| 1. |
- Razumova, Zoia, et al.
(författare)
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Cadmium intake as a prognostic factor in endometrial cancer : a Swedish cohort-based study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Cancer. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Women's and Children's Health. - 0163-5581 .- 1532-7914.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metalloendocrinology is a new interdisciplinary field, which was established due to the importance of connections between inorganic chemicals and hormonal mechanisms. The role of cadmium in hormone-related tumors is an excellent example of this connection, as cadmium mimics estrogen in the human body. Since endometrial cancer (EC) is hormonerelated, it is well-suited for assessing the estrogenic effects of cadmium. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the role of dietary cadmium intake in the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in women with EC. Dietary cadmium intake was estimated based on a large cohort of Swedish women (n ¼ 416) with EC. Median dietary cadmium intake was then analyzed in relation to different tumor characteristics and clinical outcomes. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Median daily dietary cadmium intake in the cohort was 13.1 lg (interquartile range 25%-75%¼6.4). High dietary cadmium intake (lg/day) was associated with significantly decreased OS in the study cohort (HR ¼ 0.956, 95% CI ¼ 0.914- 1.001, p ¼ 0.05). Dietary cadmium intake was not associated with PFS (HR ¼ 0.975, 95% CI ¼ 0.924-1.028, p ¼ 0.348). Therefore, our results indicate that high dietary cadmium intake could be associated with poor outcome in women with EC.
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| 2. |
- Abbas, Sascha, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary intake of vitamin D and calcium and breast cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Cancer. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0163-5581 .- 1532-7914. ; 65:2, s. 178-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies assessing the effects of vitamin D or calcium intake on breast cancer risk have been inconclusive. Furthermore, few studies have evaluated them jointly. This study is the largest so far examining the association of dietary vitamin D and calcium intake with breast cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. During a mean follow-up of 8.8 yr, 7760 incident invasive breast cancer cases were identified among 319,985 women. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer risk. Comparing the highest with the lowest quintile of vitamin D intake, HR and 95% CI were 1.07 (0.87-1.32) and 1.02 (0.90-1.16) for pre- and postmenopausal women, respectively. The corresponding HR and 95% CIs for calcium intake were 0.98 (0.80-1.19) and 0.90 (0.79-1.02), respectively. For calcium intake in postmenopausal women, the test for trend was borderline statistically significant (P(trend) = 0.05). There was no significant interaction between vitamin D and calcium intake and cancer risk (P(interaction) = 0.57 and 0.22 in pre- and postmenopausal women, respectively). In this large prospective cohort, we found no evidence for an association between dietary vitamin D or calcium intake and breast cancer risk.
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| 3. |
- Agborsangaya, Calypse, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of storage time and sampling season on the stability of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and androstenedione
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Cancer. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0163-5581 .- 1532-7914. ; 62:1, s. 51-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge of the stability of serum samples stored in large biobanks is pivotal for reliable assessment of hormone-dependent disease risks. We studied the effects of sample storage time and season of serum sampling on the stability of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) and androstenedione in a stratified random sample of 402 women, using paired sera from the Finnish Maternity Cohort. Serum samples selected were donated between 6 and 24 yr ago. The storage time did not affect serum 25-OHD and androstenedione levels. However, there was a significant mean difference in the 25-OHD levels of sera withdrawn during winter (first sample) vs. during summer (second sample; -18.4 nmol/l, P ≤ 0.001). Also at the individual level, there were significant differences in average 25-OHD levels between individuals with the paired sera taken at winter–winter compared with other alternatives (summer–winter, winter–summer, and summer–summer). The androstenedione levels showed no such differences. Long-term storage does not affect serum 25-OHD and androstenedione levels, but sampling season is an important determinant of 25-OHD levels. Stored serum samples can be used to study disease associations with both hormones. However, sampling season needs to be taken into account for 25-OHD by considering matching and stratification and, if possible, serial sampling.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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β-Carotene Uptake and Bioconversion to Retinol Differ Between Human Melanocytes and Keratinocytes
- 2001
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Cancer. - 0163-5581 .- 1532-7914. ; 39:2, s. 300-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- β-Carotene is one of the carotenoids that has been considered to play a role in the natural defense against ultraviolet-induced skin cancer. It is not known whether epidermal cells are able to accumulate β-carotene and, subsequently, convert it to vitamin A. We used normal cultured human keratinocytes and melanocytes to study the uptake, and possible bioconversion to retinol, of authentic or [14C]β-carotene. The uptake was much higher in melanocytes than in keratinocytes, corresponding to a fivefold difference in the intracellular fraction after two days of incubation. An increased level of cellular retinol was noted after one day of β-carotene incubation. The conversion of [C]β-carotene to [14C]retinol peaked at 24 hours of incubation in keratinocytes and melanocytes. The results suggest that β-carotene can function as a local supply of vitamin A in the skin and that melanocytes are especially likely to store β-carotene.
