| 15051. |
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| 15052. |
- Löfqvist, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Mobility and mobility-related participation outcomes of powered wheelchair and scooter interventions after 4-months and 1-year use
- 2012
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 7:3, s. 211-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim was to investigate outcomes of powered wheelchair and scooter interventions after 4-months and 1-year use regarding need for assistance when moving around, frequency of mobility-related participation, easiness/difficulty in mobility during participation, and number of participation aspects performed in everyday life.METHOD: The study was a prospective cohort study, using an instrument focusing on mobility-related participation outcomes of mobility device interventions (NOMO 1.0), at baseline, after 4-months and 1-year use.RESULTS: The results show that the outcomes in terms of participation frequency and easiness in mobility occur in a short time perspective, and that the effects remained stable at 1-year follow-up. The frequency of going for a walk increased most prominently (26%). Even though the majority of the participation aspects were not performed, more often they became easier to perform: 56-91% found that shopping, walking and visiting family/friends were easier. Moreover, independence outdoors and indoors increased.CONCLUSIONS: This small study provides knowledge about the outcomes of powered wheelchairs and scooters in terms of mobility and mobility-related participation in real-life situations. The study supports results from former studies, but even so, larger studies are required in order to provide evidence for the effectiveness of powered wheelchairs and scooters. [Box: see text].
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| 15053. |
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| 15054. |
- Malm, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Alteration of rod and cone function in children with Usher syndrome
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Ophthalmology. - Milan, Italy : Wichtig Editore Srl. - 1120-6721 .- 1724-6016. ; 21:1, s. 30-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To evaluate the retinal function, with emphasis on phenotype and rate of progression, in infants and children with different genotypes of Usher syndrome.Methods: Fourteen children (2-10 years of age) with retinitis pigmentosa and hearing impairment were examined with full-field electroretinography (ERG) during general anesthesia, ophthalmologic examination, and genetic analysis. Five children were repeatedly examined (follow-up 5-10 years) with full-field ERG under local anesthesia and in 2 children multifocal ERG and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed. These results were compared to full-field ERG data from 58 children without retinal eye disorder.Results: Six children were genotyped as Usher 1B, 2A, and 3A. Full-field ERG demonstrated early alterations corresponding to a rod-cone dystrophy in all children. A remaining rod function could be verified in the majority of the children up to 4 years of age. After 4 years of age, there was a further deterioration of the rod function; the progress was severe in Usher types 1 and 2 and moderate in Usher type 3. In all children, the cone function was moderately reduced, in a few cases almost normal. The results from the 58 children without retinal disorder confirm that full-field ERG during general anesthesia is reliable. Multifocal ERG confirmed a preserved central cone function and in OCT there were discrete structural alterations.Conclusions: Full-field ERG during general anesthesia in children with Usher syndrome demonstrates variable phenotypes and different degrees in rate of progression during childhood.
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| 15055. |
- Malm, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Full-field electroretinography and marked variability in clinical phenotype of Alström syndrome
- 2008
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Ingår i: Archives of ophthalmology (1960). - Chicago : American medical association. - 0003-9950. ; 126:1, s. 51-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To characterize the clinical phenotype and to study the course of disease in patients with Alström syndrome, with an emphasis on retinal function assessed with full-field electroretinography (ERG). METHODS: Three age- and sex-matched patients with Alström syndrome were selected from our retinitis pigmentosa register for repeated ophthalmologic examinations that included tests for color vision and visual fields using Goldmann perimetry and for repeated assessment of full-field ERGs. RESULTS: Electroretinography demonstrated cone-rod degeneration in all 3 patients. A concomitant impairment of color vision and visual fields was also observed as well as marked variation in retinal function and in disease severity. CONCLUSIONS: Full-field ERGs confirmed that Alström syndrome is associated with a cone-rod type of retinal degeneration. In this study, we have shown a striking variability in retinal function and disease onset and severity, which has, to our knowledge, not been described previously in Alström syndrome.
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| 15056. |
- Malm, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Phenotypes in defined genotypes including siblings with Usher syndrome
- 2011
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Ingår i: Ophthalmic Genetics. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1381-6810 .- 1744-5094. ; 32:2, s. 65-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To characterize visual function in defined genotypes including siblings with Usher syndrome.METHODS: Thirteen patients with phenotypically different subtypes of Usher syndrome, including 3 families with affected siblings, were selected. Genetic analysis and ophthalmological examinations including visual fields, full-field electroretinography (ERG), multifocal electroretinography (mf ERG), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were assessed. The patients' degree of visual handicap was evaluated by a questionnaire (ADL).RESULTS: Twelve of thirteen patients were genotyped as Usher 1B, 1D, 1F, 2A, 2C or 3A. In 12 of 13 patients examined with ERG the 30 Hz flickering light response revealed remaining cone function. In 3 of the patients with Usher type 1 mf ERG demonstrated a specific pattern, with a sharp distinction between the area with reduced function and the central area with remaining macular function and normal peak time. OCT demonstrated loss of foveal depression with distortion of the foveal architecture in the macula in all patients. The foveal thickness ranged from 159 to 384 µm and was not correlated to retinal function. Three siblings shared the same mutation for Usher 2C but in contrast to previous reports regarding this genotype, 1 of them diverged in phenotype with substantially normal visual fields, almost normal OCT and mf ERG findings, and only moderately reduced rod and cone function according to ERG.CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of visual function comprising both the severity of the rod cone degeneration and the function in the macular region confirm phenotypical heterogeneity within siblings and between different genotypes of Usher syndrome.
