| 1. |
- Herrera-Belaroussi, Aude, et al.
(författare)
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Candidatus Frankia nodulisporulans sp. nov., an Alnus glutinosa-infective Frankia species unable to grow in pure culture and able to sporulate in-planta
- 2020
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Ingår i: Systematic and Applied Microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0723-2020 .- 1618-0984. ; 43:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe a new Frankia species, for three non-isolated strains obtained from Alnus glutinosa in France and Sweden, respectively. These strains can nodulate several Alnus species (A. glutinosa, A. incana, A. alno-betula), they form hyphae, vesicles and sporangia in the root nodule cortex but have resisted all attempts at isolation in pure culture. Their genomes have been sequenced, they are significantly smaller than those of other Alnus-infective species (5 Mb instead of 7.5 Mb) and are very closely related to one another (ANI of 100%). The name Candidatus Frankia nodulisporulans is proposed.
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| 2. |
- Jaén-Luchoro, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Corynebacterium sanguinis sp. nov., a clinical and environmental associated corynebacterium.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Systematic and applied microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1618-0984 .- 0723-2020. ; 43:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clinical and environmental-associated strains (n=17), genotypically related to Corynebacterium spp., yet distinct from any species of the genus Corynebacterium with validly published names, have been isolated during the last 20 years and tentatively identified as Corynebacterium sanguinis, although the combination, "Corynebacterium sanguinis" was never validly published. The comprehensive genotypic and phenotypic characterisations and genomic analyses in this study support the proposal for recognizing the species within the genus Corynebacterium, for which the name, Corynebacterium sanguinis sp. nov., is reaffirmed and proposed. Strains of Corynebacterium sanguinis are Gram-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, short, pleomorphic and coryneform bacilli, growing aerobically, with CO2. They contain mycolic acids, major respiratory menaquinones, MK-8 (II-H2) and MK-9 (II-H2), and polar lipids, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphoglycolipid, glycolipids and a novel lipid that remains to be characterized and identified. Strains of Corynebacterium sanguinis are genotypically most similar to Corynebacterium lipophiliflavum, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 98.3% and rpoB sequence similarities of 94.9-95.2%. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis were able to clearly differentiate Corynebacterium sanguinis from the most closely related species. The genome size of Corynebacterium sanguinis is 2.28-2.37Mbp with 65.1-65.5mol% G+C content. A total of 2202-2318 ORFs were predicted, comprising 2141-2251 protein-encoding genes. The type strain is CCUG 58655T (=CCM 8873T=NCTC 14287T).
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| 3. |
- Fischer, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Forests in the Bioeconomy: Stories from the National Forest Program
- 2020
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Ingår i: Society and Natural Resources. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0894-1920 .- 1521-0723. ; 33, s. 896-913
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of a bioeconomy has been placed central in formation of a Swedish National Forest Program (NFP). Drawing on Hajer's conceptual framework of storylines, we present a discourse analysis of the working group reports underlying the establishment of the NFP strategy. We ask what stories about Swedish forests come to dominate the NFP process, how well they reflect the commitment of balancing economic, social and environmental interests, and what role the concept of a bioeconomy, has on the formation of these stories. Storylines of Swedish forests in the bioeconomy unite wider European discourses on the bioeconomy and climate change with historical Swedish forest policy discourses, revitalizing a discourse coalition comprising the state and the industry. Particular to the Swedish discourse is the strong emphasis on creating consensus around a single story of the forest-based bioeconomy.
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| 4. |
- Mellegård, Viveca, et al.
(författare)
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Craftsmanship as a Carrier of Indigenous and Local Ecological Knowledge : Photographic Insights from Sami Duodji and Archipelago Fishing
- 2020
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Ingår i: Society & Natural Resources. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0894-1920 .- 1521-0723. ; 33:10, s. 1252-1272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Indigenous and Local Ecological Knowledge (ILEK) has been recognized for its potential and contribution to sustainable use of natural resources. It has proven difficult, however, to investigate and observe its tacit and embodied character. The objective of this article is to explore ways in which we can theoretically and methodologically understand ILEK. It does so by theorizing ILEK as craftsmanship using literature on practice theory, and analyzing the tacit and embodied nature of craftsmanship of a Sami craftswoman and an archipelago fisherman through the use of visual methods. Results of this study are used to analyze and discuss how craftsmanship reproduces ILEK and its potential to contribute to environmental sustainability.
