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- Ahlerup, Pelle, 1977, et al.
(author)
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Gold Mining and Education: A Long-run Resource Curse in Africa?
- 2020
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In: Journal of Development Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-0388 .- 1743-9140. ; 56:9, s. 1745-1762
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Combining Afrobarometer survey data with geocoded data on the discovery and shutdown dates of gold mines, we show that individuals who had gold mines within their district when they were in adolescence have significantly lower educational attainment as adults. Exploring mechanisms, we find that this effect is not driven by endogenous migration, nor a higher incidence of conflicts, nor by a lower provision of schools in mining districts. While data limitations prevent us from fully exploring other channels, prior work as well as suggestive evidence point towards a higher incidence of child labour in mining district as the main mechanism.
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- Bigsten, Arne, 1947, et al.
(author)
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Tariffs and Firm Performance in Ethiopia
- 2016
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In: Journal of Development Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-0388 .- 1743-9140. ; 52:7, s. 986-1001
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We use data on Ethiopian manufacturing firms and commodity-level data on tariffs to examine the effects of trade liberalisation on firm performance. We distinguish the productivity gains that arise from reducing final goods tariffs from those that arise from reducing tariffs on intermediate inputs. We find no evidence that output tariff reduction improves productivity, but we find large positive effects of input tariff reductions. These are robust to alternative productivity measures, treating tariffs as endogenous, and various generalisations of the model. We conclude that policy measures designed to facilitate access to inputs produced abroad may lead to productivity gains.
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- Bigsten, Arne, 1947, et al.
(author)
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Renewed Growth and Poverty Reduction in Zambia
- 2009
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The Zambian economy has grown relatively fast over the last decade up to the current global financial crisis. This paper discusses the challenge of using these growing resources effectively to improve the welfare of the population and to reduce poverty. The poverty head count index is found to have declined from 1998 to 2004 by about 5.4 percentage points. This change can be decomposed into a 6.6 percentage point reduction due to growth and a 1.2 percentage point increase due to inequality change. Since poverty is most severe in the rural areas it is important to make agriculture more efficient by improving roads and electricity, extension services and education. Our discussion further highlights the need to improve tax revenue collection and efficiency in realising budget expenditure plans. An important reform to undertake would be to change the budget cycle. The private sector development strategy should make the country a more attractive destination for private investors by creating a better business environment and infrastructure. The country also needs a new trading arrangement with the EU. Poverty relevant social services such as health and education remain vital. The health sector needs to be strengthened both because it has an immediate effect on welfare and because it helps build and protect human capital that is essential for long-term growth. Also social protection might have a role to play. It might be possible to use schools for channelling resources to the poor. Finally, improved governance helps all other measures to become more efficient.
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- Bigsten, Arne, 1947
(author)
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The Development of Development Economics
- 2016
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper discusses the historical roots of development economics and how it has changed over the last half century. We first identify the most important changes in orientation within development economics and discuss whether there are important areas that have been side-lined. Then we look at current work in development economics and discuss where the field should go in the future.
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| 9. |
- Bigsten, Arne, 1947
(author)
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Whither Development Economics?
- 2017
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In: Paths for sustainable economic development : a festschrift to honor Shubhashis Gangopadhyay on his 60th birthday / edited by: Robert Lensink, Stefan Sjögren, Clas Wihlborg.. - Groningen, Gothenburg, Orange CA. : Lensink, Sjögren & Whilborg, L, S & G.. - 9789163952159 ; , s. 45-59
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper discusses the historical roots of development economics and how it has changed over the last half century. We first identify the most important changes in orientation within development economics and discuss whether there are important areas that have been side-lined. Then we look at current work in development economics and discuss where the field should go in the future. It is argued that development economics must have a strong focus on policy. Areas which require more analysis include the determinants of the quality of government, investment in physical and human capital, and structural change. There is also a need further work on the processes and consequences of globalization and about how global collaboration can enhance global justice.
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- Siba, Eyerusalem, et al.
(author)
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The relationship among enterprise clustering, prices, and productivity in Ethiopia’s manufacturing sector
- 2020
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In: Review of Development Economics. - : Wiley. - 1363-6669 .- 1467-9361. ; 24:3, s. 831-854
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We use census panel data on Ethiopian manufacturing firms to analyze how enterprise clustering in local markets covaries with firm-level output prices and physical productivity. We find a negative and statistically significant relationship between the density of firms that produce a given product in a given location and the local price of that product. We also find a positive and statistically significant relationship between the density of firms that produce a given product in a location and the physical productivity of same-product firms in the location. These results are consistent with the notion that increased clustering of firms generates higher competitive pressure and positive externalities. Across firms that produce different products, we find no statistically significant relationship between enterprise clustering and firm-level output prices and productivity. We also find no clustering effects across towns. Our results suggest that while clustering can impact firm performance, the advantages are narrow in scope.
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