| 1. |
- Abdipour, Morteza, et al.
(author)
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A Design Research Lab—An Integrated Model to Identify Conscious and Unconscious Behavior in the Design Process
- 2016
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In: Advances in Design for Inclusion. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319419619 - 9783319419626
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To understand how different design solutions affect users, designers traditionally use different evaluation methods that mainly rely on conscious feedback from the users. However, the complexity of human behaviour, where a large part is unconscious, point to a need for an extended tool box addressing the part not accessible to human conscious knowledge. Here, we describe a design research lab where traditional methods are complemented with tools to measure physiological signals influenced by emotional and sympathetic responses. These tools include galvanic skin response (GSR), electrocardiograph (ECG), and electroencephalograph (EEG). Typical sessions with acquired data of conscious and unconscious user reactions are described. The large body of data collected, which also require non-design expertise for interpretation, suggest that a further development towards simplified output data of the unconscious reactions is needed to allow wider use within industrial design work.
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| 2. |
- Alarco, J A, et al.
(author)
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Early stages of growth of YBa2Cu3O7− high Tc superconducting films on (001) Y-ZrO2 substrates
- 1994
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In: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 75, s. 3202-3204
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Theearly stages of growth of high quality YBa2Cu3O7− (YBCO) filmsgrown on (001) Y-ZrO2 (YSZ) substrates by pulsed laser depositionhave been studied using a combination of atomic force microscopyand transmission electron microscopy. A one unit cell thick YBCOlayer and relatively large CuO particles formed in the initialstages. Additional YBCO grew on top of the first layerin the form of one or a few unit cellhigh c-axis oriented islands about 30 nm in diameter. Therounded islands subsequently coalesced into faceted domains. Elongated Y2BaCuO5 particlesnucleated after the first layer of YBCO. A highly texturedBaZrO3 layer formed between the YSZ and the YBCO witha cube-on-cube dominant orientation relationship with respect to the YBCOfilm. Journal of Applied Physics is copyrighted by The American Institute of Physics.
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| 3. |
- Alecrim, Viviane, et al.
(author)
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Exfoliated Layered Materials for Digital Fabrication
- 2015
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In: NIP & Digital Fabrication Conference. ; , s. 192-194
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We introduced an exfoliation method of MoS2 in a 3% solution of sodium dodecyl surfactant at high concentration (i.e. 2 g/L). The bulk MoS2 was thinned by mechanical exfoliation between sand papers and the resulting powder was used to prepare dispersions by liquid exfoliation through probe sonication. The resulting dispersion consisted of very thin MoS2 nanosheets in surfactant solution with average lateral size around 126 nm. This may be interesting for applications in inkjet printed electronics.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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Assembling surface mounted components on ink-jet printed double sided paper circuit board
- 2014
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In: Nanotechnology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0957-4484 .- 1361-6528. ; 25:9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Printed electronics is a rapidly developing field where many components can already be manufactured on flexible substrates by printing or by other high speed manufacturing methods. However, the functionality of even the most inexpensive microcontroller or other integrated circuit is, at the present time and for the foreseeable future, out of reach by means of fully printed components. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate hybrid printed electronics, where regular electrical components are mounted on flexible substrates to achieve high functionality at a low cost. Moreover, the use of paper as a substrate for printed electronics is of growing interest because it is an environmentally friendly and renewable material and is, additionally, the main material used for many packages in which electronics functionalities could be integrated. One of the challenges for such hybrid printed electronics is the mounting of the components and the interconnection between layers on flexible substrates with printed conductive tracks that should provide as low a resistance as possible while still being able to be used in a high speed manufacturing process. In this article, several conductive adhesives are evaluated as well as soldering for mounting surface mounted components on a paper circuit board with ink-jet printed tracks and, in addition, a double sided Arduino compatible circuit board is manufactured and programmed.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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Contacting paper-based supercapacitors to printed electronics on paper substrates
- 2012
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In: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 27:2, s. 476-480
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hybrid printed electronics, in which printed structures and silicon-based components co-exist will likely be among the first commercial solutions. In this case the paper substrate acts much in the same way as circuit boards, containing conductive tracks and acting as a carrier for the electrical components. It is important to consider the contacting of the components to be able to produce low resistance electrical contacts to the conductive tracks. Supercapacitors are able to deliver a large amount of current in a short time and are a good option for short term energy storage and if the printed product is to be used only one, or a few times, it can be the only power source needed. When manufacturing printed electronics, the overall resistance of the printed tracks as well as the contact resistance of the mounted components will add up to the total resistance of the system. A high resistance will cause a voltage drop from the power source to the component. This will waste power that goes to Joule heating and also the voltage and current available to components may be too low to drive them. If the intention is to use a power supply such as batteries or solar cells this becomes a limitation. In this article have been tested several conductive adhesives used to contact paper based supercapacitors to ink jet printed silver tracks on paper. The best adhesive gives about 0.3 Ω per contact, a factor 17 better compared to the worst which gave 5 Ω. The peak power that is possible to take out from a printed system with a flexible battery and super capacitors is about 10 times higher than compared with the same system with only the battery.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Henrik, Dr, 1975-, et al.
(author)
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PEDOT : PSS thermoelectric generators printed on paper substrates
- 2019
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In: Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications. - : MDPI AG. - 2079-9268. ; 9:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Flexible electronics is a field gathering a growing interest among researchers and companies with widely varying applications, such as organic light emitting diodes, transistors as well as many different sensors. If the circuit should be portable or off-grid, the power sources available are batteries, supercapacitors or some type of power generator. Thermoelectric generators produce electrical energy by the diffusion of charge carriers in response to heat flux caused by a temperature gradient between junctions of dissimilar materials. As wearables, flexible electronics and intelligent packaging applications increase, there is a need for low-cost, recyclable and printable power sources. For such applications, printed thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are an interesting power source, which can also be combined with printable energy storage, such as supercapacitors. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate), or PEDOT:PSS, is a conductive polymer that has gathered interest as a thermoelectric material. Plastic substrates are commonly used for printed electronics, but an interesting and emerging alternative is to use paper. In this article, a printed thermoelectric generator consisting of PEDOT:PSS and silver inks was printed on two common types of paper substrates, which could be used to power electronic circuits on paper.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Henrik, Dr, 1975-, et al.
(author)
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Variable low-density polylactic acid and microsphere composite material for additive manufacturing
- 2021
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In: Additive Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-8604 .- 2214-7810. ; 40
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thermally expandable microspheres are extensively used in industry as a lightweight filler for many products. The spheres can expand up to 60 times the initial size and are used for different purposes, including material reduction and surface modification. In fused filament fabrication (FFF), a material is deposited in a layer-by-layer process. Typically, FFF objects need not be solid because such objects are typically used for applications with low mechanical stress. Low material infill percentages are commonly used inside a solid outer shell to reduce material usage, weight, and manufacturing time. This paper proposes a new composite filament for FFF consisting of polylactic acid (PLA) and thermally expandable Expancel microspheres in the form of masterbatch granules. These filaments contain unexpanded microspheres that can be expanded during printing by heating. Two types of filaments containing 2 wt% and 5 wt% of masterbatch granules were manufactured and tested. The filaments were successfully used with a commercial 3D printer to manufacture objects with a density of 45% compared to objects manufactured using standard PLA. The tensile strength of these objects changed linearly with density and was comparable to that of PLA objects of the same density prepared using infill patterns. The composite filaments are advantageous in that they can reduce the amount of material used, as is currently done by using different amounts of infill in a pattern. Further, by varying the nozzle temperature, their density can be adjusted directly during printing as well as during fabrication to produce layers of different densities in the same object.
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