| 21. |
- Alqaysi, Hiba, et al.
(författare)
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Design Exploration of Multi-Camera Dome
- 2019
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Ingår i: ICDSC 2019 Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras. - New York, NY : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450371896
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Visual monitoring systems employ distributed smart cameras toeffectively cover a given area satisfying specific objectives. Thechoice of camera sensors and lenses and their deployment affectsdesign cost, accuracy of the monitoring system and the ability toposition objects within the monitored area. Design cost can bereduced by investigating deployment topology such as groupingcameras together to form a dome at a node and optimize it formonitoring constraints. The constraints may include coverage area,number of cameras that can be integrated in a node and pixelresolution at a given distance. This paper presents a method foroptimizing the design cost of multi-camera dome by analyzing tradeoffsbetween monitoring constraints. The proposed method can beused to reduce monitoring cost while fulfilling design objectives.Results show how to increase coverage area for a given cost byrelaxing requirements on design constraints. Multi-camera domescan be used in sky monitoring applications such as monitoring windparks and remote air-traffic control of airports where all-round fieldof view about a point is required to monitor.
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| 22. |
- Alqaysi, Hiba, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating Coverage Effectiveness of Multi-Camera Domes Placement for Volumetric Surveillance
- 2017
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Ingår i: ICDSC 2017 Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450354875 ; , s. 49-54
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multi-camera dome is composed of a number of cameras arranged to monitor a half sphere of the sky. Designing a network of multi-camera domes can be used to monitor flying activities in open large area, such as birds' activities in wind parks. In this paper, we present a method for evaluating the coverage effectiveness of the multi-camera domes placement in such areas. We used GPS trajectories of free flying birds over an area of 9 km2 to analyze coverage effectiveness of randomly placed domes. The analysis is based on three criteria namely, detection, positioning and the maximum resolution captured. The developed method can be used to evaluate results of designing and optimizing dome placement algorithms for volumetric monitoring systems in order to achieve maximum coverage.
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| 23. |
- Alqaysi, Hiba, et al.
(författare)
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Full Coverage Optimization for Multi Camera Dome Placement in Volumetric Monitoring
- 2018
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Ingår i: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450365116
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Volumetric monitoring can be challenging due to having a 3D target space and moving objects within it. Multi camera dome is proposed to provide a hemispherical coverage of the 3D space around it. This paper introduces a method that optimizes multi camera placement for full coverage in volumetric monitoring system. Camera dome placement is modeled in a volume by adapting the hexagonal packing of circles to provide full coverage at a given height, and 100% detection of flying objects within it. The coverage effectiveness of different placement configurations was assessed using an evaluation environment. The proposed placement is applicable in designing and deploying surveillance systems for remote outdoor areas, such as sky monitoring in wind farms and airport runways in order to record and analyze flying activities.
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| 24. |
- Anwar, Qaiser, et al.
(författare)
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Intelligence Partitioning as a Method for Architectural Exploration of Wireless Sensor Node
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI), 2016.. - : IEEE Press. - 9781509055104 ; , s. 935-940
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Embedded systems with integrated sensing, processing and wireless communication are driving future connectivity concepts such as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and Internet of Things (IoTs). Because of resource limitations, there still exists a number of challenges such as low latency and energy consumption to realize these concepts to full potential. To address and understand these challenges, we have developed and employed an intelligence partitioning method which generates different implementation alternatives by distributing processing load across multiple nodes. The task-to-node mapping has exponential complexity which is hard to compute for a large scale system. Regarding this, our method provides recommendation to handle and minimize such complexity for a large system. Experiments on a use-case concludes that the proposed method is able to identify unfavourable architecture solutions in which forward and backword communication paths exists in task-to-node mapping. These solution can be avoided for further architectural exploration, thus limiting the space for architecture exploration of a sensor node.
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| 25. |
- Aurangzeb, Khursheed, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Binary Image Coding Methods for Outdoor Applications of Wireless Vision sensor Networks
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - 2169-3536. ; 6, s. 16932-16941
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The processing of images at the vision sensor nodes (VSN) requires a high computation power and their transmission requires a large communication bandwidth. The energy budget is limited in outdoor applications of wireless vision sensor networks (WVSN). This means that both the processing of images at the VSN and the communication to server must be energy efficient. The wireless communication of uncompressed data consumes huge amounts of energy. Data compression methods are efficient in reducing data in images and can be used for the reduction in transmission energy. We have evaluated seven binary image coding techniques. Our evaluation is based on the processing complexity and energy consumption of the compression methods on the embedded platforms. The focus is to come up with a binary image coding method, which has good compression efficiency and short processing time. An image coding method with such attributes will result in reduced total energy requirement of the node. We have used both statistically generated images and real captured images, in our experiments. Based on our results, we conclude that International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee Group 4, gzip_pack and JPEG-LS are suitable coding methods for the outdoor applications of WVSNs.
