| 1. |
- Swan, G.
(författare)
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Fracture stress scale effects for rocks in bending
- 1980
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Ingår i: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts. - : Elsevier BV. - 0148-9062 .- 1879-2073. ; 17:6, s. 317-324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nature of fracture stress size dependency is examined for rocks in bending. After establishing the order of the dependency for unnotched specimens, notched specimens are then used so facilitating a fracture mechanics approach. Such an approach is found to better quantify fracture stress scale effects than the alternative approach of Weibull-type statistical arguments. The explanation for this is found to lie in the former's ability to take into account sub-critical growth effects prior to the fracture stress event in rocks.
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| 2. |
- Östberg, Olov
(författare)
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Risk perception and work behaviour in forestry : implications for accident prevention policy
- 1980
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Ingår i: Accident Analysis and Prevention. - : Elsevier BV. - 0001-4575 .- 1879-2057. ; 12:3, s. 189-200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rate and seriousness of accidents in tree felling operations have remained at a high level despite prevention measures; training, motivating films, safety regulations, anti-kickback power saws, etc. In this study 731 subjects assessed the risks of 10 forestry situations. The subjects represented six different groups of forestry personnel and the assessments were made individually by means of paired comparisons. One of the stimulus situations was not concerned with felling and served as a calibration. Evaluation and statistical tests were made after arcsine transformation of the judgment proportions. The results supported the hypothesis that the fellers had an accurate and consistent knowledge about the risks in typical felling situations. It is concluded that the accident rate can not be reduced substantially by further training and motivational programs aimed at changing the fellers' working behavior; instead the fellers need better equipment, production methods and work organization which support safe behavior. The risk assessments of supervisors were the lowest of all groups, showing the need for closer collaboration between the production and the safety systems.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Kashfi, Hajar, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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A Migration to an openEHR-Based Clinical Application
- 2009
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Ingår i: Medical Informatics in a United and Healthy Europe,Proceedings of MIE 2009, IOS press. - 0926-9630 .- 1879-8365. - 9781607500445 ; 150, s. 152-156
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- MedView is a suit of clinical applications for recording, retrieving and visualizing patient records, which has been developed and in use for more than ten years. By the introduction of the openEHR architecture, the MedView project started an investigation to migrate from its locally developed framework to openEHR. Issues related to this process, have been discussed in this paper.
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| 7. |
- Kashfi, Hajar, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Supporting openEHR Java Desktop Application Developers
- 2011
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Ingår i: The XXIII International Conference of the European Federation for Medical Informatics, Proceedings of Medical Informatics in a United and Healthy Europe (MIE2011). - 0926-9630 .- 1879-8365. - 9781607508052 ; 169, s. 724-728
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The openEHR community suggests that an appropriate approach for creating a graphical user interface for an openEHR-based application is to generate forms from the underlying archetypes and templates. However, current generation techniques are not mature enough to be able to produce high quality interfaces with good usability. Therefore, developing efficient ways to combine manually designed and developed interfaces to openEHR backends is an interesting alternative. In this study, a framework for binding a pre-designed graphical user interface to an openEHR-based backend is proposed. The proposed framework contributes to the set of options available for developers. In particular we believe that the approach of combining user interface components with an openEHR backend in the proposed way might be useful in situations where the quality of the user interface is essential and for creating small scale and experimental systems.
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| 8. |
- Neth, Maria, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Weighted score ratios (WRS) give transparent weighting in multicriteria sustainability assessments - A case study on removal of pharmaceutical residues from wastewater
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 893
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainability assessment using multicriteria analysis (MCA) is a structured way of including criteria from the three sustainability dimensions (environmental, economic, and social) when comparing different alternatives. A problem with the conventional MCA methods is that the consequences of the weights given to different criteria are not transparent. Here, we amend the simple additive weighting MCA method with weighted score ratios (WSRs), which are used during the sustainability assessment to show how the weights affect the valuation of the criteria (e.g., cost per kg CO2e). This enables comparisons to other sustainability assessments and reference values from society, which increases the transparency and can make weighting more objective. We applied the method to a comparison of technologies for removal of pharmaceutical residues from wastewater. Due to growing concern about the effects that pharmaceutical residues can have on our environment, implementations of advanced technologies are increasing. However, they entail high requirements of energy and resources. Therefore, many aspects must be considered to make a sustainable choice of technology. In this study, a sustainability assessment was performed of ozonation, powdered activated carbon and granular activated carbon for removal of pharmaceutical residues at a large wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Sweden. The outcome showed that powdered activated carbon is the least sustainable choice for the studied WWTP. Whether ozonation or granular activated carbon is most sustainable depends on how climate impact and energy use are valued. The total sustainability of ozonation is affected by how the electricity is assumed to be produced, whereas for granular activated carbon it depends on whether the carbon source is of renewable or fossil origin. Using WSRs allowed the participants in the assessment to make conscious choices on how they weighted different criteria in relation to how these criteria are valued in society at large.
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| 9. |
- Sangskär, Heléne, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Safety, effectiveness, women's experience, and economic costs of outpatient induction in women with uncomplicated pregnancies: A systematic review and meta-analyses.
- 2022
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Ingår i: International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. - : Wiley. - 1879-3479. ; 161:2, s. 343-55
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Induction of labor is increasing worldwide, and some countries have started to introduce outpatient induction in low-risk women.To assess current knowledge concerning the safety, efficacy, women's experience, and economic costs of outpatient induction compared with inpatient induction.Multiple databases were last searched on October 19, 2021. Studies were selected according to our pre-specified inclusion, selection, and exclusion criteria.PICO; P-women with low-risk pregnancy planned for induction of labor. I-Outpatient induction C-Inpatient induction O-Outcomes according to the core outcome set for induction of labor (COSIOL).Pooled in meta-analyses. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE system.The 20 included studies, including 7956 women, showed an overall low incidence of adverse events and indicated comparable results for inpatient and outpatient induction, but the studies were underpowered for safety-related outcomes. Women's experiences of outpatient induction were mostly positive. Based on three studies, the economic costs consequence is inconclusive.Due to early randomization, heterogenic study design, and underpowered studies regarding safety outcome, the certainty of evidence is very low. It is uncertain whether outpatient induction affects the risk for neonatal and maternal complications.
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| 10. |
- Monie, Svante, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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A residential community-level virtual power plant to balance variable renewable power generation in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Energy Conversion and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0196-8904 .- 1879-2227. ; 228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Power systems with large shares of variable renewable electricity generation, i.e., wind and solar power, require high flexibility in both power generation and demand. Heat pumps and combined heat and power units within district heating systems and thermal storages have previously been studied for their potential to increase the flexibility of the energy system. When using these technologies for power balancing, they must be operated in a non-standard way with switched merit-order. This study hypothesizes that a residential area could form a locally operated entity, i.e., a virtual power plant, that provides power-balancing services to a national power system. The hypothesis is tested with a case study in Sweden where a combined heat and power unit, heat pumps, a local heat distribution system, and thermal storage constitute the local entity. A simulation of the energy balances in the system, with optimization of storage size, was performed. The results show that all power surpluses in the system are consumed by the heat pumps. 43% of the annual and 21% of the electricity peak load are covered by the combined heat and power unit. It is concluded that inter-seasonal thermal storage is crucial for the system’s flexibility. Also, large electricity surpluses, if converted to heat and stored, limit the ability of the virtual power plant to utilize the combined heat and power unit for power balancing at a later stage. Despite this, a local virtual power plant can provide increased flexibility by offering power-balancing services to the power system.
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