| 1. |
- Dunér, David, et al.
(författare)
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Perseverance
- 2022. - 1
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Ingår i: Pandemic Ponderings. - Uppsala : Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study. - 9789198194838 ; , s. 73-85
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 2. |
- Dunér, David, et al.
(författare)
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Un café con… David Dunér
- 2020
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Ingår i: ¿Estamos solos?. - Barcelona : Critica. - 9788491992394
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Jan O
(författare)
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Evolution of Patchily Distributed Proteins Shared between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes : Dictyostelium as a Case Study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1464-1801 .- 1660-2412. ; 20:2, s. 83-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Protein families are often patchily distributed in the tree of life; they are present in distantly related organisms, but absent in more closely related lineages. This could either be the result of lateral gene transfer between ancestors of organisms that encode them, or losses in the lineages that lack them. Here a novel approach is developed to study the evolution of patchily distributed proteins shared between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Proteins encoded in the genome of cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum and a restricted number of other lineages, including at least one prokaryote, were identified. Analyses of the phylogenetic distribution of 49 such patchily distributed protein families showed conflicts with organismal phylogenies; 25 are shared with the distantly related amoeboflagellate Naegleria (Excavata), whereas only two are present in the more closely related Entamoeba. Most protein families show unexpected topologies in phylogenetic analyses; eukaryotes are polyphyletic in 85% of the trees. These observations suggest that gene transfers have been an important mechanism for the distribution of patchily distributed proteins across all domains of life. Further studies of this exchangeable gene fraction are needed for a better understanding of the origin and evolution of eukaryotic genes and the diversification process of eukaryotes.
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| 4. |
- Anderssson, Kristina, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Chafing borderlands : Obstacles for Science Teaching and Learning in Teacher Education
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A major Western concern is that young people avoid science and technology programs. At various times, and in different countries, governments, funding agencies and businesses have made large investments in recruitment campaigns with the objective to increase students’ interest and attract new groups of students to these disciplines. In particular, girls and women have been the target group for many of these campaigns. The assumption is that if young people understood how exciting and interesting science is, they would choose these subjects. In other words, the problem is that young people "don’t understand what is best for their own good". In addition, research has shown that primary and pre-school student teachers often feel alienated by science education (Appleton & Kindt 2002) and that it may be difficult for these students to reconcile the role of teacher of young children with the role of science teacher in their identity formation (Danielsson & Warwick 2012). However, feminist science educators suggest that students’ lack of interest is caused by character and image of the disciplines (Brickhouse 2001; Scantlebury 2012). Feminist philosophers’ of science have challenged the view of natural sciences as objective, and argue that knowledge production is human activities that are socially and culturally situated (Haraway 1988; Harding 1986). A noted problem with science is its elitist image. Science is portrayed as difficult and demanding, and as requiring a special talent from those who study or engage with the discipline. A feminist pedagogical stance is to visualize and discuss cultural, social, and historical dimensions of science. This has also proved advantageous for the acquiring of science content knowledge (Sible et al 2006). Therefore, we argue, that one important aspect of science teacher education is to problematize science (education), e.g. by including feminist critiques of science (Capobianco 2007; Mayberry 1998).In this paper we explore the impact of a feminist teaching intervention within teacher education, focusing on the research question: What occurs when students are situated in the encounter between feminist critique of natural sciences and teacher education? What kind of obstacles can be identified and how will these effect pre-service teachers’ pedagogy of science? The intervention, data collection and analysisIn an ongoing research and intervention project we are studying how an increased awareness of gender issues in science and in science teaching among student teachers influences their identities as teachers, and their teaching of science. We have followed a cohort of approximately 120 pre-service teachers (early years to lower secondary) from two universities in Sweden, through their first year of science courses. As an integral part of these science courses our intervention has introduced critical perspectives on gender and science as related to the culture of science and a feminist critique of the sciences. The project as a whole is framed theoretically by Hirdman's (1990) and Harding's (1986) theories of gender order in society, where gender is constituted on different levels: the structural, the symbolic and the individual (Harding 1986; Hirdman 1990; Rubin 1975). Hirdman (1990) describes this pattern from two perspectives: first, the separation of the two sexes and second, the superior status of the male standard. The formation of gender consolidates differences between the sexes and the female gender is always subordinate the male one, independent of status, class, time, and space.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Anslan, Sten, et al.
(författare)
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Great differences in performance and outcome of high-throughput sequencing data analysis platforms for fungal metabarcoding
- 2018
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Ingår i: MycoKeys. - : Pensoft Publishers. - 1314-4057 .- 1314-4049. ; 39, s. 29-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Along with recent developments in high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies and thus fast accumulation of HTS data, there has been a growing need and interest for developing tools for HTS data processing and communication. In particular, a number of bioinformatics tools have been designed for analysing metabarcoding data, each with specific features, assumptions and outputs. To evaluate the potential effect of the application of different bioinformatics workflow on the results, we compared the performance of different analysis platforms on two contrasting high-throughput sequencing data sets. Our analysis revealed that the computation time, quality of error filtering and hence output of specific bioinformatics process largely depends on the platform used. Our results show that none of the bioinformatics workflows appears to perfectly filter out the accumulated errors and generate Operational Taxonomic Units, although PipeCraft, LotuS and PIPITS perform better than QIIME2 and Galaxy for the tested fungal amplicon dataset. We conclude that the output of each platform requires manual validation of the OTUs by examining the taxonomy assignment values.
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| 7. |
- Avdic, H. B., et al.
