| 1. |
- Bogh, Morten, et al.
(författare)
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Narrowband ultraviolet B three times per week is more effective in treating vitamin D deficiency than 1600 IU oral vitamin D-3 per day: a randomized clinical trial
- 2012
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963. ; 167:3, s. 625-630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background It is known that narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) radiation and oral vitamin D-3 supplementation can both improve serum levels of vitamin D, expressed as 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 [25(OH)D-3]. However, surprisingly few studies have compared the effects of the two interventions in treating vitamin D deficiency. Objectives To compare the effect of NB-UVB exposure with oral vitamin D-3 supplementation on vitamin D levels in patients with vitamin D deficiency. Methods Seventy-three participants with vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D-3 <= 25 nmol L-1] were consecutively enrolled from February 2010 to May 2011, avoiding the summer period (June to September). The participants were randomized into two groups, one receiving full body NB-UVB exposure three times per week, the other receiving 1600 IU (40 mu g) oral vitamin D-3 per day together with 1000 mg calcium. Thirty-two participants completed the 6-week study period, 16 in each group. In both groups blood samples were obtained at baseline and after 3 and 6 weeks. Results We found a significantly greater increase in 25(OH)D-3 levels (mean) in the NB-UVB treated group (from 19.2 to 75 nmol L-1) compared with the oral vitamin D-3 treated group (from 23.3 to 60.6 nmol L-1) after 6 weeks of treatment (P = 0.02), accompanied by a significant decrease in parathyroid hormone for the whole group (from 5.3 to 4.2 pmol L-1, P = 0.028). Conclusions Full body NB-UVB three times per week is more effective in treating vitamin D deficiency than prescription of a daily oral intake of 1600 IU (40 mu g) vitamin D-3.
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| 2. |
- Brandt, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Risk of incident and fatal melanoma in individuals with a family history of incident or fatal melanoma or any cancer.
- 2011
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963. ; 165, s. 342-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A family history of melanoma is associated with an increased risk of melanoma and probably of other, discordant cancers. Limited data are available on familial mortality in melanoma. If fatal forms of melanoma were associated with fatal forms of melanoma or of some other cancers, only studies on familial mortality rather than on familial incidence might be able to detect them. Furthermore, estimates on familial aggregation based on mortality are free from bias of overdiagnosis. Objectives: The aim of this study was the estimation of familial aggregation of concordant melanoma and of melanoma and any other cancers both based on incidence and mortality. Methods: We used the nation-wide Swedish Family-Cancer Database to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIR) for incident melanoma for relatives of any cancer patients and standardized mortality ratios (SMR) for death in melanoma for relatives of individuals who died from any other cancer. Similar risks were determined for any common cancer when relatives were affected by melanoma. Results: For concordant melanoma, familial incidence equalled familial mortality, SIR=SMR. Familial clustering (SIRs increased) of melanoma and esophageal, colorectal, breast, prostate, kidney, nervous system and connective tissue cancers and myeloma and leukaemia was observed. The SMRs for pancreatic and nervous system cancers were increased in relatives whose parents had died from melanoma. Conclusions: These data should encourage search for fatal subtypes of familial cancer, which may eventually have clinical implications.
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| 3. |
- Broberg, A, et al.
(författare)
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Dead Sea extract sold under-the-counter
- 2003
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963. ; 149:1, s. 206-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Carlsson, Annica, et al.
(författare)
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Scoring of hand eczema: good agreement between patients and dermatological staff
- 2011
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 0007-0963 .- 1365-2133. ; 165:1, s. 123-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Assessment of hand eczema in a clinical study has been achieved using a scoring system which documents extent of eczema on different areas of the hand. Objectives To investigate whether the same scoring system could be used by patients to communicate current status of hand eczema. Methods In a study of 62 patients (36 women and 26 men, age range 1975 years), the patients own assessment was compared with the assessment by a dermatologist and a dermatological nurse. Standardized information was given to the patient and the form was filled in independently by the patient, the nurse and the dermatologist, during the patients visit to the clinic. Individual area scores were summed to a total score. Results The overall agreement was good, with an interclass correlation (ICC) of 0.61 between patient and dermatologist for the total score. The ICC between nurse and dermatologist was 0.78. Differences between observers were more pronounced for the more severe cases - those with higher numerical scores as assessed by the dermatologist. There was a tendency for women and for patients over the median age of 44 years to set a lower point score than the dermatologist. The concordance of observations from individual anatomical areas was higher for fingertips and nails and lower for the palm and dorsum of the hand. Conclusions Patients are able to report the extent of hand eczema with good accuracy. Self-assessment protocols for hand eczema may well have a place in the monitoring of hand eczema extent over time.
