| 46661. |
- Kapetanovic, Sabina, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Does one Size Fit All? : Linking Parenting With Adolescent Substance Use and Adolescent Temperament
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of research on adolescence. - : Wiley. - 1050-8392 .- 1532-7795. ; 30:suppl 2, s. 443-457
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using longitudinal Swedish data from 1,373 early‐adolescent youths, this study aims to answer the question of whether the previously established protective function of parental knowledge and its sources — adolescent disclosure, parental solicitation, and parental control—on substance use among early‐adolescents is moderated by the adolescent's temperament. Adolescent temperament moderated several links between parental knowledge and its sources and adolescent substance use. The most pronounced moderating results were found for those adolescents with fearless, socially detached and thrill‐seeking tendencies. For these "detached thrill‐seekers", bidirectional links between adolescent disclosure and substance use, and negative links between parental solicitation and substance use were found. We recommend, therefore, that adolescent temperament is considered when designing parenting programs.
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| 46662. |
- Kapetanovic, Sabina, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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In their own voices : immigrant mothers’ experiences and perceptions of the group-based self-assured parents programme for parents in disadvantaged areas in Sweden
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Family Studies. - 1322-9400 .- 1839-3543. ; , s. 1-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Culturally responsive parenting interventions are crucial for immigrant parents in disadvantaged areas. This qualitative study delves into the experiences of 18 immigrant mothers (Mage =41.2 years) from Somalia, Syria, Turkey, Eritrea, and Iraq participating in the Swedish Self-Assured Parents programme, targeting immigrant parents who live in social disadvantage with teenage children. Thematic analysis revealed seven main themes(1) the meaning of the programme content and structure,(2) enjoying oneself and being comfortable, (3) putting theadolescent in the centre,(4) mothers’own socioemotionaldevelopment,(5) changing from being a passive reactor to anactive agent,(6) empowered citizenship, and(7) having always been a strong and good mother.Overall, the mothers were positive about both the content and the format of the programme, appreciating the warm and supportive climate. They also perceived themselves as being more attentive to adolescent needs, having improved their own socio-emotional skills, and being empowered both as a citizen and as a mother on accoun tof attending the programme. With the development of culturally responsive programmes that take into account the unique needsand experiences of diverse populations, governments can effectively support parents, promote child positive development, and help cultivate social cohesion among the members of society.
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| 46663. |
- Kapetanovic, Sabina, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Parent-Adolescent Communication and Adolescent Delinquency : Unraveling Within-Family Processes from Between-Family Differences.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Youth and Adolescence. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0047-2891 .- 1573-6601. ; 48:9, s. 1707-1723
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the factors that predict adolescent delinquency is a key topic in parenting research. An open question is whether prior results indicating relative differences between families reflect the dynamic processes occurring within families. Therefore, this study investigated concurrent and lagged associations among parental behavioral control, parental solicitation, adolescent disclosure, and adolescent delinquency by separating between-family and within-family effects in three-wave annual data (N = 1515; Mage = 13.01 years at T1; 50.6% girls). At the within-family level, parental behavioral control negatively predicted adolescent delinquency. Adolescent disclosure and delinquency, and adolescent disclosure and parental solicitation, reciprocally predicted each other. Parental solicitation negatively predicted parental behavioral control. The findings indicate a prominent role of adolescent disclosure in within-family processes concerning parental-adolescent communication and adolescent delinquency.
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| 46664. |
- Kapetanovic, Sabina, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Structural relations between sources of parental knowledge, feelings of being overly controlled and risk behaviors in early adolescence
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Family Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1322-9400 .- 1839-3543. ; 26:2, s. 226-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we have investigated parental knowledge and its sources, namely adolescent disclosure, parental control, and parental solicitation; and how they relate to adolescents' feelings of being overly controlled, and to three types of adolescent risk behaviors, namely bullying, substance use, and delinquent behavior. This was studied in a sample of 1520 Swedish early adolescent boys and girls (M age = 13.0). A structural equation path model showed that adolescent disclosure and parental control were positively associated with parental knowledge, which in turn related to all three risk behaviors. Adolescent disclosure was related to lower levels of risk behaviors, while parental solicitation was linked to higher levels of adolescent engagement in risk behaviors, especially for boys, through feelings of being overly controlled. The findings support the idea of a functional role of open communication, as well as adequate levels of autonomy granting, for managing boys' and girls' risk behavior.
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| 46665. |
- Kapetanovic, Sabina, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of the Family’s Emotional Climate in the Links between Parent-Adolescent Communication and Adolescent Psychosocial Functioning
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. - : Springer. - 0091-0627 .- 1573-2835. ; 49, s. 141-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current study was designed to extend the parenting literature by testing the moderating role of the family’s emotional climate, operationalized with parent-adolescent emotional closeness and adolescent feelings of being overly controlled by parents on the longitudinal associations between parent-driven communication efforts (i.e. parental behavioral control and solicitation of information from their adolescent), adolescent-driven communication efforts (i.e. adolescent disclosure and secrecy) and adolescent psychosocial functioning (i.e. emotional problems, conduct problems, delinquency, and wellbeing). We conducted a series of cross-lagged models controlling for adolescent gender and ethnicity using a two-wave Swedish longitudinal set of self-report data (N = 1515, 51% girls, M age = 13.0 and 14.3 years at T1 and T2, respectively). Multi-group analyses revealed that the negative links between T1 parental control and T2 adolescent delinquency, T1 parental solicitation and T2 adolescent conduct problems and delinquency, and T1 emotional problems and T2 adolescent disclosure were moderated by the family’s emotional climate. When the family’s emotional climate was positive, the parenting strategies had a more positive effect on adolescent psychosocial functioning, and adolescents with emotional problems communicated more openly with their parents. These findings suggest that the relational context in the family is an important protective factor and add specificity to the previously established role of parent-adolescent communication in adolescent psychosocial development. In terms of preventive interventions, strategies to enhance the family’s emotional climate should be considered prior to teaching specific parenting strategies.
