspired by microaggregation, a popular protection method from statistical disclosure control, and adapted to work with sparse and high dimensional data sets.
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| 42. |
- Abril, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Supervised Learning Using a Symmetric Bilinear Form for Record Linkage
- 2015
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Ingår i: Information Fusion. - : Elsevier. - 1566-2535 .- 1872-6305. ; 26, s. 144-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Record Linkage is used to link records of two different files corresponding to the same individuals. These algorithms are used for database integration. In data privacy, these algorithms are used to evaluate the disclosure risk of a protected data set by linking records that belong to the same individual. The degree of success when linking the original (unprotected data) with the protected data gives an estimation of the disclosure risk.In this paper we propose a new parameterized aggregation operator and a supervised learning method for disclosure risk assessment. The parameterized operator is a symmetric bilinear form and the supervised learning method is formalized as an optimization problem. The target of the optimization problem is to find the values of the aggregation parameters that maximize the number of re-identification (or correct links). We evaluate and compare our proposal with other non-parametrized variations of record linkage, such as those using the Mahalanobis distance and the Euclidean distance (one of the most used approaches for this purpose). Additionally, we also compare it with other previously presented parameterized aggregation operators for record linkage such as the weighted mean and the Choquet integral. From these comparisons we show how the proposed aggregation operator is able to overcome or at least achieve similar results than the other parameterized operators. We also study which are the necessary optimization problem conditions to consider the described aggregation functions as metric functions.
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| 43. |
- Abu Khousa, Eman, et al.
(författare)
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A social learning analytics approach to cognitive apprenticeship
- 2015
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Ingår i: Smart Learning Environments. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 2196-7091. ; 2:14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The need for graduates who are immediately prepared for employment has been widely advocated over the last decade to narrow the notorious gap between industry and higher education. Current instructional methods in formal higher education claim to deliver career-ready graduates, yet industry managers argue their imminent workforce needs are not completely met. From the candidates view, formal academic path is well defined through standard curricula, but their career path and supporting professional competencies are not confidently asserted. In this paper, we adopt a data analytics approach combined with contemporary social computing techniques to measure, instil, and track the development of professional competences of learners in higher education. We propose to augment higher-education systems with a virtual learning environment made-up of three major successive layers: (1) career readiness, to assert general professional dispositions, (2) career prediction to identify and nurture confidence in a targeted domain of employment, and (3) a career development process to raise the skills that are relevant to the predicted profession. We analyze self-declared career readiness data as well as standard individual learner profiles which include career interests and domain-related qualifications. Using these combinations of data sources, we categorize learners into Communities of Practice (CoPs), within which learners thrive collaboratively to build further their career readiness and assert their professional confidence. Towards these perspectives, we use a judicious clustering algorithm that utilizes a fuzzy-logic objective function which addresses issues pertaining to overlapping domains of career interests. Our proposed Fuzzy Pairwise-constraints K-Means (FCKM) algorithm is validated empirically using a two-dimensional synthetic dataset. The experimental results show improved performance of our clustering approach compared to baseline methods.
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| 44. |
- Abu Khousa, Eman, et al.
(författare)
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Social network analysis to influence career development
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing. - : Springer. - 1868-5137 .- 1868-5145. ; 9:3, s. 601-616
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social network analysis techniques have shown a potential for influencing gradu-ates to meet industry needs. In this paper, we propose a social-web driven solutions to bridge formal education and industry needs. The proposed career development frame-work utilizes social network analytics, influence diffusion algorithms and persuasive technology models along three phases: (1) career readiness to measure and visualize the general cognitive dispositions required for a successful career in the 21st Century, (2) career prediction to persuade future graduates into a desired career path by clustering learners whose career prospects are deemed similar, into a community of practice; and (3) career development to drive growth within a social network structure where social network analytics and persuasive techniques are applied to incite the adoption of desired career behaviors. The process starts by discovering behavioral features to create a cognitive profile and diagnose individual deficiencies. Then, we develop a fuzzy clustering algorithm that predicts similar patterns with controlled constraint-violations to construct a social structure for collaborative cognitive attainment. This social framework facilitates the deployment of novel influence diffusion approaches, whereby we propose a reciprocal-weighted similarity function and a triadic clo-sure approach. In doing so, we investigate contemporary social network analytics to maximize influence diffusion across a synthesized social network. The outcome of this social computing approach leads to a persuasive model that supports behavioral changes and developments. The performance results obtained from both analytical and experi-mental evaluations validate our data-driven strategy for persuasive behavioral change.
