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- Davies, John R, et al.
(författare)
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Development and validation of a melanoma risk score based on pooled data from 16 case-control studies
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention. - 1538-7755. ; 24:5, s. 24-817
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We report the development of a cutaneous melanoma risk algorithm based upon seven factors; hair color, skin type, family history, freckling, nevus count, number of large nevi, and history of sunburn, intended to form the basis of a self-assessment Web tool for the general public.METHODS: Predicted odds of melanoma were estimated by analyzing a pooled dataset from 16 case-control studies using logistic random coefficients models. Risk categories were defined based on the distribution of the predicted odds in the controls from these studies. Imputation was used to estimate missing data in the pooled datasets. The 30th, 60th, and 90th centiles were used to distribute individuals into four risk groups for their age, sex, and geographic location. Cross-validation was used to test the robustness of the thresholds for each group by leaving out each study one by one. Performance of the model was assessed in an independent UK case-control study dataset.RESULTS: Cross-validation confirmed the robustness of the threshold estimates. Cases and controls were well discriminated in the independent dataset [area under the curve, 0.75; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.73-0.78]. Twenty-nine percent of cases were in the highest risk group compared with 7% of controls, and 43% of controls were in the lowest risk group compared with 13% of cases.CONCLUSION: We have identified a composite score representing an estimate of relative risk and successfully validated this score in an independent dataset.IMPACT: This score may be a useful tool to inform members of the public about their melanoma risk.
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| 2. |
- Newton Bishop, Julia A., et al.
(författare)
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Teaching non-specialist health care professionals how to identify the atypical mole syndrome phenotype : a multinational study
- 2000
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-0963 .- 1365-2133. ; 142:2, s. 331-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The atypical mole syndrome (AMS) phenotype is the strongest known risk factor for cutaneous melanoma but recognition of the phenotype has been claimed to be problematic and to require specialist assessment. This study determined the ability of previously unskilled doctors and nurses in five countries to recognize the phenotype after brief training. The system used was the AMS scoring system. This incorporates melanocytic naevus counts, clinical atypia of naevi and distribution of naevi. The agreement in scoring between the dermatologist and trained personnel was determined in 986 patients; overall agreement in diagnosis was 94·5% (kappa 0·70, P < 0·0001). The kappa scores in different countries ranged from 0·65 to 0·77 for individual naevus characteristics, indicative of good agreement. Accurate diagnosis of the atypical mole syndrome phenotype is possible by non-specialists. This has implications for collaborative studies of naevi, for screening and for both primary and secondary prevention of melanoma.
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| 3. |
- Chen, S., et al.
(författare)
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Time synchronization for predictable and secure data collection in wireless sensor networks
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of MedHocNet. ; , s. 165-172
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wireless sensor networks are trying to findtheir way from relatively undemanding applications suchas environmental monitoring to applications such as industrialcontrol, which have stronger requirements in termsof security and predictability. Predictability cannot beachieved without coordination and the coordination of distributedentities and events requires time synchronization.Towards this end, we present a secure time synchronizationservice, that as our experimental results show does notdegrade time synchronization accuracy. Based on the timesynchronization service we implement time slotted datacollection and present results that show that this way wecan provide a predictable data collection service.
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| 6. |
- Oelschlägel, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Implementation of remote home care : Assessment guided by the RE-AIM framework
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : Springer Nature. - 1472-6963. ; 24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Welfare technology interventions have become increasingly important in home-based palliative care for facilitating safe, time-efficient, and cost-effective methods to support patients living independently. However, studies evaluating the implementation of welfare technology innovations are scarce, and the empirical evidence for sustainable models using technology in home-based palliative care remains low. This study aimed to report on the use of the Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to assess the implementation of remote home care (RHC) a technology-mediated service for home-living patients in the palliative phase of cancer. Furthermore, it aimed to explore areas of particular importance determining the sustainability of technologies for remote palliative home-based care.Methods A secondary analysis of data collected by semi-structured interviews with patients with cancer in the palliative phase, focus groups, and semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals (HCPs) experienced with RHC was performed. A deductive reflexive thematic analysis using RE-AIM dimensions was conducted.Results Five themes illustrating the five RE-AIM dimensions were identified: (1) Reach: protective actions inrecruitment - gatekeeping, (2) Effectiveness: potential to offer person-centered care, (3) Adoption: balancing high touch with high tech, (4) Implementation: moving towards a common understanding, and (5) Maintenance: adjusting to what really matters. The RE-AIM framework highlighted that RHC implementation for patients in the palliative phase of cancer was influenced by HCP gatekeeping behavior, concerns regarding abandoning palliative care as a high-touch specialty, and a lack of competence in palliative care. Although RHC facilitated improved routines in patients’ daily lives, it was perceived as a static service unable to keep pace with disease progression.Conclusions A person-centered approach that prioritizes individual needs and preferences is necessary for providing optimal care. Although technologies such as RHC are not a panacea, they can be integrated as support for increasingly strained health services.
