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- Allely, Clare Sarah
(författare)
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Experiences of prison inmates with autism spectrum disorders and the knowledge and understanding of the spectrum amongst prison staff: a review
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour. - 2050-8824. ; 6:2, s. 55-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the research which has examined the link between autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and offending behaviour and the impact of prison on individuals with ASDs. Studies suggest that inmates with ASDs may be at an increased risk of bullying, confrontations, exploitation, anxiety and social isolation as a result of their ASD traits such as obsessions, social naivety and impaired empathy. Design/methodology/approach – An extensive review of the literature. Findings – The review identifies a modest amount of studies (n=4) which have explored the experience of individuals with ASD in prison and highlights that inmates with ASDs face a multitude of problems when they enter prison. Despite an extensive literature search only one study was identified which investigated the knowledge and understanding of ASDs amongst prison staff. Research limitations/implications – Further research is urgently needed to consider the specific problems faced by inmates with ASD, to identify how to make the prison environment safer and more supportive for inmates with ASD and how to reduce the likelihood of re-offending. Practical implications – This review highlights that, to date, there has been relatively little to guide service design in order to develop support services for individuals with ASD in prison. There has been a scarcity of studies investigating the effectiveness of various treatment models to target offending behaviour in individuals with ASD. Originality/value – This paper fulfils an identified need to study and identify the specific problems faced by inmates with ASD and to identify changes which are required to provide an environment in prison which is safer and more supportive. © 2015, © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
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| 2. |
- Allely, Clare Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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Sexual offending and autism spectrum disorders
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour. - 2050-8824. ; 7:1, s. 35-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – Studies have found innate vulnerabilities which potentially may increase the risk of an individual with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) finding themselves involved with the criminal justice system as a result of being charged with a sexual offence. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the literature which has explored sexual offending in individuals with ASD. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic PRISMA review (PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) was conducted using internet-based bibliographic databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection and PsycARTICLES) in order to access studies which investigated to any degree the association between ASD and sexual offending. Findings – Only a small number of case reports (n=7) on sexual offending in individuals with ASD and a small number of prevalence studies (n=7) were identified. Research limitations/implications – Research is urgently required to identify the specific requirements and needs of sexual offenders with ASD in order to inform an appropriate treatment strategy for successful outcomes. Originality/value – Relatively few studies and reviews have investigated the area of ASD and sexual offending specifically. © 2016, © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
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| 3. |
- Faccini, L., et al.
(författare)
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Rare instances of individuals with autism supporting or engaging in terrorism
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour. - : Emerald. - 2050-8824. ; 8:2, s. 70-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The prevalence of individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) being associated with terroristic threats, lone wolf terrorism or affiliating with terroristic groups is rare. This paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach - However, several cases are presented, where individuals with autism are involved in making a naive, empty terroristic threat or uttering serious serial terroristic threats. Other cases are also presented of individuals being at risk for an abduction or being used by a terrorist group, and finally committing an act of domestic lone wolf terrorism. Findings - Essential to the analysis was establishing a functional connection between autism-based deficits and the terroristic threats, terrorism, and when to not criminalize naive, empty terroristic threats or acts. Originality/value - Currently, tools available to law enforcement and prosecutors exploit the vulnerabilities and liabilities which arise as a result of group interactions, a "preventive" approach to terrorism that is not applicable to the solitary, "lone wolf" terrorist. There has been relatively little research (including case studies) examining individuals with ASD who engage in terrorism. For instance, when dealing with an individual with ASD who is charged with terrorism, it is crucial to consider how the diagnosis of autism may have presented as a contextual vulnerability, and to make sure that justice, rehabilitation and management, are informed by an understanding of the person's diagnosis of ASD.
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