| 1. |
- Onufrey, Ksenia
(författare)
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Technology Dynamics in Multi-Technology Industries : Selection and Variety Creation through the Lens of Path Dependency and Path Generation
- 2014
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis studies technological development in multi-technology industries, or industries characterized by co-existence of several technological alternatives that are used in the same or largely overlapping applications and markets. Although a lot of industries can be considered as multi-technological, they are understudied in the current research. Therefore, thesis purpose is to explain the processes of variety creation and selection in such industries. These two processes, considered in evolutionary economics literature as central for understanding technology dynamics, have specific characteristics in multi-technology industries and require a separate conceptualization.As theoretical tools to consider the processes of selection and variety creation, the concepts of path dependency and path generation are chosen, respectively. To account for the specifics of the selection process, the framework of multiple paths and path interaction is suggested. This framework acknowledges the existence of persistence and self-reinforcing mechanisms at the level of narrowly defined technologies as well as at the overall industry level. The specifics of the process of variety creation are found to be defined by the influence from the process of selection. Therefore, variety creation is studied by analyzing how path dependency affects path generation. Three types of such influence are suggested: negative, neutral and positive.Using the suggested concepts, the empirical case of the multi-technology lighting industry is considered with the help of patents analysis as well as the study of secondary data sources. As a result, several specific characteristics of the processes of selection and variety creation are revealed and explained.The process of selection is found to be present at two levels: the level of narrowly defined technologies and the overall industry level. While the former level is well in line with traditional conceptualizations of selection mechanisms, it is the latter one that represents the specifics of multi-technology industries. The overall industry-level selection is based on partial overlaps between technologies and helps to explain why selection is not fully based on technology competition, but allows for positive interaction between alternatives.For the process of variety creation, it is found to be influenced by the process of selection in three different ways. First, negative influence is found in the form of barriers imposed on the process of new technology development. Second, neutral influence is observed in the way how the established technology shaped some of the characteristics of the new ones. This type of influence explains the cumulative nature of variety creation in multi-technology industries. Third, positive influence is seen in the form of opportunities provided for new technology development, which also explains the on-going and industry-internal character of variety creation.In sum, both processes are found to be different from traditional conceptualizations, and the interplay between them helps to sustain the multi-technological character of such industries.
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| 2. |
- Schiele, Miriam A., et al.
(författare)
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Therapygenetic effects of 5-HTTLPR on cognitive-behavioral therapy in anxiety disorders : A meta-analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Neuropsychopharmacology. - : Elsevier. - 0924-977X .- 1873-7862. ; 44, s. 105-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a recurring debate on the role of the serotonin transporter gene linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) in the moderation of response to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in anxiety disorders. Results, however, are still inconclusive. We here aim to perform a meta-analysis on the role of 5-HTTLPR in the moderation of CBT outcome in anxiety disorders. We investigated both categorical (symptom reduction of at least 50%) and dimensional outcomes from baseline to post-treatment and follow-up. Original data were obtained from ten independent samples (including three unpublished samples) with a total of 2,195 patients with primary anxiety disorder. No significant effects of 5-HTTLPR genotype on categorical or dimensional outcomes at post and follow-up were detected. We conclude that current evidence does not support the hypothesis of 5-HTTLPR as a moderator of treatment outcome for CBT in anxiety disorders. Future research should address whether other factors such as long-term changes or epigenetic processes may explain further variance in these complex gene-environment interactions and molecular-genetic pathways that may confer behavioral change following psychotherapy.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Elin, 1977-
(författare)
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Responsiones Vadstenenses : Perspectives on the Birgittine Rule in Two Texts from Vadstena and Syon Abbey. A Critical Edition with Translation and Introduction
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syon Abbey, established as the first Birgittine monastery in England in 1415, quite soon became a powerful institution within the order. Although often asserting their own conceptions of the Rule, the English Birgittines still sought the advice of Vadstena, their mother house, when it came to certain important matters concerning monastic life. The present work contains editions of two Latin texts: Responsiones, a document consisting of 175 questions and answers on the Birgittine Rule and daily life in the monastery, and Collacio, a sermon reflecting similar matters. The first part of the Responsiones consists of answers to five questions, sent from Syon to Sweden by letter. An important issue concerns the leadership in the monastery and the role of the Birgittine brothers. Were they to be seen as monks, living in their own monastery, or as religious assistans to the sisters? The second part was written as a direct result of two English brothers visiting Vadstena in 1427 and contains 170 questions and answers dealing with various matters of importance: how to interpret certain Birgittine texts, regulations on food, silence and speech as well as questions on preaching, liturgy and introduction into the monastery. The Collacio, in the manuscript said to have been presented to the Swedish community, was probably written by Syon’s conservator, the Benedictine abbot John Whethamstede of St Albans. Written in a highly metaphorical language rich in references to the Bible and Classical authors, the message to the Birgittine order is clear: first, it is wrong to have two leaders (confessor general as well as abbess) in one community; second, the Birgittines should strive to dispose of later additions and explanations and seek the original and true intentions of the foundress, Saint Birgitta. The thesis contains an introduction, editions with translations, glossary, indices, bibliography and plates.
