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| 2. |
- Akerstedt, T
(författare)
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Shift work and disturbed sleep/wakefulness
- 2003
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Ingår i: Occupational medicine (Oxford, England). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0962-7480 .- 1471-8405. ; 53:2, s. 89-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Asbestos exposure and the risk of sinonasal cancer
- 2016
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Ingår i: Occupational Medicine. - : Oxford University Press. - 0962-7480 .- 1471-8405. ; 66:4, s. 326-331
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: While the increased risk of lung cancer and mesothelioma is well established, the relationship between exposure to asbestos dust and sinonasal cancer is less clear.AIMS: To study the risk of sinonasal cancer in relation to asbestos dust exposure.METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of construction workers, linked to the Swedish Cancer Registry. Participants were classified into four exposure groups; heavy, medium, low or very low exposure to asbestos, according to the incidence of pleural mesothelioma in their occupational group. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and relative risks (RRs) were analysed, adjusted for age and smoking habits. The risks of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma were investigated separately.RESULTS: Among the 280222 subjects, there was no increased risk of sinonasal cancer compared to the general population [SIR 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68-1.03], or any dose-response relationship with exposure to asbestos. The highest RR was found in the low exposure group (RR 1.25, 95% CI 0.69-2.28) and the lowest RR was found in the group with the highest exposure to asbestos (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.33-1.53). No significantly increased risk or dose-response association could be found for adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma when analysed separately.CONCLUSIONS: This study did not find an increased risk of developing sinonasal cancer after asbestos exposure.
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| 4. |
- Arapovic-Johansson, B., et al.
(författare)
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Work-related stress assessed by a text message single-item stress question
- 2017
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Ingår i: Occupational Medicine. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0962-7480 .- 1471-8405. ; 67:8, s. 601-608
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Given the prevalence of work stress-related ill-health in the Western world, it is important to find cost-effective, easy-to-use and valid measures which can be used both in research and in practice. Aims To examine the validity and reliability of the single-item stress question (SISQ), distributed weekly by short message service (SMS) and used for measurement of work-related stress. Methods The convergent validity was assessed through associations between the SISQ and subscales of the Job Demand-Control-Support model, the Effort-Reward Imbalance model and scales measuring depression, exhaustion and sleep. The predictive validity was assessed using SISQ data collected through SMS. The reliability was analysed by the test-retest procedure. Results Correlations between the SISQ and all the subscales except for job strain and esteem reward were significant, ranging from -0.186 to 0.627. The SISQ could also predict sick leave, depression and exhaustion at 12-month follow-up. The analysis on reliability revealed a satisfactory stability with a weighted kappa between 0.804 and 0.868. Conclusions The SISQ, administered through SMS, can be used for the screening of stress levels in a working population.
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| 5. |
- Bonde, J P E, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational risk of COVID-19 in foreign-born employees in Denmark
- 2023
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Ingår i: Occupational Medicine. - : Oxford University Press. - 0962-7480 .- 1471-8405.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Foreign-born workers in high-income countries experience higher rates of COVID-19 but the causes are only partially known. AIMS: To examine if the occupational risk of COVID-19 in foreign-born workers deviates from the risk in native-born employees in Denmark. METHODS: Within a registry-based cohort of all residents employed in Denmark (n = 2 451 542), we identified four-digit DISCO-08 occupations associated with an increased incidence of COVID-19-related hospital admission during 2020-21 (at-risk occupations). The sex-specific prevalence of at-risk employment in foreign born was compared with the prevalence in native born. Moreover, we examined if the country of birth modified the risk of a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and COVID-19-related hospital admission in at-risk occupations. RESULTS: Workers born in low-income countries and male workers from Eastern Europe more often worked in at-risk occupations (relative risks between 1.16 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.14-1.17] and 1.87 [95% CI 1.82-1.90]). Being foreign-born modified the adjusted risk of PCR test positivity (test for interaction P < 0.0001), primarily because of higher risk in at-risk occupations among men born in Eastern European countries (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 2.39 [95% CI 2.09-2.72] versus IRR 1.19 [95% CI 1.14-1.23] in native-born men). For COVID-19-related hospital admission, no overall interaction was seen, and in women, country of birth did not consistently modify the occupational risk. CONCLUSIONS: Workplace viral transmission may contribute to an excess risk of COVID-19 in male workers born in Eastern Europe, but most foreign-born employees in at-risk occupations seem not to be at higher occupational risk than native born.