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| 5. |
- Carlsson, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Cutaneous innervation before and after one treatment period of acupuncture.
- 2006
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963. ; 155:5, s. 970-976
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The effect of acupuncture on nociceptive pain is well documented, but effects on nociceptive itch have been contradictory. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate possible effects of acupuncture on the occurrence, distribution and function of sensory nerve fibres in human skin. METHODS: Ten subjects were treated by inserting 10 acupuncture needles subcutaneously at the upper lateral aspect of one buttock. The subjects were recruited from an acupuncture clinic and were undergoing specific acupuncture treatment for their disorders. The needles were stimulated (rotated to and fro) twice during the twice-weekly 25-min sessions over 5 weeks. Skin biopsies, diameter 3 mm, were taken before and 3-6 days after local acupuncture. Antibodies to the pan-neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1) and mu- and delta-opioid receptors were employed to study sensory unmyelinated nerve fibres that transmit nociceptive pain and itch. A histamine prick test using planimetry was used to record experimental itch after acupuncture on the treated area and on the corresponding control skin, and a visual analogue scale was used to evaluate itch. RESULTS: The mean +/- SEM number of CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibres per biopsy section was reduced from 36.0 +/- 3.3 to 21.3 +/- 4.0 (P = 0.05) after the treatment. PGP 9.5-immunoreactive nerve fibres were found both in the epidermis and in the subpapillary dermis. The mean +/- SEM total number of PGP 9.5-immunoreactive nerve fibres decreased from 249.8 +/- 16.7 to 211.8 +/- 12.0 (P = 0.03). The PGP 9.5-immunoreactive nerve fibres occurring in the dermis appeared more fragmented after the acupuncture compared with pretreatment. VR1 immunoreactivity was found both in the free nerve fibres and in kite-like formations, possibly mast cells, throughout the dermis, sometimes occurring around hair follicles. The mean +/- SEM number of VR1-immunoreactive elements was not significantly influenced by acupuncture, at 33.5 +/- 4.6 vs. 43.0 +/- 4.4 (P = 0.09). No immunoreactivity was found in the skin against mu- and delta-opioid receptors with the antibodies used in this study. Neither histamine-induced itch nor cutaneous responses were influenced by acupuncture. CONCLUSIONS: The present data indicate an effect of acupuncture on neuropathic itch but not histamine-mediated itch. Our findings support the opinion that the pain-relieving effects of acupuncture partly depend on its effect on the peripheral innervation.
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| 6. |
- Dalgard, F, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported skin complaints: validation of a questionnaire for population surveys
- 2003
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963. ; 149:4, s. 794-800
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Estimation of skin diseases in the community is challenging because we do not easily have access to the nonhealthcare-seeking population. A potential tool is a questionnaire asking for self-reported skin complaints. Such an instrument has not yet been developed. Objectives To validate a simple instrument assessing skin morbidity in the general adult population, to predict clinical skin morbidity from self-reported skin complaints. Methods A questionnaire was drawn up in Norwegian and validated against clinical signs in two samples of an urban population, 100 healthcare-seeking adults in a dermatological clinic, and 100 nonhealthcare-seeking adults. A total self-reported score was calculated and validated against severity of clinical signs (no sign, trivial, moderate or severe). The inter-rater agreement was assessed in a small study including 16 patients from a dermatological clinic. Results The participation rate was 98%. The sensitivity was 61%, the specificity 69% and the positive predictive value 82% when the caseness criterion was any clinical sign of skin disease. The agreement was good between the two observers for clinical skin morbidity, with kappa = 0.67. Conclusions This questionnaire is a simple tool to evaluate skin morbidity in an adult population. The use of self-reported complaints to predict clinical morbidity may be of value in quantifying and exploring skin diseases at the population level. Further studies are needed to improve the instrument. It is our intention to demonstrate the potential usefulness of this questionnaire in a forthcoming population survey in Norway.
