| 1. |
- Andersson, Maria L.E., et al.
(författare)
-
Autoantibodies to Disease-Related Proteins in Joints as Novel Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 75:7, s. 1110-1119
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. This study was undertaken to develop and characterize a multiplex immunoassay for detection of autoantibodies against peptides derived from proteins known to play a role in development of arthritis and that are also expressed in joints.Methods. We selected peptides from the human counterpart of proteins expressed in the joints, based on mouse models that showed these to be targeted by pathogenic or regulatory antibodies in vivo. Using bead-based flow immunoassays measuring IgG antibodies, we selected triple helical or cyclic peptides, containing the epitopes, to avoid collinear reactivity. We characterized the analytical performance of the immunoassay and then validated it in 3 independent rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cohorts (n = 2,110), Swedish age- and sex-matched healthy controls, and patients with osteoarthritis (OA), patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Results. Screening assays showed 5 peptide antigens that discriminated RA patients from healthy controls with 99% specificity (95% confidence interval [CI] 98-100%). In our validation studies, we reproduced the discriminatory capacity of the autoantibodies in 2 other RA cohorts, showing that the autoantibodies had high discriminatory capacity for RA versus OA, PsA, and SLE. The novel biomarkers identified 22.5% (95% CI 19-26%) of early RA patients seronegative for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide and rheumatoid factor. The usefulness of the biomarkers in identifying seronegative RA patients was confirmed in validation studies using 2 independent cohorts of RA patients and cohorts of patients with OA, PsA, and SLE.Conclusion. A multiplex immunoassay with peptides from disease-related proteins in joints was found to be useful for detection of specific autoantibodies in RA serum. Of note, this immunoassay had high discriminatory capacity for early seronegative RA.
|
|
| 2. |
- Andersson, Peter, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Coincidence spectroscopy for increased sensitivity in radionuclide monitoring
- 2022
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The majority of the energy in a nuclear explosion is released in the immediate blast and the initial radiation accounts. The remaining fraction is released through radioactive decay of the explosion's fission products and neutron activation products over a longer time span. This allows for the detection of a nuclear explosion by detecting the presence of residual decay. Radionuclide monitoring stations for detection of radioactive emissions to the atmosphere is thereby an important tool in the verification of compliance with nuclear disarmament treaties. In particular, the globally spanning radionuclide station network of the International Monitoring System (IMS) has been implemented for verification of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty.High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detectors are workhorses in radionuclide monitoring. The detection of characteristic gamma rays can be used to disclose the presence of signature nuclides produced innuclear weapon tests. A particular development that has potential to improve the sensitivity of radionuclide monitoring is the coincidence technique where decaying nuclides that emit several coincident gamma rays can be detected at much smaller activity concentrations than with conventional gamma spectroscopy.In this project, dedicated gamma-gamma coincidence detectors are being developed, utilizing electronically segmented HPGe detectors. These detectors are expected to be highly sensitive to low-activity samples of nuclides that present coincident emissions of gamma rays. In this paper we present the concept, define performance parameters, and explore the performance of such detectors to a subset of radionuclides of particular CTBT relevance. In addition, we discuss the path forward in developing a next generation gamma-gamma coincidence spectroscopy system of segmented HPGe.
|
|
| 3. |
- Magnusson, Alf, 1958, et al.
(författare)
-
A Comparison of Spray Properties for Model Fuel and Diesel Using Several Optical Methods
- 2004
-
Ingår i: 19th Ilass Europe.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many experiments are carried out using a model fuel, for instance for measurement technique reasons. These data are usually transferred to situations where standard diesel fuel is used. The objective of this work is to characterize the liquid and vapour phase penetration of two different diesel fuels, one two-component model fuel, IDEA (70% n-decane and 30% α-methylnaphthalene) and one standard diesel fuel (Swedish Environmental Class I), when injected into air with density corresponding to early injections up to self ignition conditions in diesel engines. The experimental study was carried out in the high-pressure, high-temperature (HP/HT) spray rig at Chalmers, which was pressurized in the range of 4 to 85 bar and with temperature ranging from 400 to 800 K.A common-rail injection system with a single hole nozzle was used. Several optical methods (Schlieren, Shadowgraph, LIF (Laser Induced Fluorescence) and Mie-scattering) were used together or separately which allow a comparison of the output. Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) was used for the two fuels as a complement to the planar methods. Results from measurements show that there are differences in liquid penetration, fuel vaporization and droplet distribution in between the fuels and relatively good agreement between the methods
|
|
| 4. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(författare)
-
171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Andersson, Alf, et al.
