| 51. |
- Aagerup, Ulf, 1969-
(författare)
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The Impact of User Weight on Brands and Business Practices in Mass Market Fashion
- 2010
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Overweight people claim to be mistreated by the fashion industry. If they were, it would be in line with branding theory supporting the idea of rejecting fat consumers to improve user imagery for fashion brands. However, fashion companies do not confess to such practices.To shed some light on the subject, I have conducted two studies.The first attempts to illustrate what effect, if any, user imagery has on fashion brands. It is an experiment designed to show how the weight of users affects consumers’ perceptions of mass market fashion brands. The findings show that consumers’ impressions of mass market fashion brands are significantly affected by the weight of its users. The effect of male user imagery is ambiguous. For women’s fashion on the other hand, slender users are to be preferred.In the second study I examine what effects these effects have on assortments. I compare the sizes of mass market clothes to the body sizes of the population. No evidence of discrimination of overweight or obese consumers was found -quite the contrary.The reasons for these unexpected findings may be explained by the requirements a brand must fulfil to make management of the customer base for user imagery purposes viable. The brand must be sensitive to user imagery; a requirement that mass market fashion fulfils. However, it must also be feasible for a company to exclude customers, and while garment sizes can be restricted to achieve this, the high volume sales strategy of mass market fashion apparently cannot.
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| 52. |
- Aagerup, Ulf, 1969-
(författare)
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The influence of real women in advertising on mass market fashion brand perception
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management. - Bingley : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1361-2026 .- 1758-7433. ; 15:4, s. 486-502
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the weight of ideal users affects the perception of mass market fashion brands. Design/methodology/approach: An experiment was carried out in which 640 university students replied to a web survey, rating the brand personality of jeans and shirts according to Aaker's Big Five construct. The garments were worn by thin, overweight, and obese models. Findings: The findings show that consumers' impressions of mass market fashion brands are significantly affected by the weight of ideal users. Slender models lead to the most positive brand perception followed by obese models. Overweight user imagery is for pure fashion brand building the least attractive kind. Research limitations/implications: A limitation of this study is the use of convenient student samples. Consequently, the generalization of the results beyond this convenience sample may be limited. It is further possible, even probable, that high fashion would suffer more from the negative imagery of overweight and obese users than mass market fashion. It would therefore be interesting to replicate this experiment using clothes of higher fashion grade and price. Practical implications: The demonstrated effects of user imagery support the industry practice of slim ideal female imagery. Social implications: The results inform the debate over skinny models vs real women in advertising. Originality/value: Previous research regarding the effectiveness of real women in advertising has been inconclusive. This paper demonstrates not only that model weight affects consumers' brand perception, but also how.
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| 53. |
- Aagerup, Ulf, 1969-
(författare)
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To sell or not to sell : Overweight users’ effect on fashion assortments
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Brand Management. - Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan. - 1350-231X .- 1479-1803. ; 18:1, s. 66-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Overweight people claim to be mistreated by the fashion industry. Fashion companies disagree. Despite the controversy, actual research has been scarce. This study compares the sizes of clothes that the four leading mass-marketing fashion retailers in Sweden offer to the body sizes of the population. Although branding theory would support the idea of rejecting fat consumers to improve user imagery for fashion brands, such practices were not evident. The main contribution of this article is that it provides the first quantified empirical evidence on the theory of typical user imagery. In the discussion, it is posited that, although mass-market fashion brands should be susceptible to negative user imagery related to overweight and obese users, the companies avoid such problems by making garments that are not directly attributable to a specific brand, thus mitigating the negative effect of overweight and obese user imagery. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Ltd.
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| 54. |
- Aahlin, Kristofer, et al.
(författare)
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Preparation of 1-(4-(5-amino-6-(oxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl)pyrazin-2-yl)benzoyl)piperazine derivatives as glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors.
- 2011
-
Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Title compds. I [R1 = H or Me], and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, are prepd. and disclosed as glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitors. Thus, e.g., II was prepd. by cyclization of 3-amino-N-(4-hydroxypyridin-3-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (prepn. given) to get intermediate 3-(oxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl)pyrazin-2-amine, which underwent bromination followed by Suzuki reaction with (4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)methanone. Compds. of the invention were tested for their selective inhibitory activity of GSK3β, e.g., II exhibited Ki value of 2.3 nM. The invention compds. are useful for the treatment of cognitive disorders, diabetes, cancer, etc. [on SciFinder(R)]
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| 55. |
- Aakeröy, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Co-crystal screening of diclofenac
- 2011
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Ingår i: Pharmaceutics. - : MDPI AG. - 1999-4923. ; 3:3, s. 601-614
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 56. |
- Aalberg, Carmen, et al.
(författare)
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Governance patterns and performance of regional strategies in peri-urban areas : comparative analysis of seven cases in Europe and Chine
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report examines how different regional and local governance patterns and specific spatial planning strategies impact on peri-urban land use in Rural Urban regions. It draws from seven regional case studies, presenting a diverse mix of strategies ranging from protecting biodiversity and agricultural land, creating recreation and tourism opportunities to reducing pressure from building and infrastructure development. To study the means of influence or power an analytical framework of ‘policy arrangement’ was employed (Tatenhove et al, 2000): specifying rules of the game, resources, coalitions and discourses. Both government and nongovernment actors such as environmental groups or developers can form coalitions, adopt rules, employ resources and develop discourses to influence policies and developments in urban regions. The analytical and assessment frameworks defined by regional researchers and practitioners helped to organize the case study data and to evaluate both processes and outcomes of governance in peri-urban areas. The outcomes are represented in a summarized way for each strategy and region.The report provides examples of unsustainable developments in peri-urban regions and how certain strategies helped to counteract these, and emphasizes the importance of recognizing peri-urban areas as a policy field in its own right.A sustainable spread of land use over the Rural Urban region requires regional authorities whose jurisdiction covers the Rural Urban region and who have the appropriate mix of policy means of influence and relative power over lower level authorities. Under the current predominant discourse of ‘sustainable’ development largely being equal to economic development, the outcome of sustainability concerns depends on urban areas taking financial responsibility for the inclusion of common good interests such as ecosystem services, cultural heritage and social and environmental justice into the periurban areas. Recommendations for policy makers at different levels conclude the report.
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| 57. |
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| 58. |
- Aalberg, Toril, et al.
(författare)
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Media-driven Men and Media-critical Women? : An Empirical Study of Gender and MPs’ Relationships with the Media in Norway and Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Political Science Review. - London : Sage. - 0192-5121 .- 1460-373X. ; 32:2, s. 167-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is an investigation of how members of the Norwegian and the Swedish parliaments relate to and perceive their relationships with the media. Based on surveys conducted among members of the Norwegian Storting and the Swedish Riksdag, we find that male MPs have more frequent and somewhat less formal relationships with media and journalists compared with female MPs. The results also suggest that male MPs have adapted to the media and their logic more than female MPs. Female MPs also appear to be more critical towards the requirements imposed on politicians who want to get media exposure, compared with male MPs. Analysis reveals that gender differences are smaller among Swedish than Norwegian MPs.
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| 59. |
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| 60. |
- Aalto, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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John-Nirenberg lemmas for a doubling measure
- 2011
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Ingår i: Studia Mathematica. - : Institute of Mathematics, Polish Academy of Sciences. - 0039-3223 .- 1730-6337. ; 204:1, s. 21-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study, in the context of doubling metric measure spaces, a class of BMO type functions defined by John and Nirenberg. In particular, we present a new version of the Calderon-Zygmund decomposition in metric spaces and use it to prove the corresponding John Nirenberg inequality.
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