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| 6. |
- Burström, Lage, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of vibration exposure on tactile and thermal perception thresholds
- 2009
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Ingår i: Occup Med (Lond). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1471-8405 .- 0962-7480. ; 59:3, s. 174-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: To establish if intermittent exposure to hand-transmitted vibration had the same effect as continuous exposure on the temporary response of finger tactile and thermal perception thresholds. METHODS: Two laboratory experiments were conducted. In each, 10 healthy subjects, five males and five females, participated. The subjects' fingers were exposed to vibration under four conditions with a combination of different periods of exposure and rest periods. The vibration frequency was 125 Hz and the frequency-weighted acceleration was 5 m/s(2). A measure of the tactile or thermal perception was conducted before the different exposures to vibration. Immediately after the vibration exposure, the acute effect was measured continuously for the first 75 s. This was followed by regular measures for a maximum of 30 min. RESULTS: The results showed that combinations of vibration with different periods of exposure and rest periods significantly influenced vibrotactile perception, but not thermal perception. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that intermittent exposure to hand-transmitted vibration might be more beneficial for the response of the finger vibrotactile sensation than continuous exposure. This finding is inconsistent with the evaluation methods in ISO 5349-1 for vibrotactile sensation, but accurate for thermal perception.
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| 7. |
- Carlsson, Daniel, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Can sensation of cold hands predict Raynaud's phenomenon or paraesthesia?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Occupational Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0962-7480 .- 1471-8405. ; 68:5, s. 314-319
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Raynaud's phenomenon and neurosensory symptoms are common after hand-arm vibration exposure. Knowledge of early signs of vibration injuries is needed. Aims To investigate the risk of developing Raynaud's phenomenon and paraesthesia in relation to sensation of cold hands in a cohort of male employees at an engineering plant. Methods We followed a cohort of male manual and office workers at an engineering plant in Sweden for 21 years. At baseline (1987 and 1992) and each follow-up (1992, 1997, 2002, 2008), we assessed sensation of cold, Raynaud's phenomenon and paraesthesia in the hands using questionnaires and measured vibration exposure. We calculated risk estimates with univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses and adjusted for vibration exposure and tobacco usage. Results There were 241 study participants. During the study period, 21 individuals developed Raynaud's phenomenon and 43 developed paraesthesia. When adjusting the risk of developing Raynaud's phenomenon for vibration exposure and tobacco use, the odds ratios were between 6.0 and 6.3 (95% CI 2.2-17.0). We observed no increased risk for paraesthesia in relation to a sensation of cold hands. Conclusions A sensation of cold hands was a risk factor for Raynaud's phenomenon. At the individual level, reporting a sensation of cold hands did not appear to be useful information to predict future development of Raynaud's phenomenon given a weak to moderate predictive value. For paraesthesia, the sensation of cold was not a risk factor and there was no predictive value at the individual level.
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| 8. |
- Ekman, Anna, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Gender differences in musculoskeletal health of computer and mouse users in the Swedish workforce.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Occupational medicine (Oxford, England). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0962-7480 .- 1471-8405. ; 50:8, s. 608-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objectives of the study were to explore the musculoskeletal health of computer users in the Swedish workforce with regard to gender and psychosocial factors, and to describe gender differences between the occupational groups. A subset was chosen from a large survey of 12,462 individuals representing the workforce of Sweden, performed by Statistics Sweden. Included in the subset were 2044 subjects who worked for at least half their working hours with personal computers, or an equivalent device, and also used a computer mouse. All occupational groups had prevalence ratios (women/men) > 1. When using regression models, the variables 'learn and develop' and 'involved in planning your work' were health factors, and 'too much to do' was a risk factor for upper body symptoms for both women and men. For women 'PC duration 100' was a risk factor and 'support from superiors' was a health factor. Age seemed to be a stronger risk factor for men than for women.
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| 9. |
- Fisk, K., et al.
(författare)
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Hand-arm vibration : Swedish carpenters' perceptions of health and safety management
- 2023
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Ingår i: Occupational Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0962-7480 .- 1471-8405. ; 73:2, s. 85-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Workers in the construction industry are highly exposed to vibration from handheld equipment, which can have negative effects on the nerves and blood vessels in the hands. Employers in this industry often fail to comply with legislation regarding vibration exposure. Aims: To assess carpenters' perceptions of proactive health and safety (H&S) management regarding hand-arm vibration exposure at construction sites in Sweden. Methods: The carpenters answered a questionnaire on their perception of the implementation of H&S management, on symptoms indicating injury and on the use of vibrating equipment. Results: One hundred and ninety-four carpenters from 4 construction companies and 18 construction sites completed the questionnaire. Attitudes to H&S management were generally positive. However, 36% of the carpenters reported that the H&S regulations and routines did not function in practice, and 40% claimed they did not receive necessary information on the exposure and effects of vibration. Most respondents (74%) perceived a high risk of injury in general in their work. Younger carpenters, carpenters employed at smaller companies and carpenters with symptoms indicating injury or with higher vibration exposure reported more negative perceptions. Conclusions: In general, the carpenters were positive about management's commitment to H&S management. However, the results indicate deficiencies in the way in which this commitment is applied in practice at the workplace. This highlights the importance of raising awareness concerning vibration exposure and possible injuries, and strengthening proactive H&S programmes, especially in smaller companies.
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| 10. |
- Gerhardsson, Lars, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Work ability in vibration-exposed workers.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Occupational medicine (Oxford, England). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1471-8405 .- 0962-7480. ; 64:8, s. 629-634
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hand-arm vibration exposure may cause hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) including sensorineural disturbances.
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