| 141. |
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| 142. |
- Hammarström, Per
(författare)
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The bloody path of amyloids and prions
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1538-7933 .- 1538-7836. ; 5:6
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 143. |
- Hammarström, Per
(författare)
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The dynamic amyloid landscape
- 2010
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Ingår i: The FEBS Journal. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1742-464X .- 1742-4658. ; 277:Suppl. 1, s. 14-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
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| 144. |
- Hammarström, Per
(författare)
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The Transthyretin Protein and Amyloidosis - an Extraordinary Chemical Biology Platform
- 2024
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Ingår i: Israel Journal of Chemistry. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 0021-2148.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The amyloidoses are diseases caused by accumulation of amyloid fibrils from over 40 different human misfolded proteins in various organs of the body depending on precursor protein. Amyloidogenesis is a self-perpetuating reaction with deleterious consequences causing degeneration in cells and organs where depositions occur. Transthyretin, TTR, is an amyloidogenic protein causing sporadic disease from the wild-type protein during aging and from numerous different autosomal dominant familial mutations at earlier ages depending on the sequence of the hereditary variant. Until recently the disease process was poorly understood, and therapies were scarce. Over the past decades, spurred by clinical data, using chemical biology research, the mechanisms of TTR production and misfolding have been elucidated affording almost complete coverage of the TTR amyloidogenesis pathway to be targeted. This translational science success has provided a plethora of therapeutic options for the TTR amyloidoses providing an inspiring example for success in previously intractable diseases. image
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| 145. |
- Hammarström, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Viruses and amyloids-a vicious liaison
- 2023
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Ingår i: Prion. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC. - 1933-6896 .- 1933-690X. ; 17:1, s. 82-104
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The crosstalk between viral infections, amyloid formation and neurodegeneration has been discussed with varying intensity since the last century. Several viral proteins are known to be amyloidogenic. Post-acute sequalae (PAS) of viral infections is known for several viruses. SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 implicate connections between amyloid formation and severe outcomes in the acute infection, PAS and neurodegenerative diseases. Is the amyloid connection causation or just correlation? In this review we highlight several aspects where amyloids and viruses meet. The evolutionary driving forces that dictate protein amyloid formation propensity are different for viruses compared to prokaryotes and eukaryotes, while posttranslational endoproteolysis appears to be a common mechanism leading up to amyloid formation for both viral and human proteins. Not only do human and viral proteins form amyloid irrespective of each other but there are also several examples of co-operativity between amyloids, viruses and the inter-, and intra-host spread of the respective entity. Abnormal blood clotting in severe and long COVID and as a side effect in some vaccine recipients has been connected to amyloid formation of both the human fibrin and the viral Spike-protein. We conclude that there are many intersects between viruses and amyloids and, consequently, amyloid and virus research need to join forces here. We emphasize the need to accelerate development and implementation in clinical practice of antiviral drugs to preclude PAS and downstream neurological damage. There is also an ample need for retake on suitable antigen targets for the further development of next generation of vaccines against the current and coming pandemics.
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| 146. |
- Hammarström, Per, 1960-
(författare)
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Ödesmättad retorik i fasciströrelser
- 2013
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Ingår i: Dagen. - Stockholm : Tidnings aktiebolaget nya dagen. - 1652-5264. ; 26 juni
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 147. |
- Hammarström, Sofia, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Ask me, listen to me, treat me well and I shall tell: a qualitative study of Swedish youths’ experiences of systematic assessment of sexual health and risk-taking (SEXIT)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2641-0397. ; 30:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sexual ill health among young people, in terms of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unintended pregnancy, transactional sex and sexual violence, is a global public health concern. To that end, the SEXual health Identification Tool (SEXIT) was developed. The purpose of this study was to explore the visitors’ experiences of a youth clinic visit when SEXIT was used. A purposively selected sample of 20 participants (16–24 years of age) was recruited from three Swedish youth clinics using SEXIT. Participants were interviewed individually in March and April 2016, and data were analysed using inductive qualitative content analysis. The analysis resulted in four main categories describing the participants’ experiences of using SEXIT: “Issues of concern” includes descriptions of the items in SEXIT as important; “Enabling disclosure” describes how SEXIT serves as an invitation to talk and facilitates disclosure of negative experiences; “Road to change” captures experiences of the conversation with the healthcare professional; and “Managing power imbalance” describes experiences regarding the response and attitudes of the healthcare professional as well as the participants’ fears of being judged. The categories are connected by the overarching theme “Ask me, listen to me, treat me well and I shall tell”. This study contributes knowledge on young people’s experiences of a tool-supported dialogue on sexual health and risk-taking initiated by the healthcare professional. Structured questions in a written format, as a basis for dialogue, are appreciated and experienced as a functioning way of addressing sexual ill health and risk-taking at Swedish youth clinics.