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| 26. |
- Aurangzeb, Khursheed, et al.
(författare)
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Data Reduction Using Change Coding for Remote Applications of wireless Visual Sensor Networks
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : IEEE. - 2169-3536. ; 6, s. 37738-37747
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The data reduction capability of image compression schemes is limited by the underlying compression technique. For applications with minor changes between consecutive frames, change coding can be used to further reduce the data. We explored the efficiency of change coding for data reduction in a wireless visual sensor network (WVSN). This paper presents an analysis of the compression efficiency of change coding for a variety of changes, such as different shapes, sizes, and locations of white objects in adjacent sets of frames. Compressing change frame provides a better performance compared with compressing the original frames for up to 95% changes in the number of objects in adjacent frames. Due to illumination noise, the size of the objects increases at its boundaries, which negatively affects the performance of change coding. We experimentally proved that the negative impact of illumination noise could be reduced by applying morphology on the change frame. Communication energy consumption of the VSN is dependent on the data that are transmitted to the server. Our results show that the communication energy consumption of the VSN can be reduced by 27%, 29%, and 46% by applying change coding in combination with JBIG2, Group4, and Gzip_pack, respectively. The findings presented in this paper will aid researchers in enhancing the compression potential of image coding schemes in the energy-constrained applications of WVSNs.
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| 27. |
- Bader, Sebastian, et al.
(författare)
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Remote image capturing with low-cost and low-power wireless camera nodes
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of IEEE Sensors. - : IEEE Sensors Council. ; , s. 730-733
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wireless visual sensor networks provide featurerich information about their surrounding and can thus be used as a universal measurement tool for a great number of applications. Existing solutions, however, have mainly been focused on high sample rate applications, such as video surveillance, object detection and tracking. In this paper, we present a wireless camera node architecture that targets low sample rate applications (e.g., manual inspections and meter reading). The major design considerations are a long system lifetime, a small size and a low production cost.We present the overall architecture with its individual design choices, and evaluate the architecture with respect to its application constraints. With a typical image acquisition cost of 1.5 J for medium quality images and a quiescent power demand of only 7 uW, the evaluation results demonstrate that long operation periods of the order of years can be achieved in low sample rate scenarios.
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| 28. |
- Cao, Cao, et al.
(författare)
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A Tool for Low-Power Synthesis of FSMs with Mixed Synchronous/Asynchronous State Memory
- 2004
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Ingår i: 22ND NORCHIP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS. - : IEEE. - 0780385101 ; , s. 199-202
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An efficient way to obtain Finite-State Machines (FSMs) with low power consumption is to,partition the machine into two or more sub-FSMs and use dynamic power management, where all sub-FSMs not active are shut down, to reduce dynamic power dissipation. In this paper we focus on FSM partitioning algorithms and RT-level power estimation functions that are the key issues in the design of a CAD tool for synthesis of low-power partitioned FSMS. We target an implementation architecture that is based on both synchronous and asynchronous state memory elements that enables larger power reductions than fully synchronous architectures do. Power reductions of up to 77% have been achieved at a cost of an increase in area of 18%.
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| 29. |
- Cao, Cao, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis tool for low-power finite-state machines with mixed synchronous/asynchronous state memory
- 2006
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Ingår i: IEE Proceedings - Computers and digital Techniques. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). - 1350-2387 .- 1359-7027. ; 153:4, s. 243-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An efficient way to obtain finite-state machines (FSMs) with low-power consumption is to partition the machine into two or more sub-FSMs and then use dynamic power management where all sub-FSMs not active are shut down, with the effect of reducing dynamic power dissipation. Thus, FSM partitioning algorithms and register-transfer-level power estimation functions are the main focus of the paper as these are key issues in the design of a computer-aided design tool for synthesis of low-power partitioned FSMs. An implementation architecture is targeted, which is based on both synchronous and asynchronous state memory elements that enable larger power reductions than fully synchronous architectures do. Power reductions of up to 77 have been achieved at a cost of an 18 increase in area.
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| 30. |
- Carratu, M., et al.
(författare)
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A CNN-based approach to measure wood quality in timber bundle images
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). - : IEEE. - 9781728195391
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- At present, the Smart Industry is becoming a field of great interest for many worldwide researchers since it allows to experiment and research new advanced techniques. One of the most common explored approaches in operations where image processing has already been a milestone is the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Those networks have enhanced the current image processing algorithms, achieving an improvement in decision processes usually based on human experience, where an analytical model is not always available. This paper proposes a novel approach for measuring the number of rotted logs in timber bundles using a CNN trained on thousands of timber log images extracted from bundles. Today, the Swedish forest industry bases the selling price of timber bundles on the evaluation of a visual inspection. This operation is based on human experience to evaluate and measure timber bundles' features, which is necessary to categorize them. The proposed approach has shown promising results compared to the actual visual inspection made by operators showing an F1 score with the best CNN architecture of 0.89.
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