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  • Resultat 116551-116560 av 127849
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116551.
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116552.
  • Valyukh, Iryna, et al. (författare)
  • Optical properties of thin films of mixed Ni-W oxide made by reactive DC magnetron sputtering
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Thin Solid Films. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-6090 .- 1879-2731. ; 519:9, s. 2914-2918
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Thin films of NixW1-x oxides with x = 0.05, 0.19, 0.43 and 0.90 were studied. Films with thicknesses in the range 125-250 nm were deposited on silicon wafers at room temperature by reactive DC magnetron co-sputtering from targets of Ni and W. The films were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). XRD spectra and SEM micrographs showed that all films were amorphous and possessed a columnar structure. The ellipsometric angles psi and Delta of as-deposited films were measured by a rotating analyzer ellipsometer in the UV-visible-near infrared range (0.63-6.18 eV) and by an infrared Fourier transform rotating compensator ellipsometer in the 500-5200 cm(-1) wavenumber range. SE measurements were performed at angles of incidence of from 50 degrees to 70 degrees. Parametric models were used to extract thicknesses of the thin films and overlayers of NixW1-x oxide at different compositions, band gaps and optical constants. Features in the optical spectra of the NixW1-x oxides were compared with previous data on tungsten oxide, nickel oxide and nickel tungstate.
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116553.
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116554.
  • Valyukh, Iryna, 1972-, et al. (författare)
  • Spectroscopic ellipsometry characterization of electrochromic tungsten oxide and nickel oxide thin films made by sputter deposition
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-0248 .- 1879-3398. ; 94:5, s. 724-732
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Electrochromic films of tungsten oxide and nickel oxide were made by reactive dc magnetron sputtering and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The optical properties were investigated in detail by spectroscopic ellipsometry and spectrophotometry, using a multiple-sample approach. The W oxide film was modeled as a homogeneous isotropic layer, whereas the Ni oxide film was modeled as an anisotropic layer with the optical axis perpendicular to the surface. Parametric models of the two layers were then used to derive complex refractive index in the 300-1700-nm-range, film thickness, and surface roughness. A band gap of 3.15 eV was found for the W oxide film, using a Tauc-Lorentz parameterization. For the Ni oxide film, taken to have direct optical transitions, band gaps along the optical axis, perpendicular to it, and in an isotropic intermediate layer at the bottom of the film were found to be 3.95, 3.97, and 3.63 eV, respectively. Parameterization for the Ni oxide was made by use of the Lorentz model.
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116555.
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116556.
  • Valyukh, Sergiy (författare)
  • Liquid-Crystal Based Light Steering Optical Elements
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Workshop on <em>Liquid Crystals</em> for <em>Photonics 2010</em>, <em>Hong Kong</em>.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Effective and compact active optical elements such as lenses with variable focus distance and beam steering devices are highly required for many photonic applications. Liquid crystals (LCs) are especially attractive due to their property to be controlled with an external electrical field. The main idea is based on the fact that an external non-uniform electrical field and/or particular alignment features enable one to achieve a desired spatial distribution of the LC molecules (director). Non-uniformity of the LC medium leads to internal refraction that, in turn, affects the trajectory of the light passed. In other words, the light trajectory is steered by the electrical field.Functional abilities of LC optical elements are restricted by refractive index changes, poor control over index profiles, and thickness of the LC layer. In order to increase the steering angle and the lens aperture, the LC light steering elements are built on principles of diffractive optics, i.e. Fresnel’s lenses and switchable diffraction gratings are used. The present work concentrates on investigation of the potential of diffraction gratings and Fresnel’s lenses based on liquid crystals. Specificity of formation of a desired spatial distribution of the LC director, as well as the correspondent restrictions, is studied. The aim is to clarify the relationship between the width of the fly-back zone, the LC thickness, the principal physical constants of the LC material, and factors that can cause a sharp profile in the LC director distribution, i.e. external field and non-uniform alignment [1,2].ReferencesV. G. Chigrinov, Liquid crystal devices: physics and applications (Artech House, Norwood, MA, 1999)I. W. Stewart, The static and dynamic continuum theory of liquid crystals (Taylor & Francis, 2004).
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116557.
  • Valyukh, Sergiy, et al. (författare)
  • Liquid-crystal based light steering optical elements
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Photonics Letters of Poland. - : Photonics Society of Poland. - 2080-2242. ; 3:2, s. 88-90
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Potential abilities of active optical elements based onliquid crystals are investigated. We consider liquid crystal cells in whicha desired distribution of the liquid crystal director is achieved by a non-uniform electric field and by inhomogeneous boundary conditions. Theoptical elements built on principles of diffractive optics are discussed.
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116558.
  • Valyukh, Sergiy, et al. (författare)
  • Liquid crystal light deflecting devices based on nonuniform anchoring
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS. - : American Institute of Physics. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 97:23, s. 231120-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Tunable liquid crystal light deflecting devices based on nonuniform anchoring energy are proposed. These devices have uniform thicknesses of the layers they are composed of, and beam deviation is controlled with a uniform electrical field. Potential applicability of such an approach in beam deflectors and active lenses is investigated. It is shown that the approach is a competitive alternative to liquid crystal light deflecting devices, in which the needed spatial distribution of liquid crystal molecules is achieved either due to nonuniform thickness or due to generation of nonuniform electrical field.
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116559.
  • Valyukh, Sergiy, et al. (författare)
  • Low voltage liquid crystal lens with variable focal length
  • 2011
  • Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
    • Disclosed herein is a liquid crystal lens with a variable focal length. The gradient profile of the liquid crystals molecules that causes the gradient profile of the refractive index is achieved by inducing non-uniformly distributed anchoring energy and an external electric or magnetic field applied to the liquid crystal layer. Unlike existing electrically controlled liquid crystal lens, the external electric or magnetic field has a uniform spatial distribution within the liquid crystal layer. The focal length of the liquid crystal lens is controlled via the non-uniformly distributed anchoring energy and by varying the uniformly distributed electric or magnetic field.
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116560.
  •  
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