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| 45. |
- AbuKhousa, Eman, et al.
(författare)
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Envisioning an Architecture of Metaverse Intensive Learning Experience (MiLEx) : Career Readiness in the 21st Century and Collective Intelligence Development Scenario
- 2023
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Ingår i: Future Internet. - : MDPI. - 1999-5903. ; 15:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The metaverse presents a new opportunity to construct personalized learning paths and to promote practices that scale the development of future skills and collective intelligence. The attitudes, knowledge and skills that are necessary to face the challenges of the 21st century should be developed through iterative cycles of continuous learning, where learners are enabled to experience, reflect, and produce new ideas while participating in a collective creativity process. In this paper, we propose an architecture to develop a metaverse-intensive learning experience (MiLEx) platform with an illustrative scenario that reinforces the development of 21st century career practices and collective intelligence. The learning ecosystem of MiLEx integrates four key elements: (1) key players that define the main actors and their roles in the learning process; (2) a learning context that defines the learning space and the networks of expected interactions among human and non-human objects; (3) experiential learning instances that deliver education via a real-life–virtual merge; and (4) technology support for building practice communities online, developing experiential cycles and transforming knowledge between human and non-human objects within the community. The proposed MiLEx architecture incorporates sets of technological and data components to (1) discover/profile learners and design learner-centric, theoretically grounded and immersive learning experiences; (2) create elements and experiential learning scenarios; (3) analyze learner’s interactive and behavioral patterns; (4) support the emergence of collective intelligence; (5) assess learning outcomes and monitor the learner’s maturity process; and (6) evaluate experienced learning and recommend future experiences. We also present the MiLEx continuum as a cyclic flow of information to promote immersive learning. Finally, we discuss some open issues to increase the learning value and propose some future work suggestions to further shape the transformative potential of metaverse-based learning environments.
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| 46. |
- Abulafia, C., et al.
(författare)
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Relationship between Cognitive and Sleep-wake Variables in Asymptomatic Offspring of Patients with Late-onset Alzheimer's Disease
- 2017
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1663-4365. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Early neuropathological changes characteristic of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) involve brain stem and limbic structures that regulate neurovegetative functions, including sleep-wake rhythm. Indeed, sleep pattern is an emerging biomarker and a potential pathophysiological mechanism in LOAD. We hypothesized that cognitively asymptomatic, middle-aged offspring of patients with LOAD (O-LOAD) would display a series of circadian rhythm abnormalities prior to the onset of objective cognitive alterations. We tested 31 children of patients with LOAD (O-LOAD) and 19 healthy individuals without family history of Alzheimer's disease (control subjects, CS) with basic tests of cognitive function, as well as actigraphy measures of sleep-wake rhythm, cardiac autonomic function, and bodily temperature. Unexpectedly, O-LOAD displayed subtle but significant deficits in verbal episodic memory (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test delayed recall 10.6 +/- 0.4 vs. 8.6 +/- 0.6, t = 4.97, df = 49, p < 0.01) and language (Weschler's vocabulary 51.4 +/- 1.3 vs. 44.3 +/- 1.5, t = 2.49, df = 49, p < 0.001) compared to CS, even though all participants had results within the clinically normal range. O-LOAD showed a phase-delayed rhythm of body temperature (2.56 +/- 0.47 h vs. 3.8 +/- 0.26 h, t = 2.48, df = 40, p = 0.031). Cognitive performance in O-LOAD was associated with a series of cardiac autonomic sleep-wake variables; specifically indicators of greater sympathetic activity at night were related to poorer cognition. The present results suggest sleep pattern deserves further study as a potential neurobiological signature in LOAD, even in middle-aged, at risk individuals.
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| 47. |
- Abusabeib, Abdelrahman, et al.
