| 321. |
- Hansson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Project Assessments in Construction and Real Estate - Analysing management of end-user needs and ensuring performance in the building life cycle. CREDIT Report 4
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this report a generic model for the capture and assessment of end-user requirements and needs, the CREDIT carpenter model, has been developed. The main determinants of the model is the need for the project organisation (including the facilities management organisation) to ensure a thorough understanding of the end-user requirements and needs as well as an assessment through out the project process. The end-users and the project organisation are often working in two different value chains. This, among other things, means that they may not share a common understanding of the process. Apart from just assessing to what extent the requirements and needs has been achieved it is important to assess the process of accomplishing the desired result. This way it is possible to learn from what has worked well and what has not. There is some variation in what and how it is being assessed depending on what type of building it is. Assessments on housing are more inclined to focus on softer aspects, for example perception etc. In the other cases there are, generally, a more technical perspective. It may be an affect of how knowledgeable the users are. In regard to housing the users have possible less experience of construction and communicating their needs than in the case of offices etc. There is also a notable difference between approaches and interest on what to assess in the different countries. Sweden has a much more soft approach and an ambition of getting as many as possible to understand what is being assessed and for what reasons while Finland has a much more technical and measurable approach. The clients, naturally, play a large part in the construction process, also when it come to capturing and transferring the requirements and needs of the end-users. It is mainly the clients that initiate it. Maybe more surprisingly, they do perform a lot of the work themselves as well. Designers play an important role as do known end-users as well. During the project it is mainly the client that initiates the assessments, but the actors of the project process, designers and producers that perform it. Evaluating the degree of fulfilling the requirements and needs as well as assessing the process to enable learning is again mainly a client action both initiating and performing, the rest of the actors do not engage to any larger degree. The processes from begin of the brief to the end of construction have well developed routines as a part of the project management system. These routines are good enough to successfully fulfil the studied project and the control of the process in order to get internal efficiency in the short run perspective. But there is almost no case that shows any assessment tool that support feedback, the knowledge development and the innovation process which is important in the long-run perspective. The missing feedback is marked in the carpenter model. Found in the study there are two examples of tools that together may to some extent overrun this issue. Building Information Models have the potential of acting as an information carrier within a project, storing all types of information needed for assessing a number of different aspects. The main issue is to get the right information and presenting it in a way suitable for the target group. This is done in the case of Falk in Skanska (in Norway). It is a system gathering and presenting a multitude of KPIs, from a number of different systems, in an easy to understand layout.
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| 322. |
- Hansson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Begreppshistoria: Program och praktik
- 2008
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Ingår i: Idéhistoria i tiden. Perspektiv på ämnets identitet under sjuttiofem år. - Stockholm : Symposion Brutus Östlings bokförlag. - 9789171398086 ; , s. 282-291
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 323. |
- Hansson, Jonas, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Den romantiska medicinen
- 2008
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Ingår i: Til at stwdera läkedom. - Lund : Sekel Bokförlag. - 9789185767311 ; , s. 215-237
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 324. |
- Hansson, Jonas, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Europa : geografi, historia och identitet
- 2009
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Ingår i: Framtider. - Stockholm : Institutet för framtidsstudier. - 0281-0492. ; :1, s. 19-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 325. |
- Hansson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Från furstespegel till folkbildning
- 2008
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Ingår i: Kunskapens kretsar. Essäer om kunskap, bildning och vetenskap genom tiderna. - Stockholm : Bokförlaget Signum. - 9789187896903 ; , s. 81-93
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 326. |
- Hansson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Mental health professionals’ attitudes towards people with mental illness : Do they differ from attitudes held by people with mental illness?
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Social Psychiatry. - London : Sage Publications. - 0020-7640 .- 1741-2854.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Studies investigating mental health professionals' attitudes towards people with mental illness are scarce and there is a lack of comparative studies including both patients' and mental health professionals' attitudes. The aim of the present study was to investigate mental health staff's attitudes towards people with mental illness and compare these with the attitudes of patients in contact with mental health services. A further aim was to relate staff attitudes to demographic and work characteristics.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed including 140 staff and 141 patients. The study included a random sample of outpatients in contact with mental health services in the southern part of Sweden and staff working in these services. Attitudes were investigated using a questionnaire covering beliefs of devaluation and discrimination of people with a mental illness.RESULTS: Negative attitudes were prevalent among staff. Most negative attitudes concerned whether an employer would accept an application for work, willingness to date a person who had been hospitalized, and hiring a patient to take care of children. Staff treating patients with a psychosis or working in inpatient settings had the most negative attitudes. Patient attitudes were overall similar to staff attitudes and there were significant differences in only three out of 12 dimensions. Patients' most negative attitudes were in the same area as the staff's.CONCLUSIONS: This study points to the suggestion that mental health care staff may hold negative attitudes and beliefs about people with mental illness with tentative implications for treatment of the patient and development and implementation of evidence-based services. Since patients and staff in most respects share these beliefs, it is essential to develop interventions that have an impact on both patients and staff, enabling a more recovery-oriented staff-patient relationship.
