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- Li, Jie, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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0.5 Tbit/s eye-diagram measurement by optical sampling using XPM-induced wavelength shifting in highly nonlinear fiber
- 2003
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Ingår i: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. - 1041-1135 .- 1941-0174. ; 16:2, s. 566-568
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this letter, we report on a novel all-optical sampling scheme using cross-phase modulation-induced wavelength shifting and optical filtering. Up to 500-Gb/s optical signal eye-diagram measurements have been demonstrated for the first time with a temporal resolution of 0.7 ps. Signal operational wavelength range covering basically the whole erbium-doped fiber amplifier gain range (1535-1569 nm) with temporal resolutions equal to or less than 1 ps was also demonstrated in the experiment. These results show that the sampling system is suitable for directly monitoring and evaluating ultrahigh bit-rate optical time-division multiplexed data at or above 160 Gb/s.
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- Gong, Mei, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Coordination of exergy analysis and the MIND method - applied to a pulp and board mill
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Exergy. - 1742-8297 .- 1742-8300. ; 1:3, s. 289-302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MIND (Method for analysis of INDustrial energy systems) method has been developed for cost optimisation of industrial energy systems, mainly with regard to quantities of energy. Exergy analysis reveals losses, efficiencies and possible improvements. These methods can be combined in order to improve industrial energy systems. In this paper, a Swedish pulp and board mill is used as a case study. The efficiencies of the processes in the mill are evaluated using exergy analysis. The most exergy inefficient processes are indicated and some improvements are suggested. This case study shows that it is the boilers and the evaporation plant that are the most inefficient processes, with efficiencies down to 29%. Different investment alternatives for these processes are studied and cost optimisation is achieved using the MIND method. The study shows that the energy costs can be reduced by up to 15 million Euros per year while the exergy efficiency can be improved by up to 14%. The combined approach shows that the energy cost-efficient alternatives are also usually exergy efficient.
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| 9. |
- Hall, Björn, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Pump-probe collision in optical fibers : Four-wave-mixing induced frequency jump
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of the Optical Society of America. B, Optical physics. - : Optical Society of America (OSA). - 0740-3224 .- 1520-8540. ; 18:11, s. 1652-1658
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An investigation is made of ultrafast pump-probe pulse collisions near the zero-dispersion wavelength in an optical single-mode fiber. A steplike probe frequency shift is observed when the pump power is gradually increased. The magnitude of this frequency jump is shown to depend on the phase difference between the pulses. This new effect is investigated numerically and experimentally and is attributed to four-wave mixing.
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- Hansryd, Jonas, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of PMD on four-wave-mixing-induced crosstalk in WDM systems
- 2000
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Ingår i: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1041-1135 .- 1941-0174. ; 12:9, s. 1261-1263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) on four-wave mixing crosstalk in wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) fiber systems is quantified on a commercial system. It is found that even a small amount of PMD reduces the benefit of using polarization-multiplexed channels for suppression of crosstalk. As a rule of thumb, it is suggested that polarization-multiplexed schemes are of significant interest only when system differential group-delay (DGD) is smaller than DGD <1/(4Δf), where Δf is the channel-spacing.
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