| 318051. |
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| 318052. |
- Raedeke, Thomas D., et al.
(författare)
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Burnout in Sport : From Theory to Intervention
- 2014
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Ingår i: Positive Human Functioning From a Multidimensional Perspective. - : Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. - 9781629485805 ; , s. 113-142
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 318053. |
- Raedeke, Thomas D., et al.
(författare)
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Coach burnout
- 2012
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Ingår i: Routledge handbook of sports coaching. - London : Routledge. - 9780415782227 ; , s. 424-435
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 318054. |
- Raeissi, Shamsi D.
(författare)
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Drug transport and metabolism in in vitro models of the human intestine : By Shamsi D. Raeissi
- 1998
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of this thesis was to study the mechanisms of drug transport and metabolism in two different in vitro models of the human intestine: monolayers of human intestinal epithelial cell lines and intestinal microsomes. The first part of the thesis shows that Caco-2 cell monolayers are a good model for mechanistic studies of drug transport. More specifically, the effects of an absorption enhancer, palmitoyl-DL-carnitine (PC), on the permeability of the various drug transport routes in Caco-2 monolayers were examined. PC increased the permeability of the paracellular but not the transcellular route. The Caco-2 cells were also used to study structure-transport relationships for a series of cephalosporins. The results indicated that the presence of an α-amino group will favour cephalosporin transport by the intestinal peptide transporter PEPT1 in Caco-2 cells. Finally, the bidirectional flux of a new anticancer drug, docetaxel, was investigated in the cell monolayers. The results showed that docetaxel was transported by P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the basolateral to apical direction. In the second part of this thesis, a subclone of Caco-2 cells, TC7, and rabbit intestinal microsomes were used as in vitro models to study intestinal drug metabolism. More specifically, the activity of the CYP3A enzyme expressed in TC7 was compared with the activity of human intestinal CYP3A4, using terfenadine as substrate. The results showed that CYP3A in TC7 cells is not CYP3A4, but probably CYP3A5. In addition, CYP3A in TC7 has a 30-fold lower expression than CYP3A4 in the human intestine, making this cell line useful for qualitative rather than quantitative studies of intestinal CYP3A mediated-metabolism. The interplay between CYP3A-mediated metabolism and Pgp-efflux of terfenadine was also investigated in TC7 cells. CYP3A and Pgp were found to have complementary roles inreducing the absorptive flux of terfenadine and its metabolites across the Caco-2 cell monolayers.Finally, testosterone metabolism in the rabbit intestinal microsomes was investigated. Five oxidation products and a new metabolite were formed which suggests that CYP2B4, CYP2C3, CYP3A6 and a novel glucosyl transfer mechanism are expressed in the rabbit intestine. In conclusion, the results of this thesis indicate that in vitro models, such as cell monolayers of intestinal epithelial cells and intestinal microsomes, are very useful for studies of intestinal drug transport and metabolism.
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| 318055. |
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| 318056. |
- Rafat, Mehrdad, et al.
(författare)
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Artificial Cornea
- 2011
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Ingår i: Ocular Periphery and Disorders. - : Elsevier. - 9780123820426 ; , s. 311-317
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This selection of articles from the Encyclopedia of the Eye is the first single-volume overview presenting articles on the function, biology, physiology, and pathology of the structures of the ocular periphery, as well as the related disorders and their treatment. The peripheral structures are implicated in a number of important diseases, including optic neuritis, thyroid eye disease, and strabismus. The volume offers a basic science background of these topics rather than a strictly clinical focus.*The first single volume to integrate comparative studies into a comprehensive resource on the neuroscience of the ocular periphery*Chapters are carefully selected from the Encyclopedia of the Eye by the world's leading vision researchers*The best researchers in the field provide their conclusions in the context of the latest experimental results
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| 318057. |
- Rafat, Mehrdad
(författare)
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Book Review On Integrated Biomaterials For biomedical Technology
- 2013
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials Letters. - : International Association of Advanced Materials. - 0976-3961 .- 0976-397X. ; 4:3, s. 250-250
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book covers a wide range of biomaterials from polymers and ceramics to metals, composites, nanomaterials, and biosensor materials for various biomedical applications. I strongly recommend this book for those who have a basic knowledge in biomaterials who want to expand their knowledge and to know more about biomaterials’ applications. Having said that, the book is so well-designed that is understandable by those with no prior knowledge in biomaterials such as students and young researchers or experienced researchers in other fields. For instance, at the beginning of each chapter, there is an introduction section with enough background information, which prepares the readers for the next sections. More specifically, I’m quite impressed with the application sections providing the readers with real-world health problems and how a specific biomaterial or a medical device, which is comprised of several biomaterials, can address those problems. This book can definitely help bridging the gap between science and technology in the biomedical field. I would like to congratulate the editors and the authors of this book for the excellent work and look forward to their next contribution to the field.
