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- Arvidsson, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
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Factors influencing nurse supervisor competence : a critical incident analysis study
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 13:3, s. 231-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to identify factors related to critical incidents that influence the competence of nurse supervisors. Nurse supervisors require considerable competence in order to help supervisees to reflect on their clinical work and to interpret the needs of the patient. A qualitative approach involving the critical incident technique was used. Critical incidents were collected by means of self-reports from 25 nurse supervisors. Two main areas emerged: a professional and a personal stance. The professional stance described the nurse supervisors’ awareness of the importance of creating a secure learning environment and facilitating reflection. The supervisors structured the material and created awareness of fundamental nursing values. The second main area, personal stance, described the nurse supervisors’ behaviour when they gave the participating nurses the opportunity to work through the experiences gained in the daily provision of nursing care. Although they experienced lack of self-assurance during the supervision session, they also expressed security regarding their own performance as nurse supervisors. Nurse supervisors need to include more nursing theory and focus on the nursing process as well as being aware of their own shortcomings and resources. One way for the supervisior to scrutinize his/her actions is to discuss and examine them with a more experienced nurse supervisor colleague.
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| 2. |
- Flemme, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term quality of life and uncertainty in patients living with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Heart & lung : the journal of critical care. - St. Louis, MO : Elsevier BV. - 0147-9563 .- 1527-3288. ; 34:6, s. 386-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: This study describes the quality of life (QOL) and uncertainty in patients who have an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and predicts QOL at long-term follow-up. METHODS: Long-term follow-up was defined as 6.9 years +/- 1 year (range 4.11-8.7 years). QOL was measured with the Quality of Life Index, and uncertainty was measured with the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale. RESULTS: The overall QOL and health/functioning were unchanged over time. QOL in the socioeconomic (P = .002) and psychologic/spiritual domains (P = .012) decreased in the first year. From baseline to long-term follow-up, the QOL in the family domain (P = .011) and uncertainty (P = .002) decreased. Uncertainty was a predictor of low QOL. CONCLUSION: QOL was reasonably good 6.9 years post-ICD implantation. Patients felt less uncertain once they had passed the first year of their illness.
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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What is supportive when an adult next-of-kin is in critical care?
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nursing in Critical Care. - Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1362-1017 .- 1478-5153. ; 10:6, s. 289-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is little documented knowledge about what is supportive from the perspective of relatives with a critically ill next-of-kin in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of the present study was to generate a theoretical understanding of what relatives experience as supportive when faced with the situation of having an adult next-of-kin admitted to critical care. The study was designed using a grounded theory methodology. Interviews were conducted with 29 adult relatives of adult ICU patients in southwest Sweden. Relatives described the need to be empowered and that support was needed to enable them to use both internal and external resources to cope with having a next-of-kin in critical care. To achieve empowerment, the relatives described the need to trust in oneself, to encounter charity and to encounter professionalism. The findings can contribute understanding and sensitivity to the situation of the relatives as well as indicating what form social support should take. It is essential that healthcare professionals understand how important it is for relatives to have control over their vulnerable situation and that they also reflect upon how they would like to be treated themselves in a similar situation. Recommendations for future practice are presented.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Nurses' assessments and patients' perceptions : development of the night nursing care instrument (NNCI), measuring nursing care at night
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 42:5, s. 569-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Nursing care provided at night has a different purpose and objective to that provided during the day. A review of the literature does not reveal any scientifically tested research instruments for evaluating and comparing the nurse's assessment of nursing care with the patient's perception at night.Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and test an instrument for evaluating nursing care and to compare nurses' assessments with patients' perceptions of nursing care provided at night.Design: The study was carried out in two phases; the first had an explorative design and the second an evaluative and comparative design. The Night Nursing Care Instrument (NNCI) included two questionnaires; one for nurses and one for patients. These questionnaires were developed from a nursing framework and covered the following three areas:,nursing interventions', 'medical interventions' and 'evaluation'.Methods:Nurses (n = 40) on night duty on a medical ward at a central hospital in southern Sweden were consecutively selected, to participate in the study. The patients (n = 80) were selected by means of convenience sampling. In order to achieve construct validity, factor analysis of each individual area was carried out. Reliability in terms of internal consistency was tested by Cronbach's alpha.Results: The overall NNCI had acceptable reliability and validity. There was no statistically significant difference between nurses' assessments and patients' perceptions in any of the three areas of 'nursing interventions', 'medical interventions' or 'evaluation'. The patients rated night nursing care as satisfactory for the majority of the items. Relevance to clinical practice: These findings demonstrate that it is possible to create a short instrument with acceptable reliability and validity, which is easy to use in clinical practice. The results also show that night nurses need to improve their ability to assess patients' needs during the night to increase the quality of night nursing care.