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| 7. |
- Dalgard, F, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported skin morbidity and mental health. A population survey among adults in a Norwegian city.
- 2005
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963. ; 153:1, s. 145-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Several studies among dermatological patients have shown a link between various chronic dermatological diseases and mental morbidity. Objectives To explore the association between self-reported skin morbidity and psychosocial factors in the general population. Methods This population-based cross-sectional study is part of the Oslo Health Study conducted during 2000–2001. All individuals in Oslo County, Norway, born in 1924/25, 1940/41, 1955, 1960 and 1970 received a postal questionnaire, which 18 770 men and women answered. The questionnaire provided information on sociodemographic factors and self-reported health and psychosocial factors. Dichotomous variables for 10 self-reported skin complaints were used. These were previously validated and refer to the most common chronic skin diseases. Mental distress was measured with a validated 10-item instrument, the Hopkins Symptom Check List-10; social support with the number of confidants; and negative life events with a 12-item validated instrument. Results The odds ratio (OR) for mental distress was 1·70 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·21–2·38] for having itch, 1·64 (95% CI 1·15–2·34) for pimples and 1·72 (95% CI 1·06–2·80) for face rash in an adjusted model. In an adjusted model the OR for skin disease was 1·60 (95% CI 1·39–1·84) when the individual had experienced more than two negative life events; and 2·52 (95% CI 2·12–3·00) for mental distress. Skin morbidity increased for both genders, with poor social support network. There was a significant interaction between social support network and negative life events in the logistic regression model for skin disease when adjusted for sociodemographic factors. Conclusions The study quantifies the association between dermatological problems and psychosocial factors at a population level. It underlines the need to focus on these issues in research and needs assessment in dermatology.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Diepgen, T. L., et al.
(författare)
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Hand eczema classification: a cross-sectional, multicentre study of the aetiology and morphology of hand eczema
- 2009
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963. ; 160:2, s. 353-358
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hand eczema is a long-lasting disease with a high prevalence in the background population. The disease has severe, negative effects on quality of life and sometimes on social status. Epidemiological studies have identified risk factors for onset and prognosis, but treatment of the disease is rarely evidence based, and a classification system for different subdiagnoses of hand eczema is not agreed upon. Randomized controlled trials investigating the treatment of hand eczema are called for. For this, as well as for clinical purposes, a generally accepted classification system for hand eczema is needed. The present study attempts to characterize subdiagnoses of hand eczema with respect to basic demographics, medical history and morphology. Clinical data from 416 patients with hand eczema from 10 European patch test clinics were assessed. A classification system for hand eczema is proposed. It is suggested that this classification be used in clinical work and in clinical trials.
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| 10. |
- Dubnika Hauksson, Inese, et al.
(författare)
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Clinically relevant contact allergy to formaldehyde may be missed by testing with formaldehyde 1.0%.
- 2011
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963. ; 164:3, s. 568-572
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It has been found that patch testing with 15μl formaldehyde 2.0% aq detects twice more allergies than testing with 1.0%. The clinical relevance of positive patch test reactions is often difficult to determine. Use tests are simple to do and help to evaluate the significance of patch test results. Objectives: To study the clinical relevance of contact allergy to formaldehyde detected by 2.0% (0.60 mg/cm²) but not by 1.0%. Patients/Methods: 18 patients positive to formaldehyde 2.0% but negative to 1.0% and a control group of 19 dermatitis patients without allergy to parabens, formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers were included in the study. Formaldehyde 2000 ppm, the maximum concentration permitted in leave-on cosmetics according to the EU Cosmetics Directive, was added to a batch of a moisturiser preserved with parabens. The same batch without formaldehyde served as control. The study was double-blinded and randomised. The patients were provided with both moisturisers and instructed to apply one of them twice a day on a marked-out 5×5 cm area on the inside of one upper arm and the other moisturiser on the other arm. Reading of the test sites was done once a week for a maximum of 4 weeks. Results: In the control group there were no allergic reactions to any of the moisturisers. 9 of the 17 formaldehyde-allergic patients reacted with an allergic reaction to the moisturiser which contained formaldehyde (p<0.001). No positive reactions were observed to the moisturiser without formaldehyde. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that contact allergy to formaldehyde 2.0% may be clinically relevant.
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