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| 5. |
- Larsson, I. A. Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental study of confined coaxial jets in a non‑axisymmetric co‑flow
- 2020
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Ingår i: Experiments in Fluids. - : Springer Nature. - 0723-4864 .- 1432-1114. ; 61:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Confined, turbulent, coaxial jets in a non-axisymmetric co-flow are studied using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) simultaneously. Eight different cases are measured. Two momentum flow ratios ofthe co-flow are used in the experiment to investigate the effect on the coaxial burner jet behavior and mixing characteristics of the coaxial jet flow and the co-flowing, secondary fluid. In addition, four different momentum flow ratios of the coaxial outer to inner jet are investigated. The objective of the study is to get a deeper understanding of how the flow dynamics affects the entrainment and mixing process in a coaxial jet with a non-axisymmetric, surrounding co-flow. The results show that the introduction of a coaxial stream affects the inner jet and decreases the mixing with the surrounding co-flow; the effect is enhanced as the momentum flow ratio of the coaxial jet increases. The distribution of the secondary, co-flowing fluid controls the shape and direction of the coaxial jet, but does not have a significant impact on the mixing process near the centerline. Practical implications of this investigation are related to the possibility to better control a diffusion flame by introducing acoaxial stream. In this context it is concluded that it is possible to affect the jet development and hence the flame length. The conclusion is based on the assumption that the outer, coaxial stream has a low mass flow, not enough to provide complete combustion, and hence the co-flowing, secondary fluid provides the air needed for the combustion process.
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| 6. |
- Ma, Xu, et al.
(författare)
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Passive Seismic Imaging of Stress Evolution with Mining-Induced Seismicity at Hard-Rock Deep Mines
- 2020
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Ingår i: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. - : Springer. - 0723-2632 .- 1434-453X. ; 53:6, s. 2789-2804
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work aims to examine the stress redistribution with evolving seismicity rates using a passive seismic tomographic tool. We compiled a total of 26,000 events from two underground mines and partitioned them into multiple clusters in a temporal sequence, each of which contains 1000 events. To image stress redistribution associated with seismicity rates, we then run the tomographic studies using each cluster to yield seismic tomograms and computed the corresponding seismicity rate. We found that high velocity anomalies grew with the increase of seismicity rates, and they switched to a shrinking tendency under low seismicity rates. Results of this study imply that seismicity rates increase with increasing stress concentration and decrease with decreasing stress concentration. This study highlights the value of utilizing passive seismic tomography for estimating stress evolution associated with the change of seismicity rates at underground mines. Our findings illuminate the applications of using mining-induced seismicity to assess stress redistribution associated with seismicity rates at hard-rock mines, providing insights into seismic hazards for deep mining.
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| 7. |
- van Eldert, Jeroen, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Application of Measurement While Drilling Technology to Predict Rock Mass Quality and Rock Support for Tunnelling
- 2020
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Ingår i: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. - : Springer. - 0723-2632 .- 1434-453X. ; 53:3, s. 1349-1358
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A tunnelling project is normally initiated with a site investigation to determine the in situ rock mass conditions and to generate the basis for the tunnel design and rock support. However, since site investigations often are based on limited information (surface mapping, geophysical profiles, few bore holes, etc.), the estimation of the rock mass conditions may contain inaccuracies, resulting in underestimating the required rock support. The study hypothesised that these inaccuracies could be reduced using Measurement While Drilling (MWD) technology to assist in the decision-making process. A case study of two tunnels in the Stockholm bypass found the rock mass quality was severely overestimated by the site investigation; more than 45% of the investigated sections had a lower rock mass quality than expected. MWD data were recorded in 25 m grout holes and 6 m blast holes. The MWD data were normalised so that the long grout holes with larger hole diameters and the shorter blast holes with smaller hole diameters gave similar results. With normalised MWD data, it was possible to mimic the tunnel contour mapping; results showed good correlation with mapped Q-value and installed rock support. MWD technology can improve the accuracy of forecasting the rock mass ahead of the face. It can bridge the information gap between the early, somewhat uncertain geotechnical site investigation and the geological mapping done after excavation to optimise rock support.
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| 8. |
- Brockmann, Philipp, et al.