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| 327. |
- Helldén, Josefin, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of living with persisting post-stroke dysphagia and of dysphagia management – a qualitative study
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 13:sup1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate people’s experiences of living with dysphagia after stroke, and their experiences of dysphagia management.Methods: The study design was qualitative, and an open-ended approach to data collection was used, with follow-up probing questions to gain more information as needed. Personal interviews were conducted with five persons who had persisting moderate to severe dysphagia after stroke, living in the south-west part of Sweden. The data were analysed with qualitative content analysis.Results: When analysing the data, the following theme emerged; “Dysphagia impacts life situations negatively and requires individually adapted, long term support from skilled health care professionals”. The theme consists of three categories: “Learning to manage dysphagia and its complications”, “Professional support with dysphagia varies” and “Finding small moments of joy despite large restrictions in life situations”.Conclusions: Findings indicated that people with dysphagia experienced a lack of support from health care professionals. Better health care support following discharge from hospital is required to ensure an optimal quality of life. Actions to achieve this may include developing national guidelines for adequate dysphagia follow-up and establishing multidisciplinary dysphagia teams in hospitals and long-term care facilities.
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| 328. |
- Hellström, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
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The rhythm of the unit is the pace of life : a study of everyday activities and sleep in Swedish residential care
- 2015
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Ingår i: Open Journal of Nursing. - Irvine : Scientific Research Publishing. - 2162-5336 .- 2162-5344. ; 5:8, s. 697-706
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social and physical activities can improve sleep in older people. However, living in a residential care facility has been associated with a limited potential for activities and increased inactivity, reflected in poor sleep among residents. In turn, poor sleep can impair physical and mental functions. This paper explores sleep habits and everyday activities at three residential care facilities and investigates the link between sleep habits and everyday activities from the perspective of the residents. Data were collected through observations of daily life and interviews with residents.The results showed that fixed times during the day reduced daytime sleep and motivated them to go to the day room, thus enabling social interaction. More impaired residents spent more time in the day room napping or being less active. The residents stated that going outdoors was a desired activity, thought to improve sleep. However, the activity did not occur to the extent the residents wished for. Maintaining mobility and influence over daily activities together with regularity seemed to improve sleep. Awareness among staff of the need for stimulating and enriching activities, as well as access to bright light is requisite. Specific consideration should be given to residents who have difficulties communicating their wishes and/or impaired mobility.
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| 329. |
- Helmersson, Sara
(författare)
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Mellan systerskap och behandling : Omförhandlingar inom ett förändrat stödfält för våldsutsatta kvinnor
- 2017. - Lund Dissertations in Social Work
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Sweden, support for abused women has historically been a task for female volunteers in women’s shelters. However, due to amendments in the Social Services Act, some local municipalities have in recent years initiated services for people with experience of violence in intimate relationships, often women and men, abused as well as abusers. These specialised public sector units have an approach to the question of violence that differs from “traditional” feminist ideas associated with the women’s shelter movement. The main purpose of this research was to examine local support practices in this particular “support field” and to further the knowledge about underlying tensions and the linkages to different understandings of violence against women. The research questions focused on (1) dominating understandings of the problem and how these were expressed and challenged within the support field, (2) local support practices in regard to legal and organisational conditions, (3) hierarchies, boundaries, sense of community and exclusions (4) overarching changes in the support field and consequences for support seekers and support providers. Inspired by an ethnographic approach, a range of qualitative methods were used: individual and group interviews, participatory observations and retrieval of policy documents. 24 interviews, with 32 people from five shelters and three specialised units, were completed. The participatory observations were performed in two sites. Finally, a web based survey was distributed to 320 recipients: women’s shelters, local crime victim support organisations and public sector specialised units. After removing incomplete surveys, 207 filled out surveys remained. The overall response rate was 65 %. A theoretical framework based on concepts such as field, doxa, capital and boundary work was used. The results of the study showed that the question of violence against women has been institutionalised in Swedish policies and that two dominating understandings were present: a gender power perspective and a relational perspective. The results pointed out that local women’s shelters worked in close partnership with the public sector and were doing “social services-tasks”. The shelter staff had a heavy administrative workload and spent little time on influencing public opinion. Hence, core ideals such as independence, anonymity for women and sisterhood were challenged. Among professionals in the specialised units counselling was favoured over practical tasks. The professionals framed counselling as professional, whereas women’s shelter work was often understood as practical and unskilled. The gender mixed approach of the specialised units was favoured over interventions for women only. Services for abused women in the support field were informed by two, sometimes conflicting, support ideals: (1) aimed at emancipating women, (2) ai med at changing women. Furthermore, processes of “us and them” were identified in the support field and certain groups of women were potentially excluded from help as well as excluded from becoming shelter workers. The overall analysis of the thesis pointed to a shift from gender power analysis to a relational perspective and that the support field has been consumed by the social services.
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| 330. |
- Helmersson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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The use of ‘empowerment’ among organisations supporting victims of domestic violence in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Social Work. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1369-1457 .- 1468-2664. ; 18:1, s. 51-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to investigate the prevalence and character of ‘empowerment’ as an approach used by women’s shelters, crime victim support groups and municipal crisis centres that provide support for battered women in Sweden. The study was based on a mail survey distributed among representatives of local crime victim support groups and women’s shelters run by non-governmental organisations and the public sector (N = 207). The survey showed that empowerment was perceived as similar to the already established ‘help to self-help’ approach. Empowerment was described as a tool for individual change rather than collective action, although links to powersensitivity and social change did appear in some answers. Contrary to expectations, the use of empowerment was not accompanied by comments on problematic power relations and difficulties in merging a non-directive approach with professional responsibilities. Using neo-institutional theory, results were interpreted in relation to established work-patterns and problems that empowerment was perceived to solve.
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