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- Clementson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Acute scaphoid fractures : Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment
- 2020
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Ingår i: EFORT Open Reviews. - : Bioscientifica. - 2396-7544 .- 2058-5241. ; 5:2, s. 96-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In cases of suspected scaphoid fracture where the initial radiographs are negative, a supplementary MRI, or alternatively CT, should be carried out within three to five days. Fracture classification, assessment of dislocation as well as evaluation of fracture healing is best done on CT with reconstructions in the coronal and sagittal planes, following the longitudinal axis of the scaphoid. After adequate conservative management, union is achieved at six weeks for approximately 90% of nondisplaced or minimally displaced (≤ 0.5 mm) scaphoid waist fractures. Scaphoid waist fractures with moderate displacement (0.5-1.5 mm) can be treated conservatively, but require prolonged cast immobilization for approximately eight to ten weeks. Internal fixation is recommended for all scaphoid waist fractures with dislocation ≥ 1.5 mm. Distal scaphoid fractures can be treated conservatively. The majority heal uneventfully after four to six weeks of immobilization, depending on fracture type. In general, proximal scaphoid fractures should be treated with internal fixation.
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| 3. |
- Kerry, Miriam, et al.
(författare)
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Multiple antihypertensive use and risk of mortality in residents of aged care services : a prospective cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 32:8, s. 1541-1549
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims The objective of this study is to investigate the association between multiple antihypertensive use and mortality in residents with diagnosed hypertension, and whether dementia and frailty modify this association.Methods This is a two-year prospective cohort study of 239 residents with diagnosed hypertension receiving antihypertensive therapy across six residential aged care services in South Australia. Data were obtained from electronic medical records, medication charts and validated assessments. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality and the secondary outcome was cardiovascular-related hospitalizations. Inverse probability weighted Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause mortality. Covariates included age, sex, dementia severity, frailty status, Charlson's comorbidity index and cardiovascular comorbidities.Results The study sample (mean age of 88.1 +/- 6.3 years; 79% female) included 70 (29.3%) residents using one antihypertensive and 169 (70.7%) residents using multiple antihypertensives. The crude incidence rates for death were higher in residents using multiple antihypertensives compared with residents using monotherapy (251 and 173/1000 person-years, respectively). After weighting, residents who used multiple antihypertensives had a greater risk of mortality compared with monotherapy (HR 1.40, 95%CI 1.03-1.92). After stratifying by dementia diagnosis and frailty status, the risk only remained significant in residents with diagnosed dementia (HR 1.91, 95%CI 1.20-3.04) and who were most frail (HR 2.52, 95%CI 1.13-5.64). Rate of cardiovascular-related hospitalizations did not differ among residents using multiple compared to monotherapy (rate ratio 0.73, 95%CI 0.32-1.67).Conclusions Multiple antihypertensive use is associated with an increased risk of mortality in residents with diagnosed hypertension, particularly in residents with dementia and among those who are most frail.
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- Wolf, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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The self-perceived impact of sexual abuse on daily life and general health - an issue to consider in dental care
- 2024
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Ingår i: Dental Traumatology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1600-4469 .- 1600-9657. ; 40:S2, s. 43-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aim: To analyse, from the perspective of adults with a history of sexual abuse, the impact of the experience on their general health and well-being.Material and Methods: The participants comprised 12 strategically selected informants (10 women), aged 19-56; all sexually abused during child- and/or adulthood. They were interviewed in-depth and encouraged to describe the impact of the sexual abuse on their daily lives. The consequences of sexual abuse on oral health have previously been reported. The interviews were recorded digitally, transcribed verbatim and analysed according to qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach.Results: The overall theme illustrating the latent content was Sexual abuse experience-limiting long-term consequences, always present in body and mind. The first category covering the manifest content was 'A lost foothold', with two subcategories: (i) emotional repercussions and (ii) physical health repercussions. The second category was 'The significance of distance to trauma', with two subcategories (i) keeping a distance and tending to escape and (ii) processing the trauma experience-a struggle towards balance.Conclusions: A history of sexual abuse cannot be understood in isolation: the long-term repercussions pervade daily life. However, after disclosure of the abuse and processing the trauma, it is possible to ameliorate some of the negative effects. In this context, the dental setting emerges as a potentially important venue for disclosure as almost every person, sooner or later, visits the dentist.
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| 5. |
- Strokan, N.B., et al.
(författare)
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Detection of strongly and weakly ionizing radiation by triode structure based on SIC films
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 93:9, s. 5714-5719
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The detection of strongly and weakly ionizing radiation by triode structure based on silicon carbide (SiC) films was discussed. The possibility of alpha particle spectrometry in spite of slow carrier transport via diffusion was demonstrated. Analysis showed that the signal generated by weakly ionizing radiation incident on a film had low amplitude.
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| 6. |
- Carlbäck, Mats, 1965-
(författare)
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To Be or Not to Be . . . : Brand Affiliation in the Hotel Industry
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A large proportion of any business’s value comprises intangible assets, and for many businesses a considerable part of these assets' value is attributable to brands with which businesses affiliate. In light of increasing affiliation of hotel properties with hotel chains and the increasing importance of branding in the hospitality industry, senior managers/owners should be aware of the importance of concepts such as brand equity and brand value and, better yet, incorporate them into their strategic decision-making processes. The extent to which hotel management scholars and industry practitioners understand or use the concept of brand value attributable to affiliation (BVAA) is, however, limited.The aim of this research project is to increase our understanding of the costs and benefits connected with operating a hotel independently or as part of an affiliation, using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Such an understanding could be used to spur further research but should also be directly applicable by the practitioners.The results of this research indicate that affiliating with a brand matters to managers/owners in the hotel industry, but also that brand-related concepts are used only to a limited extent. One of the studies comprising this dissertation, which included 51,000 hotels in the U.S. during a full economic cycle, suggests that affiliated hotels produced better financial performance than unaffiliated hotels, especially during the global economic recession of 2007–2009. On the other hand, the results from a study of hotels and organisations in Sweden suggest that brand value–related information attributable to affiliation is not used to any large extent in the industry. In the third study, a method for financially evaluating BVAA is developed, making it possible not only to measure whether affiliating produces a positiveBVAA, but also to demonstrate a practical method for financially assessing a current affiliation and the various affiliation options. Consequently, these findings should contribute new ways of treating the strategic question of affiliation.
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| 7. |
- Loryan, Irena, Associate Professor (Docent), 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Brain Distribution of Drugs: : Pharmacokinetic Considerations
- 2020
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Ingår i: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. - Cham : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg.
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is crucial to understand the basic principles of drug transport, from the site of delivery to the site of action within the CNS, in order to evaluate the possible utility of a new drug candidate for CNS action, or possible CNS side effects of non-CNS targeting drugs. This includes pharmacokinetic aspects of drug concentration-time profiles in plasma and brain, blood–brain barrier transport and drug distribution within the brain parenchyma as well as elimination processes from the brain. Knowledge of anatomical and physiological aspects connected with drug delivery is crucial in this context. The chapter is intended for professionals working in the field of CNS drug development and summarizes key pharmacokinetic principles and state-of-the-art experimental methodologies to assess brain drug disposition. Key parameters, describing the extent of unbound (free) drug across brain barriers, in particular blood–brain and blood–cerebrospinal fluid barriers, are presented along with their application in drug development. Special emphasis is given to brain intracellular pharmacokinetics and its role in evaluating target engagement. Fundamental neuropharmacokinetic differences between small molecular drugs and biologicals are discussed and critical knowledge gaps are outlined.
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