| 1. |
- Owens, Paul K., et al.
(författare)
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Molecular imprinting for bio- and pharmaceutical analysis
- 1999
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Ingår i: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 18:3, s. 146-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The potential of analytical techniques based on molecular imprinting is reviewed from the viewpoint of bio- and pharmaceutical analysis. A literature study shows that molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been implemented predominantly in three areas of interest to pharmaceutical industry laboratories. First, in sample preparation, imprinted polymers are used as the sorbent for solid phase extraction purposes. Secondly, MIPs serve as the stationary phase for analytical chromatographic and electrophoretic separations. Thirdly, imprinted polymers are utilised as analyte recognition materials in affinity assays. The advantages of MIPs, e.g., physical robustness, high strength, resistance to elevated temperatures and pressures, and inertness towards acids, bases, metal ions and organic solvents, have been well exploited in a large number of applications. This article focuses on how these benefits may be used for improving the quality of analytical procedures. Some key MIP disadvantages are also highlighted, especially in relation to other analytical techniques. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Abalos, M., et al.
(författare)
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Results for PCDD/PCDF and dl-PCBs in the first round of UNEPs biennial global interlaboratory assessment on persistent organic pollutants
- 2013
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Ingår i: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 46, s. 98-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first worldwide interlaboratory assesment on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) under the Stockholm Convention was organized in the Asian/Pacific, Latin American and African regions during 2009-11.A relatively large number of laboratories reported data for the PCDDs/PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs, especially in the Asian region. Within the Asian region, several participants used high-resolution GC/high-resolution MS systems optimized for dioxin analysis. The availibility of High-resolution mass spectrometer instrumentation is limited in the Latin America and African regions, although recently several new laboratories for dioxins have started in the Latin American region.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Extending the potential of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance massspectrometry for the analysis of disinfection by-products
- 2023
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Ingår i: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 167
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Potentially harmful disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed upon drinking water treatment when disinfectantsreact with organic matter in the water. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) provides information on the compositions of individual DBPs in the unknown, toxicologically relevantfraction, comprising non-volatile, high-molecular weight DBPs. This review evaluates current applications of FTICR-MS for DBP analysis to assist improved analysis with this technique. Four methodological aspects are infocus, 1) The use of quenching agents, 2) The choice of extraction method 3) The choice of ionization techniques/modes, and 4) Data processing including DBP formula verification and interpretation. Quenching can lead todecomposition or adduct formation and needs to be further evaluated or avoided. There is a large potential toexpand FT-ICR-MS DBP analysis by applying different SPE sorbents and ionization techniques, and improvedsystematic verification procedures are important to ensure reliable non-target analysis.
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| 5. |
- Bogdal, C., et al.
(författare)
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Worldwide distribution of persistent organic pollutants in air, including results of air monitoring by passive air sampling in five continents
- 2013
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Ingår i: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 46, s. 150-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article provides an overview of concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in ambient air on a global scale, including recent measurements and an extensive compilation of literature data. In this study, passive air samplers (PASs) were successfully employed to assess concentrations of POPs in ambient air from Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Islands. The project aimed to extend the knowledge on environmental contamination by POPs in these regions, where the currently available data are still limited to a few monitoring studies.The ambient air concentrations of PCB in Africa were relatively high when compared to other regions. Waste, in particular electronic waste, exported to Africa from industrialized countries may be a possible source of PCB in Africa, where PCB have never been extensively used or produced. For DDTs, the wide range of concentrations and particularly high levels in some countries of Africa and the Pacific Islands reflect the use of DDT for malaria control in these regions. For PCDD/PCDF, concentrations in Africa and Latin America are similar to or even higher than in Europe, probably due to unfavorable combustion practices of chlorine-containing materials.The data support the needs for further monitoring in developing countries and countries with economies in transition, and action to reduce environmental contamination by, and human exposure to, hazardous chemicals.
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| 6. |
- Bornehag, Carl-Gustaf, 1957-
(författare)
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Phthalate exposure heralds birth defects
- 2015
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Ingår i: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 64, s. VI-VI
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Brodin, Tomas
(författare)
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Drugs cause fishy behavior
- 2013
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Ingår i: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 45, s. IX-IX
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 8. |
- Brown, Andrew S., et al.
(författare)
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Sampling of gaseous sulfur-containing compounds at low concentrations with a review of best-practice methods for biogas and natural gas applications
- 2015
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Ingår i: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 64, s. 42-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The accurate quantification of low-concentration sulfur-containing compounds is essential for the biogas and natural gas industries. We review literature data for the stability of these compounds in standard gas mixtures when sampled in cylinders with different passivations, sample bags, sorbent tubes, solid-phase microextraction and glass sampling bulbs, and we present new data obtained at our three National Measurement Institutes. We show that losses of sulfur-containing compounds are minimized when using passivated sampling cylinders, and the most suitable sorbent material for sampling these compounds is Tenax TA. We also discuss methods for transferring gas from sample vessels to analyzers and give recommendations for the selection of regulators (and other pressure-reducing devices) and transfer lines. Further, we propose approaches that could be taken to reduce or correct for losses in order to provide more accurate measurements of sulfur-containing compounds.
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| 9. |
- Elmongy, Hatem, et al.
(författare)
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Saliva as an alternative specimen to plasma for drug bioanalysis : A review
- 2016
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Ingår i: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 83, s. 70-79
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Saliva provides a suitable medium for screening and determination of drugs. It is easy to collect and handle besides the non-invasive sampling. Extraction techniques such as micro-extraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) and dried saliva spot (DSS) provides fast and efficient recovery of the analytes. Moreover, MEPS could be fully automated to ascertain method reproducibility and DSS provides fast simultaneous collection and extraction of samples. Several studies were conducted to determine drugs in saliva in correlation to plasma aiming to establish rigid evidence on the suitability of saliva in monitoring of drug levels. Only free drug could be present in salivary fluid thus protein binding of drugs affect markedly on the salivary levels of drugs. Pharmacokinetic parameters could be determined for drugs in saliva with emphasis on diffusion parameters of drugs to salivary fluid such as pH and drug lipophilicity. Screening techniques are mainly based on mass spectrometry (MS) with an emphasis on Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), due to limited sample volumes and the low detection limits. Saliva could make drug testing outside laboratory environments feasible with the appropriate techniques for analysis. This review focuses on the developments and challenges in testing of drugs in saliva in correlation to plasma and application to drug analysis in saliva regarding therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetics.
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| 10. |
- Fang, Wei, et al.
(författare)
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Lipidomes in health and disease : Analytical strategies and considerations
- 2019
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Ingår i: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 120
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lipidomics is a rapidly-growing field which focuses on global characterization of lipids at molecular and systems levels. As small changes in the concentrations of lipids may have important physiological consequences, much attention in the field has recently been paid to more accurate quantitation and identification of lipids. Community-wide efforts have been initiated, aiming to develop best practices for lipidomic analyses and reporting of lipidomic data. Nevertheless, current approaches for comprehensive analysis of lipidomes have some inherent challenges and limitations. Additionally, there is, currently, limited knowledge concerning the impacts of various external and internal exposures on lipid levels. In this review, we discuss the recent progress in lipidomics analysis, with a primary focus on analytical approaches, as well as on the different sources of variation in quantifying lipid levels, both technical and biological.
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