| 1. |
- Aarrestad, Thea, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmark data and model independent event classification for the large hadron collider
- 2022
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Ingår i: SciPost Physics. - 2542-4653. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe the outcome of a data challenge conducted as part of the Dark Machines (https://www.darkmachines.org) initiative and the Les Houches 2019 workshop on Physics at TeV colliders. The challenged aims to detect signals of new physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) using unsupervised machine learning algorithms. First, we propose how an anomaly score could be implemented to define model-independent signal regions in LHC searches. We define and describe a large benchmark dataset, consisting of > 1 billion simulated LHC events corresponding to 10 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. We then review a wide range of anomaly detection and density estimation algorithms, developed in the context of the data challenge, and we measure their performance in a set of realistic analysis environments. We draw a number of useful conclusions that will aid the development of unsupervised new physics searches during the third run of the LHC, and provide our benchmark dataset for future studies at https://www.phenoMLdata.org. Code to reproduce the analysis is provided at https://github.com/bostdiek/DarkMachines-UnsupervisedChallenge.
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| 2. |
- Abdallah, Waleed, et al.
(författare)
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Reinterpretation of LHC results for new physics: Status and recommendations after run 2
- 2020
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Ingår i: SciPost Physics. - 2542-4653. ; 9:2, s. 1-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the status of efforts to improve the reinterpretation of searches and measurements at the LHC in terms of models for new physics, in the context of the LHC Reinterpretation Forum. We detail current experimental offerings in direct searches for new particles, measurements, technical implementations and Open Data, and provide a set of recommendations for further improving the presentation of LHC results in order to better enable reinterpretation in the future. We also provide a brief description of existing software reinterpretation frameworks and recent global analyses of new physics that make use of the current data. © 2020 SciPost Foundation. All right reserved
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| 3. |
- Ahari, Mostafa Tanhayi, et al.
(författare)
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Partons as unique ground states of quantum Hall parent Hamiltonians : The case of Fibonacci anyons
- 2023
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Ingår i: SciPost Physics. - : Stichting SciPost. - 2542-4653. ; 15:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present microscopic, multiple Landau level, (frustration-free and positive semi-definite) parent Hamiltonians whose ground states, realizing different quantum Hall fluids, are parton-like and whose excitations display either Abelian or non-Abelian braiding statistics. We prove ground state energy monotonicity theorems for systems with different particle numbers in multiple Landau levels, demonstrate S-duality in the case of toroidal geometry, and establish complete sets of zero modes of special Hamiltonians stabilizing parton-like states, specifically at filling factor ν = 2/3. The emergent Entangled Pauli Principle (EPP), introduced in Phys. Rev. B 98, 161118(R) (2018) and which defines the “DNA” of the quantum Hall fluid, is behind the exact determination of the topological characteristics of the fluid, including charge and braiding statistics of excitations, and effective edge theory descriptions. When the closed-shell condition is satisfied, the densest (i.e., the highest density and lowest total angular momentum) zero-energy mode is a unique parton state. We conjecture that parton-like states generally span the subspace of many-body wave functions with the two-body M-clustering property within any given number of Landau levels, that is, wave functions with Mth-order coincidence plane zeroes and both holomorphic and anti-holomorphic dependence on variables. General arguments are supplemented by rigorous considerations for the M = 3 case of fermions in four Landau levels. For this case, we establish that the zero mode counting can be done by enumerating certain patterns consistent with an underlying EPP. We apply the coherent state approach of Phys. Rev. X 1, 021015 (2011) to show that the elementary (localized) bulk excitations are Fibonacci anyons. This demonstrates that the DNA associated with fractional quantum Hall states encodes all universal properties. Specifically, for parton-like states, we establish a link with tensor network structures of finite bond dimension that emerge via root level entanglement.
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| 4. |
- Anous, Tarek, et al.
(författare)
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A general definition of JTa — deformed QFTs
- 2021
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Ingår i: SciPost Physics. - 2542-4653. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a general path-integral definition of two-dimensional quantum field theories deformed by an integrable, irrelevant vector operator constructed from the components of the stress tensor and those of a U (1) current. The deformed theory is obtained by coupling the original QFT to a flat dynamical gauge field and half a flat dynamical vielbein. The resulting partition function is shown to satisfy a geometric flow equation, which perfectly reproduces the flow equations for the deformed energy levels that were previously derived in the literature. The S-matrix of the deformed QFT differs from the original S-matrix only by an overall phase factor that depends on the charges and momenta of the external particles, thus supporting the conjecture that such QFTs are UV complete, although intrinsically non-local. For the special case of an integrable QFT, we check that this phase factor precisely reproduces the change in the finite-size spectrum via the Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz equations.
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| 5. |
- Baiguera, Stefano, et al.
(författare)
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Conformal Carroll scalars with boosts
- 2023
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Ingår i: SciPost Physics. - : Stichting SciPost. - 2542-4653. ; 14:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We construct two distinct actions for scalar fields that are invariant under local Carroll boosts and Weyl transformations. Conformal Carroll field theories were recently argued to be related to the celestial holography description of asymptotically flat spacetimes. However, only few explicit examples of such theories are known, and they lack local Carroll boost symmetry on a generic curved background. We derive two types of conformal Carroll scalar actions with boost symmetry on a curved background in any dimension and compute their energy-momentum tensors, which are traceless. In the first type of theories, time derivatives dominate and spatial derivatives are suppressed. In the second type, spatial derivatives dominate, and constraints are present to ensure local boost invariance. By integrating out these constraints, we show that the spatial conformal Carroll theories can be reduced to lower-dimensional Euclidean CFTs, which is reminiscent of the embedding space construction.
