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- Allen, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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PCR-based DNA typing of saliva on stamps and envelopes
- 1994
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Ingår i: BioTechniques. - 0736-6205 .- 1940-9818. ; 17:3, s. 546-552
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In forensic cases involving mail bombs, extortion, kidnapping or threatening letters, biological evidence such as the saliva used to attach the stamp and seal the envelope could be used for genetic analysis. We have developed a highly sensitive semi-nested PCR method for the HLA-DRB1 locus; suitable for the analyses of very limited amounts of DNA. When applied to a set of stamps and envelopes with saliva from control individuals, typing results were consistent with those obtained using hairs drawn from the same individuals. No interference was found due to DNA from the fingerprints of people handling the letters. The system was applied to three forensic cases with threatening letters. The first case resulted in an exclusion of the suspect. In the second case, the suspect could not be excluded (probability of identical genotype by chance > 0.01). These results demonstrate that biological evidence in cases with threatening letters is amenable to genetic typing.
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| 2. |
- Khalil, M., et al.
(författare)
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Neurofilaments as biomarkers in neurological disorders
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Reviews Neurology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1759-4758 .- 1759-4766. ; 14:10, s. 577-589
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuroaxonal damage is the pathological substrate of permanent disability in various neurological disorders. Reliable quantification and longitudinal follow-up of such damage are important for assessing disease activity, monitoring treatment responses, facilitating treatment development and determining prognosis. The neurofilament proteins have promise in this context because their levels rise upon neuroaxonal damage not only in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) but also in blood, and they indicate neuroaxonal injury independent of causal pathways. First-generation (immunoblot) and second-generation (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) neurofilament assays had limited sensitivity. Third-generation (electrochemiluminescence) and particularly fourth-generation (single-molecule array) assays enable the reliable measurement of neurofilaments throughout the range of concentrations found in blood samples. This technological advancement has paved the way to investigate neurofilaments in a range of neurological disorders. Here, we review what is known about the structure and function of neurofilaments, discuss analytical aspects and knowledge of age-dependent normal ranges of neurofilaments and provide a comprehensive overview of studies on neurofilament light chain as a marker of axonal injury in different neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis, neurodegenerative dementia, stroke, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson disease. We also consider work needed to explore the value of this axonal damage marker in managing neurological diseases in daily practice.
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| 3. |
- Laguardia, L., et al.
(författare)
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Formation of dust in low-pressure magnetized hydrocarbon plasmas
- 2011
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Ingår i: New Journal of Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1367-2630. ; 13, s. 063006-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rapid formation of large molecules and the subsequent production of solid-state dust particles in a low-pressure discharge is unlikely, because of the low rates of the polymerization reactions and short lifetimes of the species. Here, we suggest that C dust particles can form in atypically low (10(-3) mbar)-pressure hydrocarbon plasmas if the dust charging time is much shorter than the gas residence time in the device; we present supporting experimental evidence for this. Such a condition can be obtained by the production of high-density plasmas. The results show that dust formation from the gaseous phase can occur in a much wider parameter range than is commonly assumed.
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| 5. |
- Britt-Marie, Ljungström
(författare)
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Parents´ experience of living with a child displaying oppositional defiant disorder. Top-down and bottom-up approaches to gain a deeper understanding of the complexity
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Clinical levels of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) during childhood are considered a significant marker of risk to develop mental illness later in life. If serious behavior problems begin as early as preschool years and persist through childhood and adolescence, there is a risk that the behaviors will turn into more severe behavior problems and develop into criminality and antisocial behavior in adulthood. The overall purpose of this thesis was to gain a deeper insight into the complexity in families with children who exhibit ODD behaviors and get a deeper understanding of the risk factors and conditions that may complicate the impact of a comprehensive parent training (PT) program for parents with children displaying symptoms of ODD. Fifty-seven children with clinical levels of ODD participated in study I, 19 of those in study II and, 30 of those in study III. The result from study I showed that the diagnostic criteria for ODD helped to identify and distinguish commonly occurring oppositional behavior from disruptive behavior problems (DBPs), but the accepted diagnostic criteria did not cover the entire range of problematic behaviors, especially those behaviors that constitute a risk for later antisocial behavior. Study II focused on the parents´ descriptions of the complexity in the family and parenting situation. The parents highlight the need to address parents´ own mental health problems, parental alliance, lack of parental strategies, capacity for emotional regulation, parents´ perceived helplessness, parental stress, sense if isolation and absence of supportive social networks. A careful assessment before parents join a parent training (PT) program should lead to a better adaptation of the PT program to the parents´ situation. Study III showed that it is neither risk factors alone, nor protective factors alone, that lead to different outcomes for children whose parents participated in a PT program; rather, a combination of risk and protective factors determine the outcome. Study III has led to hypotheses about combinations of factors leading to different outcomes. Aggressiveness in combination with either ADHD or negative emotionality (NE) in children, when parents simultaneously have mental health problems, or a lower education level, seems to constitute risks for families and lead to a negative outcome after intervention with a PT program. In all three studies, it has been shown that a subgroup of children displaying ODD in preschool and early school age, exhibit serious disruptive behavior problems. Early detection and early interventions are most important for families with children displaying ODD, to prevent the development of more serious behavior problems and antisocial behaviors in adulthood. Keywords: ODD, parenting training program, aggression, negative emotionality
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| 10. |
- Memisevic, Elvedin, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of source doping on the performance of vertical InAs/InGaAsSb/GaSb nanowire Tunnel Field-Effect Transistors
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nanotechnology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0957-4484 .- 1361-6528. ; 29:43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we analyze experimental data from state-of-the-art vertical InAs/InGaAsSb/GaSb nanowire Tunnel Field-Effect Transistors to study influence of the source doping on their performance. Overall, the doping level impacts both off-state and on-state performance of these devices. Separation of the doping from the heterostructure improved the subthreshod swing of the devices. Best devices reached a point subthreshold swing of 30 mV/dec at 100x higher currents than what Si-based TFETs has achieved previously. However, separation of doping from the heterostructure had a significant impact on the on-state performance of these devices due to effects related to source depletion. Increase of the doping level, helped to improve the on-state performance, which also increased the subthreshold swing. Thus, further optimization of doping incorporation at the heterostructure will help to improve vertical InAs/InGaAsSb/GaSb nanowire TFETs.
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