| 1. |
- Ahmed, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Sexual orientation and earnings: A register data-based approach to identify homosexuals
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Population Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-1433 .- 1432-1475. ; 23:3, s. 835-849
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines earnings differentials between homo- and heterosexual individuals by identifying sexual orientation with the help of information from register data. Register data enable us to avoid the misclassifications of sexual orientation often mentioned as a potential bias in survey-based studies. The results show that gay men are at an earnings disadvantage as compared to male heterosexuals while the earnings differential between lesbians and heterosexual women is very small. Our results are in line with results from previous research but are more reliable since we use a more reliable measure of sexual orientation than previous research.
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| 2. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Ethnic diversity and well-being
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Population Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-1433 .- 1432-1475. ; 30:1, s. 265-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates how ethnic diversity, measured by immigrants' nationalities, influences the well-being of the host country. Using panel data from Germany from 1998 to 2012, we find a positive effect of ethnic diversity on the well-being of German natives. Our finding is robust to alternative definitions of ethnic diversity and to the non-random selection of natives and immigrants into regions. The positive effect of ethnic diversity is stronger for immigrant groups that are culturally and economically closer to Germany. Consistent with this result, we document the existence of two mechanisms explaining the influence of ethnic diversity on well-being: productivity-as captured by immigrants' skills and assimilation-and social capital-particularly in relation to the creation of a multicultural environment.
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| 3. |
- Aranki, Ted, et al.
(författare)
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Competition, substitution, or discretion : an analysis of Palestinian and foreign guest workers in the Israeli labor market
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Population Economics. - Berlin : Springer. - 0933-1433 .- 1432-1475. ; 23:4, s. 1275-1300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the effects of foreign workers on labor market outcomes for Palestinian workers in the Israeli labor market. The paper utilizes a micro-dataset on the Palestinian labor force combined with time-series data on foreign workers in Israel. The data covers the period 1999–2003, a period in which Israel enforced a strict closure on labor (and goods) movement, particularly in 2001 and 2002. The evidence suggests that foreign workers in Israel do not affect Palestinian employment; however, an increase in the number of foreign workers in Israel tends to reduce Israeli wages paid to Palestinian workers from the Gaza Strip. The Israeli closure policy appears to be the main cause for the substantial reduction in long-run Palestinian employment levels in Israel, not the presence of foreign workers.
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| 4. |
- Aronsson, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Estimating Intrahousehold Allocation in a Collective Model with Houasehold Production
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Population Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-1433 .- 1432-1475. ; 14:4, s. 569-584
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to estimate the intra-family distribution of income and the individual demand for leisure and household production from Swedish cross-sectional household data. As a basis for the analysis, we use a collective model where each individual is characterized by his or her own utility function and divides total time between leisure, household production and market work. For the purpose of comparison, we also estimate a version that is consistent with a more traditional model of labor supply, the unitary model.
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| 5. |
- Björklund, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Family structure and child outcomes in the USA and Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Population Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-1433 .- 1432-1475. ; 20, s. 183-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research shows that living in a non-intact family is associated with educational disadvantages. This paper compares the relationships between childhood family structure, schooling, and earnings in Sweden and the USA. This comparison is interesting because both family structure and public policies differ significantly. We find a negative relationship between living in a non-intact family and child outcomes, and the estimates are remarkably similar in both countries. After using sibling-difference models, the correlation with family structure is no longer significant. These results cast doubt on the causal interpretation of the negative relationship between non-intact family structures and child outcomes.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Böhlmark, Anders, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Parental choice, neighbourhood segregation or cream skimming? : An analysis of school segregation after a generalized choice reform
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Population Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-1433 .- 1432-1475. ; 29:4, s. 1155-1190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the evolution of school segregation in Sweden in the aftermath of the 1992 universal voucher reform, which spurred the establishment of new independent schools and introduced parental choice. We assess the relative importance of neighbourhood segregation, parental choice and the location of independent schools for school segregation. In particular, we exploit variation in school choice opportunities across municipalities and provide descriptive evidence that in regions where school choice has become more prevalent, school segregation between immigrants and natives, and between children of high/low educated parents, has increased more than in regions where choice is limited. This result also holds when we account for residential segregation and focus on excess segregation over and above the segregation that would occur if all pupils attended their assigned schools. We find that the increase in school segregation 15 years after the reform that can be attributed to choice is relatively small.
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| 8. |
- Casarico, Alessandra, et al.
(författare)
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Intergenerational transmission of skills during childhood and optimal public policy
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Population Economics. - 0933-1433 .- 1432-1475. ; :28, s. 353-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper characterizes the optimal tax policy and the optimal quality of day care services in a OLG model with warm-glow altruism where parental choices over child care arrangements a effct the probability that the child becomes a high-skilled adult in a type-specific way. With respect to previous contributions, optimal tax formulas include type-specific Pigouvian terms which correct for the intergenerational externality in human capital accumulation. Our numerical simulations suggest that a public policy that disregards the effects of parental time on children's human capital entails a welfare loss that ranges from 0.2% to 5.7% of aggregate consumption.
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| 9. |
- Congdon Fors, Heather, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Son preference and education Inequalities in India: the role of gender-biased fertility strategies and preferential treatment of boys
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Population Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-1433 .- 1432-1475. ; 36, s. 1431-1460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the impact of son preference in India on gender inequalities in education. We distinguish the impact of preferential treatment of boys from the impact of gender-biased fertility strategies (gender-specific fertility stopping rules and sex-selective abortions). Results show strong impacts of gender-biased fertility strategies on education inequalities between girls and boys. Preferential treatment of boys also matters but appears to have a more limited impact for most outcomes. Further, our results suggest that gender-biased fertility strategies create gender inequalities in education both because girls and boys end up in systematically different families and because of gender inequalities in pecuniary investment within families. Since gender inequalities in education in India are partially the result of gender-biased fertility strategies, they are not likely to disappear until the strong desire to have a son does so.
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| 10. |
- de Graaf-Zijl, Marloes, et al.
(författare)
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Stepping stones for the unemployed : the effect of temporary jobs on the duration until (regular) work
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Population Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-1433 .- 1432-1475. ; 24:1, s. 107-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transitions from unemployment into temporary work are often succeeded by a transition from temporary into regular work. This paper investigates whether temporary work increases the transition rate to regular work. We use longitudinal survey data of individuals to estimate a multi-state duration model, applying the 'timing of events' approach. The data contain multiple spells in labour market states at the individual level. We analyse results using novel graphical representations, which unambiguously show that temporary jobs shorten the unemployment duration, although they do not increase the fraction of unemployed workers having regular work within a few years after entry into unemployment.
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