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Search: LAR1:su > Other academic/artistic

  • Result 22661-22670 of 39114
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22661.
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22662.
  • Malmberg, Bo (author)
  • Mått på välfärdens tjänster - en antologi om produktivitet och effektivitet i kommunala verksamheter : Offentlig sektor som en tillväxtmotor - ett humankapitalperspektiv.
  • 2006
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Den ekonomiska sanningen är att välfärden i framtiden kommer att kräva en ökande andel av samhällets produktion. Med trycket på ökande utgifter i sikte är det viktigt att resurser som satsas på offentliga ändamål används så effektivt och produktivt som möjligt. Medborgarna vill veta att de verkligen får kvalitativ välfärd för sina skattepengar. Är det möjligt att försäkra medborgarna om detta? Är det möjligt att finna mått på effektivitet och produktivitet i det som kan kallas välfärdens tjänster?Den panel av forskare och utredare som Expertgruppen för Studier i Samhällsekonomi riktat frågorna till anser det möjligt och visar i denna rapport till ESS på vägar att mäta effektiviteten i den offentliga verksamheten och den betydelse det kan ha för utvecklingen av välfärdssamhället.
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22663.
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22664.
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22665.
  • Malmberg, Bo, et al. (author)
  • Population Pressure and Dynamics of Household Livelihoods in an Ethiopian Village—An Elaboration of the Boserup-Chayanovian Framework
  • 2006
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • The purpose of this study is to analyse the mechanisms and effects of population pressure on rural livelihood system in South central Ethiopia from 1950-2004. In Sub-Sahara Africa population pressure takes two different forms: (1) a pressure on existing household to accommodate a growing number of children (change in household dependency ratio); (2) An increased demand for new livelihood positions in a situation where the total resources available for households may be constrained (change in density ratio). We blended the approaches of Boserup and Chayanov to understand how families make their living when dependency and density ratios change over time. We collected data using a life course and cohort study approaches to capture the dynamics and to compare the past with the present.We found out that livelihood strategies took different forms when both dependency and density ratios were low and when they were on the increase. When both ratios were low livelihood strategies took the form of agricultural extensification and this was due to the relative availability of land. When both ratios were on the increase, livelihood strategies took the forms of agricultural intensification and diversification.According to our premises and analysis livelihood strategies are not the results of change in the interest and objectives of production (for instance, market pull/marketing changes and behaviors). The objective of livelihood strategies is to meet basic needs and ensure self-sufficiency and the causes for change are related to a household’s demographic size, composition and access to different levels and combinations of assets.
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22666.
  • Malmberg, Bo, et al. (author)
  • Productivity consequences of workforce ageing - Stagnation or a Horndal effect?
  • 2005
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Data linking the production of value-added at the plant level to the individual employees provide an opportunity to deepen the understanding of how the labor force composition relates to productivity performance. In view of the anticipated aging of the workforce in industrialised economies a body of research has emerged that indicate that individual productivity has a more pronounced hump-shape than the wage profile. This paper studies these issues by examining the composition of the workforce at the plant level in relation to the productivity performance of the plants. Our data cover the Swedish mining and manufacturing industries 1985-1996. The fact that older workers selectively work with older capital may have biased results found in the literature. Endogeneity of workforce composition poses serious estimation problems, but our attempts to cope with these problems tend to indicate that biases in general go in the direction that productivity of the young is overestimated and the productivity of the old is underestimated.
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22667.
  • Malmberg, Bo, et al. (author)
  • Residential Segregation of European and Non-European Migrants in Sweden: 1990-2012
  • 2016
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • In this paper we analyse how a migrant population that is both expanding and changing in composition has affected the composition of Swedish neighbourhoods at different scales. The analysis is based on Swedish geo-coded individual level register data for the years 1990, 1997, 2005, and 2012. This allows us to compute and analyse the demographic composition of neighbourhoods that range in size from encompassing the nearest 100 individuals to the nearest 400,000 individuals. First, the results confirm earlier findings that migrants, especially those from non-European countries face high levels of segregation in Sweden. Second, large increases in the non-European populations in combination with high levels of segregation have increased the proportion of non-European migrants living in neighbourhoods that have high proportions of nonEuropean migrants. Third, in contrast to what has been the established image of segregation trends in Sweden, and in an apparent contrast to the finding that non-European migrants increasingly live in migrant-dense neighbourhoods, our results show that segregation, when defined as an uneven distribution of different populations across residential contexts, is not increasing. On the contrary, for both European migrants from 1990 and non-European migrants from 1997, there is a downward trend in unevenness as measured by the dissimilarity index at all scale levels. However, if unevenness is measured as variation in the neighbourhood proportion of migrants across neighbourhoods, segregation has increased.
