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- Zhao, Li, et al.
(författare)
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Excited-state dynamics of 4-hydroxyisoindoline-1,3-dione and its derivative as fluorescent probes
- 2024
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Ingår i: Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP. - 1463-9084. ; 26:17, s. 13506-13514
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fluorescent probes have become promising tools for monitoring the concentration of peroxynitrite, which is linked to many diseases. However, despite focusing on developing numerous peroxynitrite based fluorescent probes, limited emphasis is placed on their sensing mechanism. Here, we investigated the sensing mechanism of a peroxynitrite fluorescent probe, named BHID-Bpin, with a focus on the relevant excited state dynamics. The photoexcited BHID-Bpin relaxes to its ground state via an efficient nonradiative process (∼300 ps) due to the presence of a minimum energy conical intersection between its first excited state and ground state. However, upon reacting with peroxynitrite, the Bpin moiety is cleaved from BHID-Bpin and BHID is formed. The formed BHID exhibits strong dual band fluorescence which is caused by an ultrafast excited-state intramolecular proton transfer process (∼1 ps).
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| 4. |
- Zhao, Lu, et al.
(författare)
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Numerical simulation of melt penetration in debris beds using MPS method
- 2024
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Ingår i: Progress in nuclear energy (New series). - : Elsevier BV. - 0149-1970 .- 1878-4224. ; 167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During a severe accident of light water reactors (LWR), melt penetration in a debris bed (also called infiltration) may occur due to the failure of a crust which accommodates a molten pool over the debris bed, or due to earlier re-melting of metallic components (i.e., Zr and Fe) which has lower melting points than oxidic ones (i.e., UO2 and ZrO2) of corium debris. Although understanding and modeling of melt infiltration plays a significant role in the prediction of severe accident progression, little work has been done in this respect due to its complexity. To fill this knowledge gap, the present study develops a Moving Particle Semi-implicit (MPS) code with various models representing key physics in melt infiltration. REMCOD experiment, recently carried out at KTH, has been simulated to validate the updated MPS code. The comparative results show that the melt infiltration in the tests can be reproduced by the MPS code. For a debris bed of cylindrical particles, the melt infiltration process in the experiment can be predicted by using Sauter mean diameter of the particles in the simulation. The code is also applied to investigate the influences of important parameters on the melt infiltration, and it is found that contact angle has little impact on melt penetration process in the case of debris beds with large pore sizes.
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| 5. |
- Bengtsson, Maria, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Entrepreneurial Drivers and Dynamic Capabilities in Situations of Encompassing Change
- 2005
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Ingår i: A focused Issue on Understanding Growth. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 9780762312115 ; , s. 3-29
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We lack knowledge concerning the importance of entrepreneurial actors in development of dynamic capabilities. Entrepreneurial drives lead the entrepreneur and his/her firm into different strategies to cope with encompassing change and in building different sets of capabilities. A case study of four high-tech firms suggests that entrepreneurial actions determined by entrepreneurial drives (technological, market, business, and development) lead to the creation of new modules and to combinations of external and internal capabilities that increase the balance between contradicting demands. This suggests that a combination of different drives is important, as is the formation of entrepreneurial roles (creators, expanders, and builders).
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| 7. |
- Kajonius, Petri, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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The (mis)measurement of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen : exploitation at the core of the scale
- 2016
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Ingår i: PeerJ. - : PeerJ. - 2167-8359.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background.The dark side of human character has been conceptualized in the Dark Triad Model: Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism. These three dark traits are often measured using single long instruments for each one of the traits. Nevertheless, there is a necessity of short and valid personality measures in psychological research. As an independent research group, we replicated the factor structure, convergent validity and item response for one of the most recent and widely used short measures to operationalize these malevolent traits, namely, Jonason’s Dark Triad Dirty Dozen. We aimed to expand the understanding of what the Dirty Dozen really captures because the mixed results on construct validity in previous research.Method. We used the largest sample to date to respond to the Dirty Dozen (N = 3,698). We firstly investigated the factor structure using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and an exploratory distribution analysis of the items in the Dirty Dozen. Secondly, using a sub-sample (n = 500) and correlation analyses, we investigated the Dirty Dozen dark traits convergent validity to Machiavellianism measured by the MachIV, psychopathy measured by Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire Revised, narcissism using the Narcissism Personality Inventory, and both neuroticism and extraversion from the Eysenck’s questionnaire. Finally, besides these Classic Test Theory analyses, we analyzed the responses for each Dirty Dozen item using Item Response Theory (IRT).Results. The results confirmed previous findings of a bi-factor model fit: one latent core dark trait and three dark traits. All three Dirty Dozen traits had a striking bi-modal distribution, which might indicate unconcealed social undesirability with the items. The three Dirty Dozen traits did converge too, although not strongly, with the contiguous single Dark Triad scales (r between .41 and .49). The probabilities of filling out steps on the Dirty Dozen narcissism-items were much higher than on the Dirty Dozen items for Machiavellianism and psychopathy. Overall, the Dirty Dozen instrument delivered the most predictive value with persons with average and high Dark Triad traits (theta > −0.5). Moreover, the Dirty Dozen scale was better conceptualized as a combined Machiavellianism-psychopathy factor, not narcissism, and is well captured with item 4: ‘I tend to exploit others towards my own end.Conclusion. The Dirty Dozen showed a consistent factor structure, a relatively convergent validity similar to that found in earlier studies. Narcissism measured using the Dirty Dozen, however, did not contribute with information to the core of the Dirty Dozen construct. More importantly, the results imply that the core of the Dirty Dozen scale, a manipulative and anti-social trait, can be measured by a Single Item Dirty Dark Dyad (SIDDD).
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