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| 46666. |
- Kaplan, L. P., et al.
(författare)
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Plan quality assessment in clinical practice: Results of the 2020 ESTRO survey on plan complexity and robustness
- 2022
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8140. ; 173, s. 254-261
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Plan complexity and robustness are two essential aspects of treatment plan quality but there is a great variability in their management in clinical practice. This study reports the results of the 2020 ESTRO survey on plan complexity and robustness to identify needs and guide future discussions and con-sensus.Methods: A survey was distributed online to ESTRO members. Plan complexity was defined as the mod-ulation of machine parameters and increased uncertainty in dose calculation and delivery. Robustness was defined as a dose distribution's sensitivity towards errors stemming from treatment uncertainties, patient setup, or anatomical changes.Results: A total of 126 radiotherapy centres from 33 countries participated, 95 of them (75%) from Europe and Central Asia. The majority controlled and evaluated plan complexity using monitor units (56 centres) and aperture shapes (38 centres). To control robustness, 98 (97% of question responses) photon and 5 (50%) proton centres used PTV margins for plan optimization while 75 (94%) and 5 (50%), respectively, used margins for plan evaluation. Seventeen (21%) photon and 8 (80%) proton centres used robust opti-misation, while 10 (13%) and 8 (80%), respectively, used robust evaluation. Primary uncertainties consid-ered were patient setup (photons and protons) and range calculation uncertainties (protons). Participants expressed the need for improved commercial tools to control and evaluate plan complexity and robust-ness.Conclusion: Clinical implementation of methods to control and evaluate plan complexity and robustness is very heterogeneous. Better tools are needed to manage complexity and robustness in treatment plan-ning systems. International guidelines may promote harmonization.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Radiotherapy and Oncology 173 (2022) 254-261 This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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| 46667. |
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| 46668. |
- Kapoor, M., et al.
(författare)
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Association of plasma neurofilament light chain with disease activity in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neurology. - : Wiley. - 1351-5101 .- 1468-1331. ; 29:11, s. 3347-3357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose This study was undertaken to explore associations between plasma neurofilament light chain (pNfL) concentration (pg/ml) and disease activity in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and examine the usefulness of pNfL concentrations in determining disease remission. Methods We examined pNfL concentrations in treatment-naive CIDP patients (n = 10) before and after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) induction treatment, in pNfL concentrations in patients on maintenance IVIg treatment who had stable (n = 15) versus unstable disease (n = 9), and in clinically stable IVIg-treated patients (n = 10) in whom we suspended IVIg to determine disease activity and ongoing need for maintenance IVIg. pNfL concentrations in an age-matched healthy control group were measured for comparison. Results Among treatment-naive patients, pNfL concentration was higher in patients before IVIg treatment than healthy controls and subsequently reduced to be comparable to control group values after IVIg induction. Among CIDP patients on IVIg treatment, pNfL concentration was significantly higher in unstable patients than stable patients. A pNFL concentration > 16.6 pg/ml distinguished unstable treated CIDP from stable treated CIDP (sensitivity = 86.7%, specificity = 66.7%, area under receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.73). Among the treatment withdrawal group, there was a statistically significant correlation between pNfL concentration at time of IVIg withdrawal and the likelihood of relapse (r = 0.72, p < 0.05), suggesting an association of higher pNfL concentration with active disease. Conclusions pNfL concentrations may be a sensitive, clinically useful biomarker in assessing subclinical disease activity.
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| 46669. |
- Kapoor, M., et al.
(författare)
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Plasma neurofilament light chain concentration is increased and correlates with the severity of neuropathy in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System. - : Wiley. - 1085-9489 .- 1529-8027. ; 24:4, s. 314-319
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRm) causes a disabling peripheral neuropathy as part of a multisystem disorder. The recent development of highly effective gene silencing therapies has highlighted the need for effective biomarkers of disease activity to guide the decision of when to start and stop treatment. In this study, we measured plasma neurofilament light chain (pNfL) concentration in 73 patients with ATTR and found that pNfL was significantly raised in ATTRm patients with peripheral neuropathy compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, pNFL correlated with disease severity as defined by established clinical outcome measures in patients for whom this information was available. These findings suggest a potential role of pNfL in monitoring disease activity and progression in ATTRm patients.
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| 46670. |
- Kapoor, N., et al.
(författare)
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Shifts in Food Preferences After Bariatric Surgery: Observational Reports and Proposed Mechanisms
- 2017
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Ingår i: Current Obesity Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2162-4968. ; 6:3, s. 246-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective treatment for obesity. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is the most commonly performed bariatric procedure and results in long-term weight loss. Alterations in food preference and choices may contribute to the long-term benefits of RYGB. This manuscript reviews the available literature documenting changes in food preference in both humans and experimental animals after RYGB and discusses the current theory on the underlying mechanisms involved. Obesity is associated with an increased preference for sweet and high-fat foods, and the most consistent evidence has been the shift away from these calorie-dense foods in both animal and human studies after RYGB. Self-reporting is the most common method used to record food preferences in humans, while more direct approaches have been used in animal work. This methodological heterogeneity may give rise to inconsistent findings. Future studies in humans should focus on direct measures to permit corroboration of mechanistic insights gained from animal studies.
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