(författare)
-
Characteristics of the Defense Mechanism Technique modified (DMTm) as Related to Age and Gender of Adolescent Inpatients at a Psychiatric Clinic
- 2010
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A cross-sectional developmental study of 326 non-psychotic inpatients at a child and adolescent psychiatric clinic was carried out making use of the Defense Mechanism Technique modified (DMTm). The 139 girls and 187 boys were divided into three age groups: 12-13, 14-15 and 16-17 year olds. It was predicted on the basis of previous research that the younger boys would exhibit the defense of inclusive affect isolation more frequently than the older ones. This was found to be the case, this same age-related difference being found for the girls and for the group as a whole. The sign of disappearance of hero/heroine (H) was found more frequently in the younger than the older subjects, and the sign of H sad more frequently in the 14-15 year olds. As expected, the girls were scored for the identity defense of denial through reversal III more often than the boys. Other characteristics found more frequently in the girls than the boys were repression at the site of the attribute (A-repression) and the signs of H sad and A a child. The identity defense of denial through reversal I and the sign of splitting (split H) were characteristics more often observed in the boys than the girls. The findings were interpreted in terms of the Andersson developmental and psychodynamic model of the mind.
|
|
| 7. |
- Andersson, Alf
(författare)
-
Comparison of sheet-metal-forming simulation and try-out tools in the design of a forming tool
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Journal of Engineering Design. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1466-1837 .- 0954-4828. ; 15:6, s. 551-561
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, sheet-metal-forming simulation is a powerful technique for predicting the formability of automotive parts. Compared with traditional methods such as the use of try-out tools, sheet-metal-forming simulation enables a significant increase in the number of tool designs that can be tested before hard tools are manufactured. Another advantage of sheet-metal-forming simulation is the possibility to use it at an early stage of the design process, for example in the preliminary design phase. Today, the accuracy of the results in sheet-metal-forming simulation is high enough to replace the use of try-out tools to a great extent. At Volvo Car Corporation, Body Components, where this study has been carried out, sheet-metal-forming simulation is used as an integrated part in the process of tool design and tool production.
|
|
| 8. |
- Andersson, Alf, et al.
(författare)
-
Drug of choice as related to percept-genetic reconstruction of personality in terms of the Spiral Aftereffect Technique (SAT) and the Defense Mechanism Technique modified (DMTm).
- 2005
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study concerns whether the personality of drug addicts is related to their drug of choice. A group of 112 heavy drug addicts participated, each selected for either heroin (29 women, 52 men) or amphetamine (31 men) being their basic drug. Their personality was assessed by means of two percept-genetic techniques, the Spiral Aftereffect Technique (SAT) and the Defense Mechanism Technique modified (DMTm). The data was examined by use of Multidimensional Scaling. The most typical signs for the male heroin abusers were LLs on SAT and denial 1 and repression 3 but not repression 6 on DMTm. Both the female heroin and the male amphetamine abusers were characterized by L- on SAT and denial through reversal III and repression 6 on DMTm. It is suggested that male abusers for whom heroin is the drug of choice reconstruct the very first position of the Andersson developmental and psychodynamic model of the mind, linked in particular with primary dependency. This contrasts with both the male and the female abusers, for whom amphetamine and heroin, respectively, are the basic drugs, and who reconstruct positions in the Andersson model linked with hystero-phobia.
|
|
| 9. |
- Andersson, Alf, et al.
(författare)
-
Enhanced denial or the emergence of affect isolation of an inclusive kind were uncommon in the Defense Mechanism Technique modified (DMTm) after successful psychodynamic therapy.
- 2007
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A group of 74 psychiatric patients who had undergone psychodynamic therapy (PDT; 24 women, 10 men), cognitive psychotherapy (CPT; 9 women, 2 men) or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT; 17 women, 12 men) were given the Defense Mechanism Technique modified (DMTm), a percept-genetic technique, both prior to therapy and four months after completing it, at which time they evaluated by questionnaire the therapeutic outcome in terms of their degree of satisfaction, change in personality, symptoms, and handling of problems and the therapy’s usefulness. As hypothesized, either an increase in denial or the emergence of inclusive affect isolation following therapy in DMTm occurred less frequently in PDT patients who rated their therapy as successful than in the remaining PDT patients and in both of the other two patient groups (CPT and CBT), irrespective in the latter case of how the therapeutic outcome was rated. The findings were interpreted in terms of the Andersson developmental and psychodynamic model of the mind.
|
|
| 10. |
- Andersson, Alf, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation and comparison of surface defects on a simplified model for the area around the fuel filler lid by simulation and experiments
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Simulation of Material Processing: Theory, Methods and Application: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference Numiform 2001. - 9026518226
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a serious need in the automotive industry to predict surface defects in outer panels. Measures to prevent these defects can not be taken until a test part has been manufactured. This costs a lot in time and money. Within the present project stamping tools for a model part resembling the area around the fuel filler lid was developed. This is an area of the outer surface of a car, which is particularly sensitive for surface defects. Based on this model both experiments and sheet-metal-forming simulations were performed and the results were compared. The result showed that the simulations were able to predict the location of the defects but the magnitudes of the defects were not sufficiently accurate. The defects that occurred were more like waves than small localised defects at the corners, “teddy bear ears”. These defects could be seen in both the experiments and the simulations.
|
|