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| 4. |
- Bombarda, F., et al.
(författare)
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Runaway electron beam control
- 2019
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Ingår i: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-6587 .- 0741-3335. ; 61:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Sonderby, Ida E., et al.
(författare)
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Dose response of the 16p11.2 distal copy number variant on intracranial volume and basal ganglia
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 25:3, s. 584-602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carriers of large recurrent copy number variants (CNVs) have a higher risk of developing neurodevelopmental disorders. The 16p11.2 distal CNV predisposes carriers to e.g., autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. We compared subcortical brain volumes of 12 16p11.2 distal deletion and 12 duplication carriers to 6882 non-carriers from the large-scale brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging collaboration, ENIGMA-CNV. After stringent CNV calling procedures, and standardized FreeSurfer image analysis, we found negative dose-response associations with copy number on intracranial volume and on regional caudate, pallidum and putamen volumes (β = −0.71 to −1.37; P < 0.0005). In an independent sample, consistent results were obtained, with significant effects in the pallidum (β = −0.95, P = 0.0042). The two data sets combined showed significant negative dose-response for the accumbens, caudate, pallidum, putamen and ICV (P = 0.0032, 8.9 × 10−6, 1.7 × 10−9, 3.5 × 10−12 and 1.0 × 10−4, respectively). Full scale IQ was lower in both deletion and duplication carriers compared to non-carriers. This is the first brain MRI study of the impact of the 16p11.2 distal CNV, and we demonstrate a specific effect on subcortical brain structures, suggesting a neuropathological pattern underlying the neurodevelopmental syndromes.
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| 6. |
- Zikrin, Spartak, 1987-
(författare)
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Large-Scale Optimization Methods with Application to Design of Filter Networks
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nowadays, large-scale optimization problems are among those most challenging. Any progress in developing methods for large-scale optimization results in solving important applied problems more effectively. Limited memory methods and trust-region methods represent two ecient approaches used for solving unconstrained optimization problems. A straightforward combination of them deteriorates the efficiency of the former approach, especially in the case of large-scale problems. For this reason, the limited memory methods are usually combined with a line search. We develop new limited memory trust-region algorithms for large-scale unconstrained optimization. They are competitive with the traditional limited memory line-search algorithms.In this thesis, we consider applied optimization problems originating from the design of lter networks. Filter networks represent an ecient tool in medical image processing. It is based on replacing a set of dense multidimensional lters by a network of smaller sparse lters called sub-filters. This allows for improving image processing time, while maintaining image quality and the robustness of image processing.Design of lter networks is a nontrivial procedure that involves three steps: 1) choosing the network structure, 2) choosing the sparsity pattern of each sub-filter and 3) optimizing the nonzero coecient values. So far, steps 1 and 2 were mainly based on the individual expertise of network designers and their intuition. Given a sparsity pattern, the choice of the coecients at stage 3 is related to solving a weighted nonlinear least-squares problem. Even in the case of sequentially connected lters, the resulting problem is of a multilinear least-squares (MLLS) type, which is a non-convex large-scale optimization problem. This is a very dicult global optimization problem that may have a large number of local minima, and each of them is singular and non-isolated. It is characterized by a large number of decision variables, especially for 3D and 4D lters.We develop an effective global optimization approach to solving the MLLS problem that reduces signicantly the computational time. Furthermore, we develop efficient methods for optimizing sparsity of individual sub-filters in lter networks of a more general structure. This approach offers practitioners a means of nding a proper trade-o between the image processing quality and time. It allows also for improving the network structure, which makes automated some stages of designing lter networks.
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| 7. |
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- 2018
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 58:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
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- 2018
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 58:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Andersson Lundgren, Andreas, 1970-
(författare)
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Molecular gas in the galaxy M83 : Its distribution, kinematics, and relation to star formation
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The barred spiral galaxy M83 (NGC5236) has been observed in the 12CO J=1–0 and J=2–1 millimetre lines with the Swedish-ESO Submillimetre Telescope (SEST). The sizes of the CO maps are 100×100, and they cover the entire optical disk. The CO emission is strongly peaked toward the nucleus. The molecular spiral arms are clearly resolved and can be traced for about 360º. The total molecular gas mass is comparable to the total Hi mass, but H2 dominates in the optical disk.Iso-velocity maps show the signature of an inclined, rotating disk, but also the effects of streaming motions along the spiral arms. The dynamical mass is determined and compared to the gas mass. The pattern speed is determined from the residual velocity pattern, and the locations of various resonances are discussed. The molecular gas velocity dispersion is determined, and a trend of decreasing dispersion with increasing galactocentric radius is found.A total gas (H2+Hi+He) mass surface density map is presented, and compared to the critical density for star formation of an isothermal gaseous disk. The star formation rate (SFR) in the disk is estimated using data from various star formation tracers. The different SFR estimates agree well when corrections for extinctions, based on the total gas mass map, are made. The radial SFR distribution shows features that can be associated with kinematic resonances. We also find an increased star formation efficiency in the spiral arms. Different Schmidt laws are fitted to the data. The star formation properties of the nuclear region, based on high angular resolution HST data, are also discussed.
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