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| 15057. |
- Malm, Kerstin, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Analytical evaluation of nine serological assays for diagnosis of syphilis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0926-9959 .- 1468-3083. ; 29:12, s. 2369-2376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The diagnosis of syphilis is most frequently dependent on antibody detection with serological assays. Assays for both treponemal and non-treponemal antibodies are needed to provide a sensitive and specific diagnosis. For decades, a first screening has been done with non-treponemal assays, followed by treponemal. However, in recent years, following laboratory automation, the reverse sequence screening algorithms have been developed, using a treponemal assay as the initial screening test.Objective: To evaluate serological assays for treponemal and non-treponemal antibodies, to use in reverse algorithm screening of syphilis.Material and methods: Six treponemal assays (one IgM-specific assay), two non-treponemal assays and one novel dual point-of-care (POC) assay for serological diagnosis of syphilis were evaluated. Serum samples from Guinea-Bissau and Sweden were examined, as well as two performance panels and samples from blood donors. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for each assay, using different assays as gold standard test.Results: The Macro-Vue RPR Card test was the most sensitive non-treponemal test and the TrepSure Anti-Treponema EIA Screen and the SeroDia TP-PA were the most sensitive and specific treponemal assays. Among the automated assays, both the Liaison Treponema Screen and Architect Syphilis TP showed high sensitivity, however, the former had clearly higher specificity.Conclusions: In resourced settings, where the reverse sequence algorithm is preferred for screening, an automated treponemal immunoassay for initial screening subsequently followed by the TrepSure test or TP-PA assay as a second treponemal assay appear highly effective. Finally, a quantitative highly sensitive non-treponemal assay, e.g. the Macro-Vue RPR Card test, could then be used as a supplementary test to evaluate activity of the syphilis infection.
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| 15058. |
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| 15059. |
- Melby, Kari, et al.
(författare)
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The Nordic model of marriage
- 2006
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Ingår i: Women's History Review. - Oxford, U.K. : Routledge. - 0961-2025 .- 1747-583X. ; 15:4, s. 651-661
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Between 1909 and 1929, the Marriage Acts were thoroughly reformed in all Nordic countries. These laws enhanced women's individual rights and ended a husband's legal power over his wife. Gender equality—though admittedly based on gender difference—emerged earlier in the Nordic countries than elsewhere in Europe. Secondly, the formation of marriage was reformed. Relationships by blood and marriage were no longer marriage impediments to the same degree as formerly. On the other hand, the minimum age of marriage for women was raised and new medical impediments were introduced. Thirdly, divorce was liberalised and no‐fault divorce was accepted, decades before European nations such as Great Britain, France, Italy and Germany. It is thus justified to talk about the Nordic Model of Marriage. The article focuses on the characteristics of the legislation and of the reform process itself, which included lawyers and politicians, as well as women activists and physicians. It discusses why the Nordic countries took an early lead in adopting marriage law reforms.
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| 15060. |
- Mohammad, Moman A., et al.
(författare)
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Association of acute myocardial infarction with influenza : A nationwide observational study
- 2020
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : PLOS. - 1932-6203. ; 15:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Influenza may precipitate cardiovascular disease, but influenza typically peaks in winter, coinciding with other triggers of myocardial infarction (MI) such as low air temperature, high wind velocity, low atmospheric pressure, and short sunshine duration.OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the relationship of week-to-week variation in influenza cases and acute MI, controlling for meteorological factors in a nationwide population.METHODS: Weekly laboratory-confirmed influenza case reports were obtained from the Public Health Agency of Sweden from 2009 to 2016 and merged with the nationwide SWEDEHEART MI registry. Weekly incidence of MI was studied with regard to number of influenza cases stratified into tertiles of 0-16, 17-164, and >164 cases/week. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated using a count regression model for each category and compared to a non-influenza period as reference, controlling for air temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind velocity, and sunshine duration.RESULTS: A total of 133562 MI events was reported to the registry during the study period. Weeks with influenza cases were associated with higher incidence of MI than those without in unadjusted analysis for overall MI, ST-elevation MI and non ST-elevation MI independently. During the influenza season, weeks with 0-16 reported cases/week were not associated with MI incidence after adjusting for weather parameters, adjusted IRR for MI was 1.03 (95% CI 1.00-1.06, P = 0.09). However, weeks with more cases reported were associated with MI incidence: 17-163 reported cases/week, adjusted IRR = 1.05 (95% CI 1.02-1.08, P = 0.003); and for ≥164 cases/week, the IRR = 1.06 (95% CI 1.02-1.09, P = 0.002). Results were consistent across a large range of subgroups.CONCLUSIONS: In this nationwide observational study, we found an association of incidence of MI with incidence of influenza cases beyond what could be explained by meteorological factors.
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