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| 6. |
- Banerjee, Avik, 1992, et al.
(författare)
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Fingerprints of freeze-in dark matter in an early matter-dominated era
- 2022
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Ingår i: SciPost Physics. - 2542-4653. ; 13:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the impact of an alternate cosmological history with an early matter-dominated epoch on the freeze-in production of dark matter. Such early matter domination is triggered by a meta-stable matter field dissipating into radiation. In general, the dissipation rate has a non-trivial temperature and scale factor dependence. Compared to the usual case of dark matter production via the freeze-in mechanism in a radiation-dominated universe, in this scenario, orders of magnitude larger coupling between the visible and the dark sector can be accommodated. Finally, as a proof of principle, we consider a specific model where the dark matter is produced by a sub-GeV dark photon having a kinetic mixing with the Standard Model photon. We point out that the parameter space of this model can be probed by the experiments in the presence of an early matter-dominated era.
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| 7. |
- Banerjee, Souvik, et al.
(författare)
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A bound on thermal relativistic correlators at large spacelike momenta
- 2020
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Ingår i: SciPost Physics. - : SCIPOST FOUNDATION. - 2542-4653. ; 8:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider thermal Wightman correlators in a relativistic quantum field theory in the limit where the spatial momenta of the insertions become large while their frequencies stay fixed. We show that, in this limit, the size of these correlators is bounded by e(-beta R), where R is the radius of the smallest sphere that contains the polygon formed by the momenta. We show that perturbative quantum field theories can saturate this bound through suitably high-order loop diagrams. We also consider holographic theories in d-spacetime dimensions, where we show that the leading two-point function of generalized free-fields saturates the bound in d = 2 and is below the bound for d > 2. We briefly discuss interactions in holographic theories and conclude with a discussion of several open problems.
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| 8. |
- Bhardwaj, Lakshya, et al.
(författare)
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Non-invertible higher-categorical symmetries
- 2023
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Ingår i: SciPost Physics. - : Stichting SciPost. - 2542-4653. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We sketch a procedure to capture general non-invertible symmetries of a d-dimensional quantum field theory in the data of a higher-category, which captures the local properties of topological defects associated to the symmetries. We also discuss fusions of topological defects, which involve condensations/gaugings of higher-categorical symmetries localized on the worldvolumes of topological defects. Recently some fusions of topological defects were discussed in the literature where the dimension of topological defects seems to jump under fusion. This is not possible in the standard description of higher-categories. We explain that the dimension-changing fusions are understood as higher-morphisms of the higher-category describing the symmetry. We also discuss how a 0-form sub-symmetry of a higher-categorical symmetry can be gauged and describe the higher-categorical symmetry of the theory obtained after gauging. This provides a procedure for constructing non-invertible higher-categorical symmetries starting from invertible higher-form or higher-group symmetries and gauging a 0-form symmetry. We illustrate this procedure by constructing non-invertible 2-categorical symmetries in 4d gauge theories and non-invertible 3-categorical symmetries in 5d and 6d theories. We check some of the results obtained using our approach against the results obtained using a recently proposed approach based on’t Hooft anomalies.
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| 9. |
- Bhardwaj, Lakshya, et al.
(författare)
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Non-invertible symmetry webs
- 2023
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Ingår i: SciPost Physics. - : Stichting SciPost. - 2542-4653. ; 15:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-invertible symmetries have by now seen numerous constructions in higher dimensional Quantum Field Theories (QFT). In this paper we provide an in depth study of gauging 0-form symmetries in the presence of non-invertible symmetries. The starting point of our analysis is a theory with G 0-form symmetry, and we propose a description of sequential partial gaugings of sub-symmetries. The gauging implements the theta-symmetry defects of the companion paper [1]. The resulting network of symmetry structures related by this gauging will be called a non-invertible symmetry web. Our formulation makes direct contact with fusion 2-categories, and we uncover numerous interesting structures such as symmetry fractionalization in this categorical setting. The complete symmetry web is derived for several groups G, and we propose extensions to higher dimensions. The highlight of this analysis is the complete categorical symmetry web, including non-invertible symmetries, for 3d pure gauge theories with orthogonal gauge groups and its extension to arbitrary dimensions.
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| 10. |
- Bhardwaj, Lakshya, et al.
(författare)
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Unifying constructions of non-invertible symmetries
- 2023
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Ingår i: SciPost Physics. - : SciPost Foundation. - 2542-4653. ; 15:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the past year several constructions of non-invertible symmetries in Quantum Field Theory in d ≥ 3 have appeared. In this paper we provide a unified perspective on these constructions. Central to this framework are so-called theta defects, which generalize the notion of theta-angles, and allow the construction of universal and non-universal topological symmetry defects. We complement this physical analysis by proposing a mathematical framework (based on higher-fusion categories) that converts the physical construction of non-invertible symmetries into a concrete computational scheme.
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