(författare)
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Reduced effects of social feedback on learning in Turner syndrome
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Turner syndrome is a genetic condition caused by a complete or partial loss of one of the X chromosomes. Previous studies indicate that Turner syndrome is associated with challenges in social skills, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. A possible mechanism is a reduced social influence on learning. The current study examined the impact of social and non-social feedback on learning in women with Turner syndrome (n=35) and a sex- and age-matched control group (n=37). Participants were instructed to earn points by repeatedly choosing between two stimuli with unequal probabilities of resulting in a reward. Mastering the task therefore required participants to learn through feedback which of the two stimuli was more likely to be rewarded. Data were analyzed using computational modeling and analyses of choice behavior. Social feedback led to a more explorative choice behavior in the control group, resulting in reduced learning compared to non-social feedback. No effects of social feedback on learning were found in Turner syndrome. The current study thus indicates that women with Turner syndrome may be less sensitive to social influences on reinforcement learning, than the general population.
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| 8. |
- Balksten, Kristin, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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A method to recreate historic mortars applied at Norrlanda church on the island of Gotland, Sweden
- 2008
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, scanning electron microscopy analysis of lime slaked in different ways and analysis of thin section limeputty and mortar specimens by light microscopy was combined with practical tests and field studies in order to evaluatethe impact of the slaking technique on the properties of the lime putty, and also the structure of the fresh and carbonatedmortar. The lime slaking methods studied were wet slaking and earth slaking. These techniques give lime putties withvery different consistency and workability. The aim of this work was to use microscopy techniques to explain thesedifferences in properties and to investigate if it is possible to use these analytical methods to recognize the lime slakingtechnique used in a historical lime mortar.The results obtained by electron microscopy show significant differences in structure between the lime puttiesstudied. The earth slaked lime consists of relatively large particles that are packed in a porous system as compared to thewet slaked lime with very small particles closely packed in a dense structure. After storing, the wet slaked lime gives aputty, that has a dense and clearly defined stratified structure, whereas the earth slaked lime is porous and has nostratification. The earth slaked lime is tixotropic and has a light, smooth consistency reminding of well whipped creamcompared to the wet slaked lime that has a strong orientation and a rather stiff consistency reminding more of pudding.Microscopy investigations of thin section mortar specimens showed how the lime affects the mortar concerninghomogeneity, density, pore structure and crack patterns.
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| 9. |
- Balksten, Kristin, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Increased salt and frost damages in solid neo-Gothic brickwork masonry due to low permeable restoration materials of the 20th century
- 2014
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Ingår i: 9th IMC, Book of Abstract. - 9789728692858
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Gothenburg many stone buildings of brickwork were built during the neo-Romanesque and neo-Gothic period in the late 19th century. The masonry was solid with a wall of bricks often covered with facing bricks with a hard burned water repellent surface. At Örgryte new church the bricks were put in lime mortar but the surface of the joints was made with a thin cement mortar layer. Salt problems are known in this church since early 20th century and the subsequent need of maintenance have led to several extensive restorations with replacement of external facing bricks and internal lime plaster during the years. In each restoration more low permeable facing bricks and more low permeable cement mortars have been chosen, followed by new problems inside the wall as the water transport properties in the wall has changed. Whereas salts have caused problems mainly on the surface, the restoration materials have caused problems with frost and salt damages in bricks and lime mortars in the wall core behind them.
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| 10. |
- Balksten, Kristin, 1977-
(författare)
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Kalkputs : porstrukturens betydelse för beständighet
- 2005
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- When restoring historic lime plaster it can be difficult to reach the required durability. Today newly made lime plaster can fall off due to frost damages after only a couple of winters. To understand and solve these problems, the subject has been studied from different perspectives. Several factors in the production step are making an influence on the durability of lime plaster: 1. A binder, suitable for the building, must be chosen along with sandthat gives good material properties in both fresh mortar and in plasters. 2. The lime/sand ratio and the mixing technique should be chosen from the properties in the lime and the sand, in order to get a mortar with good workability. 3. The craftsmanship should be adjusted to the mortar, the weather and the underlying materials. A plaster with good frost resistance has a certain pore structure. The plaster should have some round air pores that contain air even when the material is filled capillary with water. Such air pores give the water a free space to expand when it is freezing. If the air pores are missing, the ice crystals may damage the plaster when expanding. To increase the chance of making a frost resistant lime plaster, the lime/sand ration must be adjusted so the lime can fill up well in the sand. Otherwise a collapsed pore system can easily occur, which means an open pore system without distinct air pores. A collapsed pore system contains many pores well connected with each other. Such a system is easily damaged by frost. To increase the chance of success, it is of great importance to work the surface of the lime plaster at the right time and in the correct way. Before working on a surface the mortar must be aloud to stiffen. Only then a homogeneous material can be created; cracks due to shrinkage can be pressed together and the result is a more compact material with an open surface. The time necessary for mortars to stiffen is related to the water content of the mortar, the suction of the underlying surface and the weather conditions. If the surface is worked on while the mortar is still fresh, the binder can form a hard lime shell on the surface. Inside thematerial a lack of binder can appear. Such plasters have a very low frost resistance. Other durability problems related to plaster are damages in the underlying materials, i.e. rotten wood in covered constructions or leached lime in old joints. Such damages can occur if the covering mortar is made of strong hydraulic lime or cement, since they form plasters with a low permeability in comparison to lime. Due to mentioned findings, it is important to study how a pore structureis influenced by materials, mixture and craftsmanship. Only then it is possible to understand how damages can be decreased.
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