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- Horsten, M, et al.
(författare)
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Social relations and the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Swedish women
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Risk. - Karolinska Inst, Novum, Div Prevent Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, S-14157 Huddinge, Sweden. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Cardiovasc, Boston, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Karolinska Hosp, Dept Cardiol, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden. : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1350-6277 .- 1473-5652 .- 1741-8267 .- 1741-8275. ; 6:6, s. 391-397
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Both social isolation and the metabolic syndrome are independently associated with greater than normal cardiovascular risk. Design A population-based cross-sectional study of middle-aged Swedish women. Methods The study group consisted of 300 healthy women (aged 31-65 years) who were representative of women living in the greater Stockholm area. Social isolation was measured by using a condensed Version of the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List. Health behaviours were assessed and a full serum-lipid-level and haemostatic profile was obtained by standardized methods, The metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of two or more of these components: fasting serum level of glucose greater than or equal to 7.0 mmol/l, arterial blood pressure greater than or equal to 160/90 mmHg, fasting serum level of triglycerides greater than or equal to 1.7 mmol/l or high-density lipoprotein < 1.0 mmol/l, or both, and central obesity (waist:hip ratio > 0.85 or body mass index > 30 kg/m(2), or both), Results After adjustment for age, menopausal status, educational level, smoking, exercise habits and consumption of alcohol, the risk ratio for the metabolic syndrome for women in the lower compared with women in the upper social-support quartile was 3.5 (95% confidence interval 1.1-11.4), whereas that of women in the two middle quartiles was 2.2 (95% confidence interval 0.67-7.2; P for trend 0.02). Conclusions Social isolation was associated with the metabolic syndrome for these middle-aged women. The findings suggest that the metabolic syndrome and its components may be mediators of the reported association between social isolation and cardiovascular disease, (C) 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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- Lind, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Endothelium-dependent vasodilation is impaired in apparently healthy subjects with a family history of myocardial infarction
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Risk. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1350-6277 .- 1473-5652. ; 9:1, s. 53-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether endothelial-dependent vasodilation is altered in healthy subjects with a family history of myocardial infarction. SETTING: Tertiary University Hospital SUBJECTS AND DESIGN: Fifty apparently healthy subjects selected from the general population were subjected to an evaluation of endothelial-dependent vasodilation (EDV) and endothelial-independent vasodilation (EIDV) by means of local infusion of methacholine (MCh, 2 and 4 microg/min) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 5 and 10 microg/min) with measurements of forearm blood flow with venous occlusion plethysmography. The occurrence of plaque and the intima-media thickness of the carotid arteries were determined by ultrasonography. RESULTS: Subjects reporting at least one parent suffering from myocardial infarction (n = 11) showed a significantly lower EDV than subjects without such a family history (21 +/- 3.7 vs. 26 +/- 6.7 ml/min/100 ml tissue at MCh 4 microg/min, P<0.05). EIDV was not significantly different between the groups (21 +/- 6.8 vs. 18 +/- 5.4 ml/min/100 ml tissue at SNP 10 microg/min). Age, sex distribution, body mass index, waist to hip ratio, blood pressure, lipids, fasting blood glucose, smoking habits and status of the carotid arteries were not significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSION: A family history of myocardial infarction was found to be associated with an impaired endothelial-dependent vasodilation in the forearm of apparently healthy subjects. The risk factor profile was not different from the control group, suggesting that genetic factors are responsible for the impaired endothelial-dependent vasodilation.
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- Arefalk, Gabriel, et al.
(författare)
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Smokeless tobacco (snus) and risk of heart failure : results from two Swedish cohorts
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation. - : Sage Publications. - 1741-8267 .- 1741-8275 .- 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 19:5, s. 1120-1127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Oral moist snuff (snus) is discussed as a safer alternative to smoking, and its use is increasing. Based on its documented effect on blood pressure, we hypothesized that use of snus increases the risk of heart failure.Design: Two independent Swedish prospective cohorts; the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM), a community-based sample of 1076 elderly men, and the Construction Workers Cohort (CWC), a sample of 118,425 never-smoking male construction workers. Methods: Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate possible associations of snus use with risk of a first hospitalization for heart failure.Results: In ULSAM, 95 men were hospitalized for heart failure, during a median follow up of 8.9 years. In a model adjusted for established risk factors including past and present smoking exposure, current snus use was associated with a higher risk of heart failure [hazard ratio (HR) 2.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-4.22] relative to non-use. Snus use was particularly associated with risk of non-ischaemic heart failure (HR 2.55, 95% CI 1.12-5.82). In CWC, 545 men were hospitalized for heart failure, during a median follow up of 18 years. In multivariable-adjusted models, current snus use was moderately associated with a higher risk of heart failure (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.00-1.64) and non-ischaemic heart failure (HR 1.28, 95% CI 0.97-1.68) relative to never tobacco use.Conclusion: Data from two independent cohorts suggest that use of snus may be associated with a higher risk of heart failure.
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- Ballantyne, C., et al.
(författare)
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Collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from observational studies of Lp-PLA2 and cardiovascular diseases
- 2007
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1741-8267 .- 1741-8275 .- 2047-4873. ; 14:1, s. 3-11
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: A large number of observational epidemiological studies have reported generally positive associations between circulating mass and activity levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Few studies have been large enough to provide reliable estimates in different circumstances, such as in different subgroups (e.g., by age group, sex, or smoking status) or at different Lp-PLA2 levels. Moreover, most published studies have related disease risk only to baseline values of Lp-PLA2 markers (which can lead to substantial underestimation of any risk relationships because of within-person variability over time) and have used different approaches to adjustment for possible confounding factors. OBJECTIVES: By combination of data from individual participants from all relevant observational studies in a systematic 'meta-analysis', with correction for regression dilution (using available data on serial measurements of Lp-PLA2), the Lp-PLA2 Studies Collaboration will aim to characterize more precisely than has previously been possible the strength and shape of the age and sex-specific associations of plasma Lp-PLA2 with coronary heart disease (and, where data are sufficient, with other vascular diseases, such as ischaemic stroke). It will also help to determine to what extent such associations are independent of possible confounding factors and to explore potential sources of heterogeneity among studies, such as those related to assay methods and study design. It is anticipated that the present collaboration will serve as a framework to investigate related questions on Lp-PLA2 and cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS: A central database is being established containing data on circulating Lp-PLA2 values, sex and other potential confounding factors, age at baseline Lp-PLA2 measurement, age at event or at last follow-up, major vascular morbidity and cause-specific mortality. Information about any repeat measurements of Lp-PLA2 and potential confounding factors has been sought to allow adjustment for possible confounding and correction for regression dilution. The analyses will involve age-specific regression models. Synthesis of the available observational studies of Lp-PLA2 will yield information on a total of about 15 000 cardiovascular disease endpoints.
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