| 1. |
- Dalgard, F, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported skin morbidity among adults: Associations with quality of life and general health in a Norwegian survey
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings. - : Elsevier BV. - 1529-1774 .- 1087-0024. ; 9:2, s. 120-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Life-quality studies among dermatologic patients have shown that chronic skin diseases have an impact on patients' lives. The purpose of this study was to assess the burden of skin morbidity at a community level. This was presented as prevalence of self-reported skin morbidity and dermatologic life-quality items. The association of skin disease and general health measures like feeling depressed and self-reported general health were measured. The method used was a questionnaire on self-reported skin complaints, including variables such as demographic, psychosocial, general health, dermatologic life-quality items. The design of the study was cross-sectional, with answers from 18,770 adult responders. The results confirmed that skin morbidity is common; itch was the dominating symptom. Younger adults reported more social problems as a result of skin problems than older. The life-quality domain most affected by skin disease was the social one. In a regression model skin disease was as well as rheumatism more strongly associated with feeling depressed than asthma, diabetes, and angina pectoris. Skin disease was also strongly associated with reporting poor general health, although less than other nondermatologic chronic diseases. In conclusion, in this study skin morbidity was strongly associated with general health measures among adults in a population-based setting. To the best of our knowledge these associations have not been described previously at a community level.
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| 2. |
- Mandt, N, et al.
(författare)
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Epilation today: Physiology of the hair follicle and clinical photo-epilation
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology. Symposium Proceedings. - : Elsevier BV. - 1087-0024 .- 1529-1774. ; 10:3, s. 271-274
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the variations of length and type of hair (vellus or terminal), the growth of human hair in all body sites is cyclic. Phases of active hair growth, or anagen, are separated by periods of quiescence, or telogen. The duration of both phases varies greatly depending on the body site. Whether hairs are in anagen/telogen at the time of hair removal is important because only anagen hairs are particularly sensible to physical insults. Photo-epilation is a technique for long-term removal of unwanted hair by thermal destruction of the hair follicle and its reproductive system (stems cells). As melanin is the main chromophor existing in hair follicles the corresponding wavelength spectrum would range from ultraviolet up to infrared light. Furthermore longer wavelengths are preferred as the cromophor lies deep in the skin and the penetration of light is increasing with the wavelength. Thus, in the range of 600-1100 nm melanin absorption may be used for selective photothermolysis of hair follicles. Yet to be resolved questions for permanent destruction are the location of the key follicular target and the possible influence of the hair growth cycle on photothermolysis-induced hair removal. An overview on the individual physiology of the hair follicle is given to discuss the latest strategies for photo-epliation.
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| 3. |
- Smith, FJD, et al.
(författare)
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The genetic basis of pachyonychia congenita
- 2005
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Ingår i: The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings. - : Elsevier BV. - 1087-0024. ; 10:1, s. 21-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Törmä, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin D analogs affect the uptake and metabolism of retinol by human epidermal keratinocytes in culture
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings. - 1087-0024 .- 1529-1774. ; 1:1, s. 49-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human epidermis utilizes retinol as precursor for local production of a range of bioactive vitamin A metabolites including 3,4-didehydroretinol, retinoic acid, and 3,4-didehydroretinoic acid. These endogenously formed retinoids bind to nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby altering gene transcription. Because 9-cis-retinoic acid receptors (RXRs) form heterodimers both with RARs and the vitamin D3 receptor (VDR), it is plausible that vitamin D3 may affect retinol metabolism if altered transcription is involved in the regulation of vitamin A-metabolizing enzymes. To investigate the potential effect of vitamin D on retinol metabolism in human skin keratinocytes, HaCaT cells were preincubated with various vitamin D3-analogs at 10(-7)M for 24 h followed by the addition of [3H]retinol for another 24 h period. The uptake and metabolism of the radioactive tracer was monitored by HPLC-radiochromatography. It was found that all synthetic vitamin D-analogs tested (MC903, KH1060, EB1089, and EB1213) reduced the amount of cell-associated [3H]retinoid activity by 35-50% as compared to the vehicle. More specifically, the appearance of the parent substrate and two of its main metabolites, e.g., 3,4-didehydroretinol (ddROH) and 3,4-didehydroretinoic acid (ddRA), was inhibited by the synthetic vitamin D-analogs. The effects on retinol metabolism were not potentiated by coincubation of cells with vitamin D-analogs plus retinoic acid (RA) or 9-cis-RA. This study demonstrates that synthetic vitamin D3 interferes with both the uptake and the metabolism of retinol by human epidermal keratinocytes. Whether the effects are due to direct inhibition of cellular retinol uptake and metabolism or involve VDR-mediated transcriptional alteration of vitamin A metabolizing enzymes remains to be clarified.
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| 5. |
- Wallengren, Joanna
(författare)
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Vasoactive peptides in the skin.
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings. - : Elsevier BV. - 1529-1774 .- 1087-0024. ; 2:1, s. 49-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The vascular effects of endogenous substances can be easily studied in the skin. Early in this century, vasoregulation was shown to be dependent on innervation. Peptidergic transmitters have been shown to co-exist and co-transmit along with noradrenalin and acetylcholine, sometimes being responsible for nonadrenergic-noncholinergic responses. This review summarizes recent information on vasoregulatory effects of neuropeptides such as substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and somatostatin. All these peptides are vasodilators, and some of them seem to be involved in neurogenic inflammation. Some vasoactive peptides and other vasoactive molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO) and histamine, can originate both from nerves and cells and are crucially involved in vasoregulation. Other cell-derived peptides and molecules, such as bradykinin, endothelins, and prostaglandins, may contribute to neurogenic inflammation. All the peptides and molecules described also exist in other organs such as the brain, heart, lung, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. The effect of neuropeptides seems to vary from one organ or tissue to another, e.g., NPY is a potent vasoconstrictor in cardiac and cerebral vascular beds but acts as a vasodilator when it occurs in the skin. The presence of mast cells and inflammatory cells may create a special environment in the skin.
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| 6. |
- Gusarov, V.V., et al.
(författare)
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Physicochemical Modeling and Analysis of the Interaction between a Core Melt of the Nuclear Reactor and a Sacrificial Material
- 2005
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Ingår i: Glass Physics and Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1087-6596 .- 1608-313X. ; 31:1, s. 53-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- -The problems regarding the design of a new class of materials, namely, sacrificial materials for usein devices intended for localization of a core melt of the nuclear reactor, are considered. Criteria are proposedfor the proper choice of the chemical composition of a sacrificial material, as well as of the composition andmicrostructure of its constituents. The possible alternatives are outlined and analyzed. The results of designinga variant of the composition of sacrificial materials are presented. The experimental data on the interaction ofan oxide sacrificial material with simulators of the metal and oxide phases of the core melt are discussed. A newtype of combustion of materials, namely, the liquid-phase combustion, is revealed. It is demonstrated that thematerial designed can be used in systems intended for localization of a core melt of the nuclear reactor.
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