(författare)
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Utilizing the ball lens effect for astigmatism particle tracking velocimetry
- 2020
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Ingår i: Experiments in Fluids. - : SPRINGER. - 0723-4864 .- 1432-1114. ; 61:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, a simple method is developed to apply astigmatism particle tracking velocimetry (APTV) to transparent particles utilizing backlight illumination. Here, a particle acts as ball lens and bundles the light to a focal point, which is used to determine the particle's out-of-plane position. Due to the distance between focal point and particle, additional features have to be considered in ball lens astigmatism particle tracking velocimetry (BLAPTV) compared to conventional APTV. We describe required calibration steps and perform parameter studies to show how the autocorrelation coefficient and the light exposure affect the accuracy of the method. It is found that the accuracy and robustness of the Euclidean calibration approach as also used in conventional APTV (Cierpka et al. in Meas Sci Technol 22(1):015401, 2010a) can be increased if an additional calibration curve for the light intensity of the particle's focal point is considered. In addition, we study the influence of the particle diameter and the refractive index jump between liquid and particles on the calibration curves and the accuracy. In this way, particles of the same size, but different material, can be distinguished by their calibration curve. Furthermore, an approach is presented to account for shape changes of the calibration curve along the depth of the measurement volume. Overall, BLAPTV provides high out-of-plane particle reconstruction accuracies with respect to the particle diameter. In test cases, position uncertainties down to 1.8% of the particle diameter are achieved for particles of dp=124 mu m. The measurement technique is validated for a laminar flow in a straight rectangular channel with a cross-sectional area of 2.3x30 mm2. Uncertainties of 0.75% for the in-plane and 2.29% for out-of-plane velocity with respect to the maximum streamwise velocity are achieved.Graphic abstract [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
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| 9. |
- Larsson, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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An Approach to Compensate for the Influence of the System Normal Stiffness in CNS Direct Shear Tests
- 2020
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Ingår i: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. - : Springer. - 0723-2632 .- 1434-453X. ; 53:5, s. 2185-2199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Applying accurate normal load to a specimen in direct shear tests under constant normal stiffness (CNS) is of importance for the quality of the resulting data, which in turn influences the conclusions. However, deficiencies in the test system give rise to a normal stiffness, here designated as system normal stiffness, which results in deviations between the intended and actual applied normal loads. Aiming to reduce these deviations, this paper presents the effective normal stiffness approach applicable to closed-loop control systems. Validation through direct shear tests indicates a clear influence of the system normal stiffness on the applied normal load (13% for the test system used in this work). The ability of the approach to compensate for this influence is confirmed herein. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the differences between the measured and the nominal normal displacements are established by the normal load increment divided by the system normal stiffness. This further demonstrates the existence of the system normal stiffness. To employ the effective normal stiffness approach, the intended normal stiffness (user defined) and the system normal stiffness must be known. The latter is determined from a calibration curve based on normal loading tests using a stiff test dummy. Finally, a procedure is presented to estimate errors originating from the application of an approximate representation of the system normal stiffness. The approach is shown to effectively reduce the deviations between intended normal loads and the actual applied normal loads.
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| 10. |
- Li, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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One-dimensional full-range mixture fraction measurements with femtosecond laser-induced plasma spectroscopy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Experiments in Fluids. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0723-4864 .- 1432-1114. ; 61:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: Femtosecond laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (FLIPS) was performed to achieve full-range mixture fraction measurements in non-reacting CH4/air flow fields. A femtosecond laser at 800 nm was used to generate a plasma channel with a uniform intensity distribution. Through measuring spatially resolved spectra and calibration, we found that the spectral intensity ratios of CH (431 nm)/N2 (337 nm), CH (431 nm)/N2 (357 nm), C2 (516.5 nm)/N2 (337 nm), C2 (516.5 nm)/N2 (357 nm) and CH (431 nm)/O (777 nm) could be used to realize mixture fraction measurements, and the first four intensity ratios can achieve full-range mixture fraction measurements. Furthermore, through quantitative analysis of the distribution along the plasma channel, we analyzed the one-dimensional measurement capability of FLIPS. The main advantages of FLIPS for mixture fraction measurements are one-dimensional quantitative measurement, full-range measurement, high spatial resolution and no Bremsstrahlung interference. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
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