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| 148. |
- Hammarström, Sofia, 1984-
(författare)
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Identification of young people at risk of sexual ill health : implementing a new tool in youth clinics
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Young people are at increased risk of sexual ill health in terms of sexually transmitted infections, unintended pregnancy, and sexual violence. There is limited knowledge of evidence-based preventive practices for identification of young people at risk of sexual ill health when in contact with health care. Aims: The overall aim of this thesis was to generate new knowledge concerning how Swedish youth clinics can work systematically to identify young people at risk of sexual ill health or who have negative sexual experiences. Specific objectives were to develop a risk-assessment model for the identification of youth at risk of contracting chlamydia; to develop and pilot-implement an evidence-informed tool for identifying young people at risk of sexual ill health in terms of sexually transmitted infections, unintended pregnancies, and sexual violence at Swedish youth clinics; and to explore youth clinic visitors’ and staff’s experiences of using that tool. Methods: The thesis takes a mixed methods approach and includes four studies. First, data from a national sample of sexually active young people, aged 15–24 years (n=6544), were used to develop a risk-assessment model for chlamydia infection. Second, a risk-assessment tool (SEXual health Identification Tool; SEXIT) was developed and pilot-implemented at three youth clinics for 1 month. The tool includes three components: (1) staff training; (2) a questionnaire for youth clinic visitors; and (3) a written guide for staff to support the subsequent dialogue and risk assessment based on the questionnaire. Questionnaire data from visitors (n=268) and staff (n=18) were analysed. Third, youth clinic visitors’ experiences were explored in 20 interviews with visitors (15–24 years) from the participating youth clinics. Fourth, staff’s experiences of working with SEXIT were investigated in four focus group discussions (n=16). Quantitative and qualitative methods were used for data analyses. Results: The risk-assessment model demonstrated that the distribution of chlamydia is skewed; 38% of cases were estimated to occur among a tenth of the population. Women most at risk of chlamydia were best identified using the variables age, number of sexual partners in the past year, and experience of sex for reimbursement. The corresponding variables for men were age, number of sexual partners, and alcohol use. SEXIT was validated and pilot-implemented at three youth clinics (response rate 86%). Before implementation, all staff perceived a need for more systematic screening for sexual risk-taking and sexual ill health at youth clinics. Youth clinic visitors demonstrated between 0 and 7 parallel risk factors. Staff experienced that using SEXIT systematically increased the consistency and quality of the clinics’ work, and youth clinic visitors reported that the questions were important and not uncomfortable or difficult. The visitors explained that questions in a written format followed by a dialogue initiated by the youth clinic staff enabled disclosure of negative experiences. Conclusions: The risk-assessment model demonstrates that the number of partners during the past year is the most important risk factor for chlamydia regardless of gender. SEXIT is an acceptable, appropriate, and feasible tool from the perspective of youth clinic staff, youth clinic visitors, and from an implementation point of view. Using the tool systematically may help raise important questions on sexual risk-taking and sexual ill health with youth clinic visitors and identify visitors with multiple risk factors. Being asked the sensitive yet important questions in SEXIT, followed by a respectful and non-judgemental conversation led by the youth clinic staff, has the potential to open up a more in depth and broader dialogue about the visitors’ sexual health. The systematic procedure helps youths feel that they are taken seriously and instils a feeling of trust that enables disclosure of sensitive experiences. From the staff perspective, SEXIT facilitates identification of young people exposed to or at risk of sexual ill health by simplifying and ensuring consistency and quality in their work.
