| 1. |
- Malinowsky, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
-
The association between perceived and observed ability to use everyday technology in people of working age with ABI
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - Stockholm : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21:6, s. 465-472
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Everyday technology (ET), including computers and automated telephone services, is increasingly required for everyday functioning. However, people with acquired brain injury (ABI) may have difficulty with ET use. To design interventions to support ET use, further knowledge of how to assess dimensions of such use is needed. Methods: This study investigated the relationship between the perceived difficulty of ET use (self-reported using the short version of the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire, S-ETUQ) and observed ability to use ET (observed using the Management of Everyday Technology Assessment, META) in a sample of people with ABI (n = 81). Data were analysed using a Rasch measurement model, and person measures of perceived difficulty and observed ability to use ET were identified and correlated. Results and conclusions: The person measures had a correlation of 0.49 (p < 0.001). In groups of different severity levels after ABI, significant associations were found in the moderate (0.36) and severe (0.47) disability groups. In the good recovery group, only a non-significant correlation was found (0.21). This indicates that the S-ETUQ and the META measure different but complementary dimensions of ET use. Hence, the assessments are proposed to be used together in clinical practice to more fully understand the ability of people with ABI to use ET.
|
|
| 2. |
- von Hofer, Hanns, 1944-2014
(författare)
-
Crime and reactions to crime in 34 Swedish birth cohorts : from historical descriptions to forecasting the future
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1404-3858 .- 1651-2340. ; 15:2, s. 167-181
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyses 34 Swedish birth cohorts with regard to their participation in crime as measured by data from the convictions database maintained by Statistics Sweden. Most existing cohort studies are limited to one or a few cohorts. By contrast, the present study includes 34 cohorts, i.e. all persons born in Sweden between 1958 and 1991. The article discusses methodological problems associated with this type of approach and examines the possibility of making forecasts. The central results are that the number of males with a criminal record has decreased, whereas the number of females has remained fairly stable. Forecasts indicate that the cohorts' participation in crime will continue to decrease. Research and policy implications of the findings are outlined. It is proposed to introduce cohort statistics as a standard branch within regular criminal justice statistics.
|
|
| 3. |
- Lonne-Rahm, Sol-Britt, et al.
(författare)
-
Adult atopic dermatitis patients and physical exercise : a Swedish questionnaire study.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 94:2, s. 185-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical activity promotes health and prevents disease. When patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) undertake exercise, the itch often gets worse due to sweating, and this may reduce their engagement in physical exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the level of physical exercise in patients with AD compared with a control group from a normal population. Our hypothesis was that patients with AD have a lower level of physical exercise due to their skin disease. A total of 110 patients with AD and 196 subjects from a normal population, age range 20-34 years, answered a questionnaire. Eleven patients with AD underwent an in-depth interview. The patients with AD had the same level of physical exercise and attitude to physical exercise as the normal population. Therefore, our hypothesis could not be confirmed. In conclusion, the skin symptoms of AD do not appear to be an obstacle to moderate physical exercise.
|
|
| 4. |
- Malinowsky, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
-
An approach to facilitate healthcare professionals' readiness to support technology use in everyday life for persons with dementia
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - Stockholm : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21:3, s. 199-209
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Everyday technologies (ETs) like microwave ovens and automatic telephone services as well as assistive technologies (ATs) are often used in the performance of everyday activities. As a consequence, the ability to manage technology is important. This pilot study aimed to clarify the applicability of a model for knowledge translation to support healthcare professionals, to support technology use among older adults with dementia and their significant others. An additional aim was to explore the process of translating the model into practice. The applicability of the model (comprising a one-day course, including introduction and provision of tools, followed by interviews during and after a period of practice) was clarified for 11 healthcare professionals using a constant comparative approach. The content of the model gave the participants an eye-opening experience of technology use among persons with dementia. They also described how they had incorporated the model as a new way of thinking which supported and inspired new investigations and collaborations with colleagues and significant others. This study provided an applicable model of how research knowledge about technology use can be translated into clinical practice and be used by healthcare professionals to support the use of technology for persons with dementia.
|
|
| 5. |
- Nyman, Anneli, et al.
(författare)
-
Being part of an unfolding story : togetherness in everyday occupations when ageing
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21:5, s. 368-376
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to explore and enhance the understanding of how togetherness in everyday occupations is experienced and discussed among older adults. Method: Focus-group discussions generated the data and a total of 12 participants, including six women and six men, divided into three groups, participated in this study. Analysis was performed using a grounded theory approach. Results: The findings reflect how togetherness in everyday occupations can be comprehended as multifold transactional processes, emphasizing how an acted belonging was a situated experience connecting people and places through unfolding stories. The findings suggest that the process of meaning-making in ongoing life was closely associated with togetherness and was negotiated with others through shared culture and experiences. Togetherness meant being part of something in which the persons involved were contributing to each other in various ways. However, being part of togetherness was complicated, especially when the person’s life situation was challenged in some way. Conclusions: It was apparent from the analysis that togetherness could not be taken for granted. Rather, the findings reflect how togetherness was created and maintained through an ongoing process of nurturing established relationships as well as creating something new around occupations with others.