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| 7. |
- Roxberg, Åsa
(författare)
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Vårdande och icke-vårdande tröst
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med avhandlingen är att, ur ett vårdvetenskapligt, och ett i detta inkluderat vårdteologiskt per- spektiv, belysa innebörden av fenomenet tröst och hur tröst förhåller sig till lidande och vård. Det görs i två empiriska intervjustudier med vårdare och äldre vårdtagare samt en tredje delstudie som analyse- rar tröst såsom den framstår i Jobs bok i Gamla testamentet. Dessa delstudier behandlar vårdares upp- levelse av tröst och att trösta, äldre vårdtagares upplevelse av tröst samt Jobs upplevelse av tröst.Metodologiskt har forskningen sin utgångspunkt i fenomenologi och hermeneutik. En fenomenolo- gisk-hermeneutisk metod, inspirerad av Paul Ricoeur, har använts för textanalyserna. I avhandlingen behandlas också det som är signifikant för poetisk och religiös text. De metaforer som förekommer i de empiriska delstudierna med vårdare och äldre analyseras för att ta tillvara det överskott av mening som metaforer, enligt Ricoeur, kan uttrycka.Resultatet visar fem övergripande innebörder: Den motsägelsefulla trösten, Den sammanbindande trösten, Den stumma trösten, Den okontrollerade trösten och Den vilsamma trösten. En vårdande tröst är motsägelsefull såtillvida att den innebär dels att den lidande överlämnar sitt lidande till någon an- nan, dels att lidandet kan ges tillbaka för att lidas. Tröst kan således vara att lida. En sammanbindande tröst är närvarande, d.v.s. är hos den lidande och utgår från dennes lidande. Denna tröst kännetecknas av djup gemenskap, en upplevelse av att vara förstådd på ett djupare sätt. Resultatet visar också en tröst som är stum. Denna tröst svarar inte an på den lidandes upplevelse av sitt lidande, är oformlig och saknar följsamhet för lidandet. Ett exempel på en stum och icke-vårdande tröst är vännernas tröst i Jobs bok. Denna tröst förmår inte trösta därför att den inte är där Job är, d.v.s. i hans upplevelse av sitt lidande. Vidare framstår en vårdande tröst som okontrollerad därför att den dels är spontan, dels bistår den lidande att släppa kontrollen över lidandet. Att släppa kontrollen innebär bl.a. att den lidande ger upp försöken att förstå lidandet för att istället låta det oförståeliga vara oförståeligt. Genom att ge upp det som på olika sätt binder lidandet infinner sig en tröstande och hälsobringande vila i eller från li- dandekampen.Resultatet som helhet tolkas ur ett vårdvetenskapligt perspektiv som vårdgemenskap, tro, hälsa och offer. Tröst som hälsa förstås utifrån en teoretisk modell, inspirerad av Katie Erikssons ontologiska hälsomodell. Filosofiskt-etiskt belyses forskningen utifrån företrädesvis Emmanuel Levinas. Resultatet diskuteras i förhållande till tidigare forskning och i förhållande till vårdvetenskap, samhälle och vård.
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