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| 149. |
- Hammarström, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying young people exposed to or at risk of sexual ill health: pilot implementation of an evidence-informed toolkit (SEXIT) at Swedish youth clinics
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1362-5187 .- 1473-0782. ; 24:1, s. 45-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: We aimed to develop and pilot-implement an evidence-informed toolkit (SEXual health Identification Tool; SEXIT) for identifying young people exposed to or at risk of sexual ill health, at Swedish youth clinics, and to investigate SEXIT’s potential to identify young people in need of special care and monitoring. Methods: The SEXIT toolkit was developed, validated and pilot-implemented at three Swedish youth clinics. Pre-implementation staff readiness was assessed and youth clinic visitors’ responses to SEXIT were analysed. Results: All staff perceived a need for screening for sexual risk-taking and exposure. The response rate from 268 youth clinic visitors (aged 15–24 years) was 86%. Half of the visitors had one or no variable associated with sexual ill health, a third had two or three, and 15% reported between four and seven variables. The most common variables were alcohol use, three or more sexual partners in the past year and previous chlamydia. Visitors rated SEXIT as important and not uncomfortable or difficult to answer. Conclusions: The SEXIT toolkit was found to be feasible and highly acceptable in a clinical setting. The use of SEXIT may facilitate important questions on sexual risk-taking and sexual ill health to be raised with youth clinic visitors. © 2019, © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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| 150. |
- Hammarström, Sofia, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Staff´s experinces of the SEXual health Identification Tool (SEXIT)
- 2022
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Ingår i: ESC Abstract Book 2022. - : European Society of Contraception and Reproductive Health. ; , s. 88-89
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundIn 2016 SEXIT, an evidence-informed the toolkit, was developed and pilot-implemented at three Swedish youth clinics. Swedish youth clinics are highly accessible and focused primarily on concerns related to sexual and reproductive health and mental health among young persons aged 13-25 years. The SEXual health Identification Tool (SEXIT) was developed to facilitate identification of young people exposed to, or at risk of, sexual ill health in terms of sexually transmitted infections, unintended pregnancy, transactional sex, or sexual violence. The tool includes three components; (1) staff training, (2) a questionnaire for visitors, and (3) a written guide for staff to support the dialogue and risk assessment. Previous results demonstrated promising results; a high response rate from visitors (86%), few missing answers, and youth clinic visitors reporting factors associated with sexual ill health. Interviews demonstrated that youth clinic visitors appreciated structured questions in a written format as a basis for dialogue and found SEXIT appropriate for addressing sensitive topics. ObjectivesTo explore the youth clinic staff’s experiences of using SEXIT systematically with all visitors, with a focus on usefulness, implementation determinants, and feasibility of implementing SEXIT at Swedish youth clinics.MethodFour focus group discussions with youth clinic staff who participated in the pilot implementation. The clinics had used SEXIT systematically with all visitors for one month. Data were analysed using qualitative analysis designed for focus groups.ResultsMost participants experienced that the SEXIT routines were well functioning and that using SEXIT gave a comprehensive picture of the visitor and resulted in more concrete answers, which facilitated the risk assessment. Youth clinic staff experienced that SEXIT advanced their knowledge and the midwifes experienced that they identified more youth at risk with SEXIT, while the psychosocial staff were less convinced on how SEXIT best should be applied. Existing challenges related to the routines at the clinics and heavy workload during drop-in hours. Further, the staff were concerned about the continued care of vulnerable, and hard-to-reach youth clinic visitors that sometimes do not attend the scheduled revisits.Conclusions Staff experience SEXIT as useful for identifying young people exposed to or at risk of sexual ill health. Systematic use ensures consistency and quality in assessing the visitors, which may facilitate implementation. The use of SEXIT is challenged by heavy workload, conflicting routines, and the experience that some visitors identified through SEXIT decline further care. Implementation of SEXIT in Swedish youth clinics is considered feasible.
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