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| 2. |
- Kolodny, Harvey, et al.
(författare)
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Design and policy choices for technology extension organizations
- 2001
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Ingår i: Research policy. - : Elsevier B.V. - 1873-7625 .- 0048-7333. ; 30:2, s. 201-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Governments, anxious to assist the SMEs in their countries to survive and grow, face not only policy choices about how to assist with technology, financial resources and business direction, but also the complex issues of how to design organizations that can deliver these policies effectively. This study is a comparative analysis of how “technology extension” (TE) organizations are designed to support SMEs in seven countries. The study focuses on the design requirements for such organizations and on the design choices that have been used to satisfy the design requirements, given different policy frameworks. Prescriptive advice on the design of TE organizations is offered to both policy makers and managers of such organizations.
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| 3. |
- Löfsten, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Science Parks and the growth of new technology-based firms : academic-industry links, innovation and markets
- 2002
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Ingår i: Research Policy. - 0048-7333 .- 1873-7625. ; 31:6, s. 859-876
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The analysis distinguishes between firms (273 firms) on and off Science Parks in Sweden (1996-1998), in an effort to identify any element of added value which the park provides for new technology-based firms (NTBFs). The study showed some differences between the experience of firms on- and off-park in respect to innovation and marketing issues. Firms located in Science Parks were significantly more likely to have a link with a local university than off-park firms. Performance is examined under three headings: employment growth, sales growth and profitability. Initiatives to promote NTBFs on Science Parks, will yield a higher rate of job creation than policies to help NTBFs in general.
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| 4. |
- McKelvey, Maureen, et al.
(författare)
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Does co-location matter for formal knowledge collaboration in the Swedish biotechnology-pharmaceutical sector?
- 2003
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Ingår i: Research Policy. - 0048-7333 .- 1873-7625. ; 32:3, s. 483-501
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article addresses the validity of assumptions about the importance of co-locality for innovation, by analyzing whether or not co-location matters for formal knowledge collaboration in the Swedish biotechnology-pharmaceutical sector, or biotech-pharma sector. The population of Swedish biotech-pharma firms has been defined, based on the three criteria of geographical location, their engagement in active knowledge development, and their specialized knowledge/product focus. The firms' patterns of regional, national and international collaboration with other firms and with universities is analyzed, as well as the differing collaborative patterns of small versus large firm. In addressing the theoretical questions about the relative importance of co-location for innovation, the article also provides an empirical overview of the Swedish biotech-pharma sector, especially trends over time. This paper thus contributes to the literature by expanding our empirical knowledge about one European biotech-pharma sectoral system, e.g. Sweden, as well as addressing the theoretical question about the relative importance of co-location for formal knowledge collaboration.
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| 5. |
- Prencipe, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Inter-project learning : Processes and outcomes of knowledge codification in project-based firms
- 2001
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Ingår i: Research Policy. - 0048-7333 .- 1873-7625. ; 30:9, s. 1373-1394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we argue that the literature on knowledge codification has been overly concerned with the economic properties of its outcomes, neglecting the importance of its underlying learning processes. Following Zollo and Winter [Organisation Science, 2001, in press], the paper distinguishes three learning processes: experience accumulation, knowledge articulation and knowledge codification and suggests a framework to analyse the learning abilities of project-based firms. We propose that mechanisms for inter-project learning draw upon these learning processes and can be found at various levels of the project-based firm. Using empirical evidence from six case studies, we discern three empirical patterns, that we defined learning landscapes, of such mechanisms. Implications for the literature and practice of knowledge codification are discussed. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Acquisitions of start-ups by incumbent businesses A market selection process of "high-quality" entrants?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Research Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-7333 .- 1873-7625. ; 45:1, s. 272-290
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyze the frequency and nature by which new firms are acquired by established businesses. Acquisitions are often considered to reflect a technology transfer process and to also constitute one way in which a "symbiosis" between new technology-based firms (NTBFs) and established businesses is realized. Using a micro-level dataset for Sweden in which we follow new entrants up to 18 years after entry, we show that acquisitions of recent start-ups are rare and restricted to a small group of entrants with defining characteristics. Estimates from competing risks models show that acquired start-ups, in particular by multinational enterprises (MNEs), stand out from entrants that either remain independent or exit by being much more likely to be spin-offs operating in high-tech sectors, having strong technological competence, and having weak internal financial resources. Our overall findings support the argument that acquisitions primarily concern NTBFs in market contexts where entry costs are large, access to finance is important and incumbents have valuable complementary capabilities and resources. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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R&D strategies and Entrepreneurial Spawning
- 2012
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Ingår i: Research Policy. - : Elsevier. - 0048-7333 .- 1873-7625. ; 41:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyzes how different R&D strategies of incumbent firms affect the quantity and quality of their entrepreneurial spawning. By examining entrepreneurial ventures of ex-employees of firms with different R&D strategies three things emerge: First, firms with persistent R&D investments with a general superiority in sales, exports, productivity, profitability and wages are less likely to generate entrepreneurs than firm with temporary or no R&D investments. Second, start-ups from knowledge intensive business service (KIBS) firms with persistent R&D investments have a significantly increased probability of survival. No corresponding association between the R&D strategies of incumbents and survival of entrepreneurial spawns is found for incumbents in manufacturing sectors. Third, spin-outs from KIBS-firms are more likely to survive if they start in the same firm, indicating the importance of inherited related knowledge. The findings suggest that R&D intensive firms spur fewer entrepreneurs, but their entrepreneurial spawns tend to be of higher quality.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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The economic microgeography of diversity and specialization externalities – firm-level evidence from Swedish cities
- 2019
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Ingår i: Research Policy. - : Elsevier. - 0048-7333 .- 1873-7625. ; 48:6, s. 1385-1398
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We employ finely geo-coded firm-level panel data to assess the long-standing question whether agglomeration economies derive from specialization (within-industry), diversity (between-industry) or overall density. Rather than treating the city as a single unit, we focus our analysis on how the inner industry structures of cities influence firm-level productivity. Our results illustrate the co-existence of several externalities that differ in their spatial distribution and attenuation within cities. First, we find robust positive effects of neighborhood-level specialization on TFP as well as a small effect of diversity at the same fine spatial level. These effects are highly localized and dissipate beyond the immediate within-city neighborhood level. Second, we also find that firms benefit from the overall density of the wider city. The results emphasize the relevance of “opening up” cities to study the workings of their inner organization and support the idea that location in a within-city industry cluster in a diversified and dense city boosts productivity.
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| 10. |
- Baum, Christopher F., et al.
(författare)
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Innovation by start-up firms : The role of the board of directors for knowledge spillovers
- 2022
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Ingår i: Research Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-7333 .- 1873-7625. ; 51:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates whether board directors interlocked with or employed by innovative firms affect startup firms' propensity to be innovators themselves. Drawing upon a sample of more than 50,000 Swedish start-up firms, we find that board connections to incumbent innovators have a causal impact on the new firms' probability to apply for patents. The results are robust when controlling for industry, geography, firm age, as well as spillovers through worker and managerial mobility, external knowledge sourcing through patent disclosure, access to venture capital and board attributes.
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