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| 7. |
- Oelschlägel, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Implementing welfare technology in palliative homecare for patients with cancer : a qualitative study of health-care professionals' experiences
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Palliative Care. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-684X. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Introducing welfare technology in home-based palliative care has been suggested to be beneficial for improving access to health care at home and enhancing patients' feelings of security and safety. However, little is known about the experiences of municipal health-care professionals using welfare technology in palliative home care. The aim of this study was to explore municipal health-care professionals' experiences regarding the significant challenges, facilitators, and assessments associated with implementing a technological solution named "remote home care" in palliative home care for patients with cancer.METHODS: A qualitative, descriptive, exploratory design was used. Data were collected through focus-group interviews and individual semi-structured interviews with interdisciplinary health-care professionals who had experience using remote home care in clinical encounters with cancer patients who were in the palliative phase and living at home. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.RESULTS: Three themes were identified: 1) shifting from objective measures to assessing priorities for patients, 2) lack of experience and personal distress regarding cancer inhibits professional care, and 3) prominent organizational challenges undermine the premise of remote home care.CONCLUSION: The results showed that shifting from a disease-focused to a person-centered approach enables health-care professionals to assess patients' personal priorities. However, health-care professionals' uncertainty and lack of knowledge and experience, along with organizational issues concerning information-sharing, represent great challenges that have the potential to inhibit professional care. The availability of networks through which difficult issues can be discussed was highlighted as being a fundamental resource for facilitating the provision of care.
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| 8. |
- Oelschlägel, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Patients' experiences with a welfare technology application for remote home care : A longitudinal study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 32:17-18, s. 6545-6558
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims and Objectives: To explore the longitudinal experiences using an application named remote home care for remote palliative care among patients with cancer living at home.Background: Introducing welfare technology in home- based care for patients with cancer in the palliative phase is internationally suggested as a measure to remotely support palliative care needs. However, little is known about the experiences of patients utilising welfare technology applications to receive home-based care from healthcare professionals in a community care context. Although living with cancer in the palliative phase often presents rapidly changing ailments, emotions and chal-lenges with patients' needs changing accordingly, no studies exploring the longitudinal experiences of patients were found.Design: A qualitative study with a longitudinal, exploratory design.Methods: Data were collected through individual interviews with 11 patients over 16 weeks. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The COREQ checklist guided the reporting of the study.Results: Three themes were identified: (1) potential to facilitate self- governance of life-limiting illness in daily life, (2) need for interpersonal relationships and connections, and (3) experiences of increased responsibility and unclear utility of the Remote Home Care.Conclusion: The results showed that remote home care facilitated patients' daily routines, symptom control and improved illness- management at home. Interpersonal relationships with healthcare professionals were considered pivotal for satisfactory follow-up. Infrastructural glitches regarding data access, information sharing and lack of continuous adjustments of the application represented major challenges, with the potential to impose a burden on patients with cancer in the palliative phase.Relevance to Clinical Practice: By exploring the experiences of patients in palliative care over time as the disease progresses, this study provides constructive insights for the design and development of welfare technology applications and optimal care strategies.Patient or Public Contribution: The remote home care was developed by interdisciplinary healthcare professionals.
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| 10. |
- Steindal, Simen A, et al.
(författare)
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Advantages and Challenges in Using Telehealth for Home-Based Palliative Care : Protocol for a Systematic Mixed Studies Review
- 2021
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Ingår i: JMIR Research Protocols. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 1929-0748. ; 10:5
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Given the increasing number of people in need of palliative care services and the current health care professional workforce strain, providing equitable, quality palliative care has become a challenge. Telehealth could be an innovative approach to palliative care delivery, enabling patients to spend more time or even remain at home, if they wish, throughout the illness trajectory. However, no previous systematic mixed studies reviews have synthesized evidence on patients' experiences of the advantages and challenges of telehealth for home-based palliative care.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic mixed studies review is to critically appraise and synthesize findings from studies that investigated patients' use of telehealth in home-based palliative care with a focus on the advantages and challenges experienced by the patients.METHODS: This article describes the protocol for a systematic mixed studies review with a convergent design. The reporting will be guided by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. A systematic search was performed in eight databases for studies published from January 2010 to June 2020. The search will be updated in 2021. Pairs of authors will independently assess eligibility, extract data, and assess methodological quality. The data will then be analyzed using thematic synthesis.RESULTS: We describe the rationale and design of a systematic mixed studies review. The database searches were performed on June 25, 2020. Assessment of eligibility and further steps have not yet been performed. Results are anticipated by August 2021.CONCLUSIONS: Following the ethos of patient-centered palliative care, this systematic mixed studies review could lead to recommendations for practice and policy, enabling the development and implementation of telehealth applications and services that align with patients' preferences and needs at home.INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/22626.
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