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22668.
  • Malmberg, Bo, 1958-, et al. (author)
  • Swedish post-war economic development : The role of age structure
  • 2000
  • Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • There are strong life cycle patterns in practically all human behavior as well as in the resources and capabilities of individuals. Variations in the age structure of the population therefore affect all aspects of the aggregate economy, not only saving as is generally recognized. The impact in a given economy, however, also depends institutions and economic policy. Swedish post-war development exhibit patterns of age structure effects on saving, growth, investment, current account and inflation that are consistent with the dynamics of these variables in business cycles, only these effects apply to much longer periods than the common business cycle. We present estimations of these effects and show that the deviations of actual time series from the model predictions are consistent with the institutional detail of economic policy and its fluctuating directions over the post-war period. The poor performance of the Swedish economy during the period 1975-1995 can partly be explained by inappropriate policies working against the underlying age structure changes.  For example, the rapid expansion of non-working elders in the population in the 1980s simultaneous with the depletion of the more experienced part of the older work force would according to our estimates put strong downward pressure on the budget deficit and the current account. Policy aimed at current account balance, mainly by a series of devaluations in the early 1980s did succeed in improving the current account. The cost of this was a serious overheating of the economy in the end of the 1980s since fundamental behavior and resources in the population did not back it. The attempts to nevertheless fix the exchange rate at an unrealistically high level (the price of a dollar in 1992 was close to half of today’s rate) led into a serious crisis and depression in the beginning of the 1990s. Our conclusion is that it is a serious mistake both for policy and macroeconomic modeling to ignore the general equilibrium effects of changing age distributions. 
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22669.
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22670.
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  • Result 22661-22670 of 39114
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other academic/artistic  (39114)Undo refine
Author/Editor
Isaksson, Sven, 1966 ... (131)
Heuman, Lars, 1941- (125)
Carlbring, Per (105)
Wadensjö, Eskil, 194 ... (103)
Rosenberg, Tiina (97)
Room, Robin (95)
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Premat, Christophe, ... (92)
Jakobsson, Martin (90)
Lindbeck, Assar (88)
Sverke, Magnus (83)
Svensson, Lars E. O. (82)
Wadensjö, Eskil (69)
Amer, Ramses, 1961- (68)
Asp, Petter, 1970- (68)
Widgren, Mats, 1948- (66)
Calmfors, Lars (63)
Premat, Christophe (62)
Ribbing, Michaela, 1 ... (62)
Grafström, Maria, 19 ... (61)
Selander, Staffan (58)
Johnen, Thomas, 1964 ... (56)
Ternhag, Gunnar, 194 ... (56)
Bolton, Kingsley (55)
Furusten, Staffan, 1 ... (54)
Hallengren, Anders, ... (53)
Iversen, Gunilla (53)
Gustavsson, Martin (51)
Lodén, Torbjörn (50)
Stam, Per, 1964- (49)
Hammarberg, Björn, 1 ... (49)
Sundström, Göran, 19 ... (48)
Destouni, Georgia (48)
Andersson, Gerhard (48)
Micheletti, Michele, ... (48)
McNeil, Peter, 1966- (47)
Stenius, Kerstin (47)
Bergman, Åke (47)
Lindfors, Petra (47)
Olsson, Ulf (47)
Makko, Aryo, 1979- (47)
Sundevall, Fia, 1974 ... (46)
Lindberg, Viveca, 19 ... (46)
Andersson, Roger, 19 ... (46)
Werner, Jeff D., 196 ... (46)
Glete, Jan, 1947- (46)
Johannesson, Paul (45)
Garsten, Christina (45)
Karivieri, Arja (45)
Frohnert, Pär, 1956- (44)
Lidén, Anne, 1947- (44)
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Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (16)
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VTI - The Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (4)
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