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| 318058. |
- Rafat, Mehrdad, et al.
(författare)
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Collagen-based bioengineered corneas : a material development update
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PurposeOur overall objective is to develop novel biomimetic materials that support the regeneration of diseased or damaged corneal tissue. This presentation will provide an update on such materials developed in our group.MethodsWe have developed a range of collagen-based materials as mimics of the cell-free corneal stromal extracellular matrix. Promising material formulations were tested pre-clinically for their physical properties (e.g. mechanical, optical, water uptake, etc.) and physiological properties (e.g. interactions with corneal cells, biodegradation, in vivo implantation in animals etc.). One of the early formulations was clinically tested in the corneas of 10 patients, results of which will be discussed.ResultsMore recently, our team of Canadian and Swedish researchers reported the successful implantation of cell-free, bioengineered corneas into patients with keratoconus and central scarring in a Phase 1 clinical trial. These implants acted as stable scaffolds that promoted functional regeneration of corneal cells and nerves. At 24 months post-operative, six of the ten patients could see four times further than before the operation. With the help of rigid contact lenses – the results in all ten patients were similar to what the traditional corneal transplant with human donor tissue would be, with one patient achieving 20/20 vision and two others with 20/25 vision.ConclusionsDespite the promising clinical results, more robust and elastic materials are required to withstand the adverse host conditions faced for high risk transplantation in severely damaged or diseased corneas as well as for full-thickness corneal implants. Examples of next generation biomaterials that have been implanted into animal models as partial and full-thickness grafts that allow regeneration of nerve sub-types and show resistance to neovascularization will be shown.
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| 318059. |
- Rafat, Mehrdad, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a Highly Elastic Bioengineered Cornea : From Research to Commercialization
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Despite the promising clinical results that we previously reported on biosynthetic corneas, more elastic materials are required for surgical manipulation and withstanding the adverse host conditions faced by high risk corneal transplants.Purpose: The overall objective was to develop novel bioengineered materials that can replace the damaged corneal tissue. Another objective was to evaluate the in vivo integration of the materials in rabbit models using a femtosecond laser intrastromal surgical technique.Methods: Bioengineered corneas were prepared using porcine collagen cross-linked by carbodiimides at various compositions and pH. Promising formulations were tested for their mechanical, optical, and enzymatic and thermal degradation properties as well as for interactions with corneal cells, and in vivo implantation in rabbit’s eyes. A femtosecond laser was used to cut 100 mircon thick discs of mid-stromal tissue from corneas of 15 rabbits and replaced with the bioengineered materials.Results: The new material demonstrated improved mechanical properties while maintaining its clarity and biocompatibility. The bioengineered implant retained its shape, thickness, and clarity 8 weeks post-surgery in rabbits. Conclusions: The bioengineered cornea developed in this work has the potential to be used and commercialized as corneal implants to replace the damaged tissue or for corrective surgery applications.
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| 318060. |
- Rafat, Mehrdad, et al.
(författare)
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In vivo integrity of intra‐corneal bioengineered discs in rabbit models
- 2013
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Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica; Special Issue: Abstracts from the 2013 European Association for Vision and Eye Research Conference, August 2013 Volume 91, Issue Supplement s252. - : John Wiley & Sons.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: We have previously reported the successful integration and safety of bioengineered materials as corneal substitutes in human models. Despite the promising results as corneal implants, more elastic and robust materials are required for use as thin intra-corneal lenses to withstand surgical manipulation for corrective surgery and improved vision. Most of the existing corneal inlays are made of synthetic materials. Here we describe the potential of bioengineerd materials for vision correction. Objectives: to develop bioengineered materials as inlays within the corneal tissue as well as evaluating the in vivo integrity and integration of the materials in rabbit models. Methods: Bioengineered inlays were prepared from collagen and tested for their physical and biological propertis. A femtosecond laser was used to cut 100 mircon thick discs of mid-stromal tissue from corneas of 20 rabbits and replaced with bioengineered inlays. Results: The new materials demonstrated improved mechanical properties while maintaining their clarity and biocompatibility. The bioengineered inlays retained their shapes, thickness, and clarity 8 weeks post-surgery in rabbits.
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