(författare)
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First case of huge classic papillary thyroid cancer rupturing spontaneously leading to ischemic necrosis, perforation and inflammation of overlying skin : Case report and review of the literature
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports. - : Elsevier. - 2210-2612. ; 85
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the commonest form of well-differentiated endocrine carcinoma. It is categorized into indolent and aggressive, where the indolent subtypes (classic, follicular) rarely demonstrate aggressive behavior. We present a classic PTC presenting with a rapidly growing huge anterior neck mass that subsequently spontaneously ruptured subcutaneously resulting in ischemia, necrosis, and perforation of overlying skin leading to inflammation. Presentation of case: A 37-year-old female with no comorbidities presented to our emergency department with a neck swelling of 2 years duration that rapidly enlarged one week prior to presentation. Though the mass initially appeared of inflammatory nature, the tumor was a PTC, and she underwent total thyroidectomy with selective right side neck dissection and debridement of necrotic skin. The gross specimen revealed a fragmented non-intact right thyroid lobe mass causing pressure ischemia, necrosis and perforation of the skin. Histopathology showed a 9 × 9 × 5 cm classic PTC staged as pT3b N1b. Postoperative course was uneventful, she was discharged by the eighth postoperative day, and then she received a high dose of radioactive iodine ablation (RAI). Discussion: Classic PTC is usually of a smaller size and a relatively benign course compared to other PTC subtypes and thyroid cancers. It is indolent with favorable prognosis. Although it is associated with increased risk of lymph node metastases at the time of diagnosis, it is slow growing with high survival rates approaching 95%. Conclusion: Despite that classic PTC progresses slowly, it should still be suspected in neck swellings presenting with rapid and aggressive behavior. Prompt and systematic assessment is required with surgical intervention and radioactive iodine ablation therapy.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Abusabeib, Alyaa, et al.
(författare)
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First Case Report of Fulminant Hepatitis After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Associated with Concomitant Maximal Therapeutic Dose of Acetaminophen Use, Protein Calorie Malnutrition, and Vitamins A and D, Selenium, and Glutathione Deficiencies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Obesity Surgery. - : Springer. - 0960-8923 .- 1708-0428. ; 31:2, s. 899-903
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly being linked to obesity. Although laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is effective for weight loss that can ultimately resolve NAFLD, an initial transient deterioration of liver functions could be observed during the first few months post-operatively, after which a subsequent improvement of the liver functions might occur. Rapid weight loss, nutritional deficiencies, and protein malnutrition can all contribute to hepatic dysfunction and can affect the metabolism of medications such as acetaminophen leading to more insult to a compromised liver. We report acute liver failure after LSG associated with protein calorie malnutrition, multiple nutritional deficiencies in addition to concomitant use of therapeutic doses of acetaminophen. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine, and replacement of deficient multivitamins and trace elements resulted in significant improvement in liver functions.
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| 50. |
- Abusabeib, Abdelrahman, et al.
(författare)
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Right ectopic paraesophageal parathyroid adenoma with refractory hypercalcemia in pregnancy : A case report and review of the literature
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports. - : Elsevier. - 2210-2612. ; 77, s. 229-234
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Ectopic parathyroid adenoma is rare during pregnancy but poses multiple challenges in treatment. It presents as primary hyperparathyroidism which leads to symptoms and complications of hypercalcemia in both the mother and fetus. Presentation of case: A 38-year-old Sudanese female presented with diffuse bone pain and polyuria. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated serum calcium and parathyroid hormone. Ultrasound of the neck did not show any abnormal lesion, however 99mTc-sestamibi scan showed a right sided parathyroid adenoma, and an earlier CT scan showed the adenoma to be in an ectopic paraesophageal position. Focused surgical neck exploration was done, and the ectopic parathyroid adenoma was excised. Discussion: Preoperative localization of the ectopic parathyroid adenoma allows for a focused surgical procedure. Ultrasound is the safest during pregnancy, but 99mTc-sestamibi and CT scan may be necessary if ultrasound or initial bilateral neck exploration do not detect any adenoma. Mild elevations in maternal serum calcium can have detrimental effects on the fetus which suggests that a surgical approach may be necessary in the majority of cases. Conclusions: Ectopic parathyroid adenoma is rare during pregnancy and is detrimental to both the mother and fetus. Preoperative localization allows for a focused surgery which is a definitive treatment and can safely be performed during the 2nd trimester of pregnancy.
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