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| 5. |
- Ax, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary Patterns and Prostate Cancer Risk : Report from the Population Based ULSAM Cohort Study of Swedish Men
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Cancer. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0163-5581 .- 1532-7914. ; 66:1, s. 77-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dietary pattern analyses have increased the possibilities to detect associations between diet and disease. However, studies on dietary pattern and prostate cancer are scarce. Food intake data in the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men cohort was determined by 7-day food records. Adherence to a modified Mediterranean Diet Score (mMDS) and a low carbohydrate-high protein (LCHP) score were grouped as low, medium, or high in the whole study population (n = 1,044) and in those identified as adequate reporters of energy intake (n = 566), respectively. Prostate cancer risk was analyzed with Cox proportional hazard regression (median follow-up 13years) and competing risk of death was considered. There were no associations between dietary patterns and prostate cancer (n = 133) in the whole study population. Among adequate reporters the mMDS was not associated with prostate cancer (n = 72). The LCHP score was inversely related to prostate cancer in adequate reporters, adjusted hazard ratios; 0.55 (0.32-0.96) for medium and 0.47 (0.21-1.04) for high compared to low adherent participants (P-for-trend 0.04). Risk relations were not attributable to competing risk of death. In this study, a LCHP diet was associated with lower prostate cancer incidence. Relations emerged in adequate reporters, underscoring the importance of high-quality dietary data.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Castro Wersäll, Ofra, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary Habits and Daily Routines as Prognostic Factors in Endometrial Cancer : A Machine Learning Approach
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Cancer. - : Routledge. - 0163-5581 .- 1532-7914. ; 75:1, s. 310-319
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Endometrial cancer (EC) is becoming more common worldwide, primarily due to an increase in life expectancy and obesity. As several modifiable factors may affect EC incidence and progression, we aimed to elucidate how dietary habits and daily routines influence recurrence and survival among women with EC, using a Random Survival Forest (RSF) approach. 481 women who previously underwent hysterectomy due to EC completed two extensive questionnaires on dietary habits and daily routines, and we used RSF to identify risky or protective variables. Among the 186 variables considered, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and fried potatoes increased the risk of EC recurrence and death, while physical activity decreased the risk of death. We conclude that RSF is a suitable approach to study survival in multivariable datasets.
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| 8. |
- Chajes, Veronique, et al.
(författare)
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Ecological-Level Associations Between Highly Processed Food Intakes and Plasma Phospholipid Elaidic Acid Concentrations: Results From a Cross-Sectional Study Within the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Cancer. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1532-7914 .- 0163-5581. ; 63:8, s. 1235-1250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elaidic acid is the main unnatural trans fatty acid isomer occurring during partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils used as ingredients for the formulation of processed foods. The main objective is to assess associations between processed food intakes and plasma phospholipid elaidic acid concentrations within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. A cross-sectional study was used to determine fatty acid profiles in 3,003 subjects from 16 centers. Single 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDR) were collected using a standardized computerized interview program. Food intakes were computed according to their degree of processing (moderately/nonprocessed foods, processed staple foods, highly processed foods). Adjusted ecological and individual correlations were calculated between processed food intakes and plasma elaidic acid levels. At the population level, mean intakes of highly processed foods were strongly correlated with mean levels of plasma elaidic acid in men (P = 0.0016) and in women (P = 0.0012). At the individual level, these associations remained but at a much lower level in men (r = 0.08, P = 0.006) and in women (r = 0.09, P = 0.0001). The use of an averaged 24-HDR measure of highly processed food intakes is adequate for predicting mean levels of plasma elaidic acid among European populations.
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| 9. |
- Einarsson, Sandra, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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An explorative study on energy balance in patients with head and neck cancer
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Cancer. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0163-5581 .- 1532-7914. ; 72:7, s. 1191-1199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Involuntary body weight loss in head and neck cancer is common. Fundamental for weight loss is an energy imbalance where total energy expenditure exceeds energy intake.Aim: To map energy intake and parameters of energy expenditure at the start of and after radiotherapy, and their relation to weight change, body mass index, and immune markers in patients with head and neck cancer.Materials and Methods: Data from 20 patients on energy intake (24-hour dietary intake recalls), total energy expenditure (SenseWear Armband Pro3), resting energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry), body weight, body mass index, and immune markers in serum (C-reactive protein and Interleukin-6) were collected at the start of and after radiotherapy (median 8 mo, range 5–13).Results: No statistical significance was shown between the two measurement points for energy intake or for the different parameters of energy expenditure. Median values for energy balance were 0.93 and 0.96 for the start of treatment and follow-up, respectively. Twelve and 13 patients had a negative energy balance at the start of radiotherapy and at follow-up, respectively.Conclusion: A negative energy balance was seen for the majority of patients, which stresses the importance of nutritional treatment at the start of and after radiotherapy.
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| 10. |
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