| 741. |
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| 742. |
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| 743. |
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| 744. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Preschool girls as rule breakers : Negotiating moral orders of justice and fairness
- 2017
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Ingår i: Childhood. - : SAGE Publications. - 0907-5682 .- 1461-7013. ; 24:3, s. 396-415
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines how preschool-girls organize situated board games. Examining video data, using an ethnomethodological approach, the study focuses moral work-in-interaction in instances where the girls negotiate rule violations. It was found that the girls oriented to diverse forms of moral orders, shifting between a competitive/justice-based order and a socio-moral order of reciprocal relations. Argumentative moves of cheating were used as communicative resources both to control moral transgressions and to gain personal advantages. Overall, the analysis shows that preschool girls are active moral agents in making and breaking rules and in negotiating complex moral orders.
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| 745. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevention of falls in the elderly: A review.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 41:5, s. 442-454
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Falls often result in soft tissue injuries, dislocations, fractures, longstanding pain and reduced quality of life. Therefore, fall preventive programmes have been developed. Methods: In this review, we evaluate programmes that in randomized controlled trials (RCT) have been shown with fall reducing effect. Results: Physical exercise that includes several training modalities, especially balance and strength training, is the only intervention programme that reduces both the number of fallers and the number of falls in community dwellers. Home hazards modification reduces the fall risk in community-living elderly but has the best effects in high risk groups when the programme is led by occupational therapists. Vitamin D supplement in those with low levels of vitamin D, adjustment of psychotropic medication and modification of multi-pharmacy are drug-related programmes that reduce the fall risk. Anti-slip shoe devices in elderly who walk outdoors during icy conditions and multifaceted podiatry to patients with specific foot disability are interventions targeted at the lower extremities with a fall-reducing effect. First eye cataract surgery and pacemakers in patients with cardio-inhibitory carotid sinus hypersensitivity are surgical procedures with fall-reducing effect. Multifactorial standardized preventive programmes that include an exercise component and individually-designed subject-specific programmes also reduce the number of falls. Conclusions: Fall preventive interventions should be provided to elderly by a structured approach, especially to high risk groups, as to reduce the number of falls and fallers.
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| 746. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Prevention of falls in the elderly-a review.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965 .- 0937-941X. ; 24:3, s. 747-762
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The proportion of elderly in the society increases and fall frequency increases with advancing age. Many falls result in fractures and also soft tissue injuries, longstanding pain, functional impairment, reduced quality of life, increased mortality, and excess in healthcare costs. Due to the magnitude of these negative effects, a variety of single- and multicomponent fall-preventive intervention programs has been initiated.This review identifies programs that, in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), have been shown with fall-reductive effects.The most effective strategies in community-dwelling elderly include regular physical training with program that includes several different training modalities. Modification of the overall or patient-specific risk factor profile in home hazard modification program has been proven to decrease fall risk in community-living elderly. The elderly in the community benefit also from wearing antislip shoe devices when walking in icy conditions, from adjustment of psychotropic medication, and from structured modification of multipharmacy. If vitamin D levels in blood are low, supplementation is beneficial as is the first eye cataract surgery and pacemaker implantation in patients with cardioinhibitory carotid sinus hypersensitivity. In addition to modification of specific risk factors, generalized and individualized multifactorial preventive programs, all including some sort of physical training, have been found to decrease the fall risk. In summary, there is now strong evidence in the literature that structured fall-preventive programs in the elderly, especially in high-risk groups, are beneficial in reducing both the number of fallers and the number of falls in community.
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| 747. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, 1967
(författare)
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Probability density functions of the differential group delay in optical fiber communication systems
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Lightwave Technology. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0733-8724 .- 1558-2213. ; 19:3, s. 324-331
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fiber communication systems limited by polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) are usually analyzed using statistics. The probability density function (pdf) of the differential group delay (DGD) is then crucial to know. There are cases for which the commonly used Maxwellian pdf is only approximate, e.g., PMD emulators, or systems with components having single components with large deterministic PMD. Those cases are discussed in this paper, and their pdfs are derived. To do this, we present a very general theory that allows for the derivation of the pdf for almost any birefringent transmission line. As a side result, we are able to prove that the square-sum concatenation formula is valid in almost every case of interest, even if the pdf is far from Maxwellian.
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| 748. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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På jakt efter det gemensamma
- 2001
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Ingår i: Stadskultur. - 9172671157 ; , s. 9-17
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 749. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Quaternion approach to PMD and PDL phenomena in optical fiber systems
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Lightwave Technology. - 0733-8724 .- 1558-2213. ; 22:4, s. 1137-1146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we introduce the concept of quaternions (which is a generalization of the complex numbers) and quaternion calculus and demonstrate how this theory may be used to simplify the treatment of polarization phenomena in optical fibers. We apply quaternion calculus to two examples: 1) the description of polarization-dependent loss (PDL) elements and concatenation of such and 2) the description of pulse dynamics and broadening in transmission lines with both polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) and PDL. Finally we present some novel results from the investigation of pulse broadening in a simple system comprising a PMD element, followed by a perfect polarizer.
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| 750. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Reducing Moisture Transients in the Paper-Machine Drying Section with the Mid-ranging Control Technique
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 20:2, s. 150-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new control strategy using feedback control has been developed for the multi-cylinder paper dryer configuration to reduce moisture transients in the drying section. The air system in the blow boxes was used to control the fast moisture transients in the paper machine. The new control system was combined with a previously developed physical model and was then compared with a conventional moisture control system. The comparison concerned the ability to restore the moisture ratio for two different dynamic changes, a moisture disturbance and a paper grade change. By combining the conventional steam control loop with an air loop, it was possible to significantly decrease the transient of the moisture disturbance.
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