|
|
| 6. |
- Sirkka, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
-
A process for developing sustainable evidence-based occupational therapy practice
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21:6, s. 429-437
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to describe how long-term improvement work based on the Occupational Therapy Intervention Process Model (OTIPM) evolved in an occupational therapy unit. Method: Data included written documents related to the improvement work (435 pages in total) from 2001 to 2013 that were analysed using pattern matching. Results: The findings from the analysis of the documents formed three main patterns describing reorientation towards the OTIPM, establishment of the implementation of the OTIPM, and ensuring the sustainability of the implementation. Each pattern contained a number of phases of the improvement work emanating from different reasons and resulting in different long-term achievements. The transformation between the phases was smooth, and several of the phases became starting points for improvement work that continued throughout the years. Conclusion: The findings showed how an occupational therapy model of practice, such as the OTIPM, can guide an improvement process and keep it going over a long period of time, thereby supporting sustainable improvements in practice.
|
|
| 7. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
-
Women's perceptions of everyday occupations : Outcomes of the Redesigning Daily Occupations (ReDO) programme
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London : Informa Healthcare. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21:5, s. 359-367
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim was to (i) assess the outcomes of the 16-week Redesigning Daily Occupations (ReDO) programme for women on sick leave due to stress-related disorders, in terms of occupational value, satisfaction with everyday occupations, and participation level; (ii) investigate the relationships between those outcomes and return-to-work rate. Methods: A total of 42 women receiving ReDO and 42 receiving care as usual (CAU) were included in a matched-control study with measurements before and after the rehabilitation. Seventy-eight participated on both occasions. They completed self-report questionnaires regarding the aforementioned outcomes. Return-to-work data were obtained from the registers of the Social Insurance Offices. Results: Increases in concrete, symbolic, and self-reward values were found in both groups, but no statistically significant difference between the groups was demonstrated. The ReDO group improved more than the CAU group, however, on satisfaction with everyday occupations and participation level. Occupational value, but not satisfaction with everyday occupations, was related to return to work. Conclusions: Everyday occupations were shown to be relevant outcomes after work rehabilitation and could play an important role in future development of profession-specific evidence of occupational therapy. Further support was obtained for viewing occupational value and satisfaction with everyday occupations as theoretically distinct phenomena. © 2014 Informa Healthcare.
|
|
| 8. |
- Bejerholm, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
-
Factors related to the return to work potential in persons with severe mental illness.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 21:4, s. 277-286
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed at investigating the relationship between the return to work potential, according to the Worker Role Interview (WRI) assessment, and clinical characteristics and level of empowerment and occupational engagement among persons with severe mental illness who express their own interest in working. Methods: 120 participants entered the study. The WRI, the Brief Psychiatric and Rating Scale, a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Empowerment Scale, and the Profiles of Occupational Engagement in Severe mental illness were used for data collection. Correlation and regression analyses were used for statistics. Results: The return to work potential was significantly associated with having fewer symptoms, rehabilitation support or productive activities, and higher levels of engagement and empowerment. A younger age had an inverse relation to the lifestyle component in WRI. Depressive symptoms and occupational engagement explained 42% of the variance. Conclusions: The findings support the use of an empowerment approach, taking into account the clients' symptoms, age, and time use. In addition, involvement in vocational support and productive activities may be advantageous early on in the recovery process.
|
|
| 9. |
- Chiatti, Carlos, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of housing adaptation interventions: integrating the economic perspective into occupational therapy practice
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 21:5, s. 323-333
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The home environment is a key determinant of health, quality of life, and well-being. Given its relevance for such aspects, the scarcity of evaluations of housing adaptation (HA) interventions aimed at removing environmental barriers and accessibility problems in the homes of people with disabilities is surprising. This article aims to contribute to the development of strategies for economic evaluations of HA interventions, by stimulating the dissemination and application of the concepts of effectiveness, cost, and cost-effectiveness as used within health economics. Methods: The focus is limited to three overarching questions for the evaluation of HA interventions. Considering X and Y as two hypothetical interventions for the same individual case, the article asks: (i) Will X be more effective than Y?; (ii) Will X cost more than Y?, and (iii) Will X be more cost-effective than Y? Vignette-like descriptions of fictional cases are used to exemplify the economic concepts explained in the article. Results and conclusion: In the conclusion, the need is stressed for new experimental data regarding both costs and outcomes of HA interventions, in order to realize sound evaluations with the potential to inform policy and professionals in this field. Given the heterogeneity among national contexts, systematic approaches applied in a coherent manner could strengthen cross-national research and collaborations.
|
|
| 10. |
- Helle, Tina, et al.
(författare)
-
The Nordic Housing Enabler: Inter-rater reliability in cross-Nordic occupational therapy practice
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 21, s. 71-79
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study addresses development of a content-valid cross-Nordic version of the Housing Enabler and investigation of its inter-rater reliability when used in occupational therapy rating situations, involving occupational therapists, clients, and their home environments. The instrument was translated from the original Swedish version of the Housing Enabler, and adapted according to accessibility norms and guidelines for housing design in Sweden, Denmark, Finland, and Iceland. This iterative process involved occupational therapists, architects, building engineers, and professional translators, resulting in the Nordic Housing Enabler. For reliability testing, the sampling strategy and data collection procedures used were the same in all countries. Twenty voluntary occupational therapists, pair-wise but independently of each other, collected data from 106 cases by means of the Nordic Housing Enabler. Inter-rater reliability was calculated by means of percentage agreement and kappa statistics. Overall good percentage agreement for the personal and environmental components of the instrument was shown, indicating that the instrument was sufficiently reliable for application in practice and research in the Nordic context. The varying kappa results highlight the need for further study in order to understand the influence of prevalence more profoundly, which should be kept in mind when interpreting the results.
|
|
