| 1. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(författare)
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171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Natur på skolgården för lärande, hälsa och hållbarhet
- 2024. - 2024
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Gröna och artrika utemiljöer främjar barns och ungas välbefinnande och kunskap, bådegenom hälsofördelar kopplade till biologisk mångfald och genom att skapa förutsättningarför lek och lärande om natur och miljöfrågor. Skolgården skulle kunna bidra till allt detta,men är idag i hög grad en outnyttjad plats för biologisk mångfald och klimatanpassningav städer. I denna policy brief presenteras huvudsakliga motiv och möjliga åtgärder för attutveckla gröna miljöer och biologisk mångfald på skolgårdar och förskolegårdar.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Märit, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal gene expression in pigs experimentally co-infected with PCV2 and PPV
- 2011
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Ingår i: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-2427 .- 1873-2534. ; 142, s. 72-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the present study was to characterize the local immune reaction in the intestine of pigs experimentally infected with PCV2 and PPV. Archived intestinal material from an experimental study in which pigs were co-infected with a Swedish isolate of PCV2 (S-PCV2) and PPV, or a reference isolate of PCV2 (PCV2-1010) and PPV, were used. The intestinal samples were analysed by qPCR for expression of a number of selected cytokines and the overall gene expression in the intestine was screened by cDNA microarray. Analyses by qPCR showed that pigs infected with PCV2-1010/PPV displayed a significantly increased mRNA expression for IL-6 (p < 0.05), IL-10 (p < 0.05) and IFN-gamma (p < 0.05). The microarray screening revealed a strong up-regulation of IFITM3 along with several other interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in pigs infected with PCV2/PPV. The analyses also indicated differences between the two isolates. Fewer pigs infected with S-PCV2/PPV expressed the cytokines detected by qPCR, compared to pigs infected with PCV2-1010/PPV, and pigs infected with S-PCV2/PPV displayed a higher proportion of down-regulated genes than PCV2-1010/PPV-infected pigs. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Märit
(författare)
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On the immune response in porcine enteric diseases : with special reference to swine dysentery, proliferative enteropathy and PMWS
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Enteric infectious diseases are a common problem worldwide among pigs. It is important to gain a better knowledge about the pathogeneses of the diseases and the local immune response, in which the intestine has a very important role. The aim of this thesis was to study the immune response in pigs infected with Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Lawsonia intracellularis or Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) that cause swine dysentery (SD), proliferative enteropathy (PE) and postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrom (PMWS), respectively. For SD and PMWS, material from both experimental infections and field cases were used, whereas material from pigs with PE was available from field cases. The local immune response was studied by analysing the cytokine expression in intestines using the microarray and quantitative PCR techniques. For that purpose a porcine microarray with a limited number of cytokines representing different types of immune response was constructed and evaluated using in vitro stimulated porcine blood mononuclear cells, and porcine intestinal samples. A commercial available genome wide porcine cDNA microarray was applied for screening intestinal samples collected from experimental (PCV2) as well as field (Lawsonia intracellularis) studies. The serum analyses showed that IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were increased during natural SD. In pigs with experimental PMWS, increased mRNA expressions in the intestine for IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-γ were found. The increased mRNA expression for IFN-γ was also observed in field cases. For pigs with PE no differences in cytokine levels in serum or intestine were found between control and case pigs. cDNA microarray screening of intestinal samples from pigs with PE indicated that an uncomplicated infection with L intracellularis does not evoke an immune response and that the severe clinical signs of haemorrhagic diarrhoea can be regarded as a complication to the chronic form. In PCV2-infected pigs a marked up-regulation of interferon-stimulated genes was noticed. Comparison of two different isolates of PCV2 revealed differences in gene expression evoked by the two isolates. Expanded analyses using methods established in the present thesis will provide valuable insight into immune reactions elicited at porcine enteric diseases.
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| 5. |
- Espinosa-Arronte, Beatriz, et al.
(författare)
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Scaling of the B-dependent resistivity for different orientations in Fe doped YBa2Cu3O7-[delta]
- 2005
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Ingår i: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 423:1-2, s. 69-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The angular dependence of a previously proposed modified model of the vortex glass transition has been investigated. The in-plane resistivity in an optimally oxygen doped YBa2Cu3O7-delta single crystal, doped with 1% Fe, was measured in fields up to 12 T applied with different orientations with respect to the crystallographic c-axis. The transition curves at all orientations were successfully scaled into one curve according to a scaling variable for the normalized resistivity. Characteristic parameters of the model, like the glass transition temperature and the magnetic field B-0, were measured at each orientation and were in good agreement with the expected values. These results show that the model proposed is valid also for fields applied outside the c-axis, giving further support to a more consistent description of the vortex liquid resistivity.
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| 6. |
- Jacobson, Magdalena, et al.
(författare)
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Microarray and cytokine analyses of field cases of pigs with diarrhoea
- 2011
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Ingår i: Veterinary Microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1135 .- 1873-2542. ; 153, s. 307-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This field study explored the cytokine expression in intestinal tissue and serum from 19 diarrhoeic and 9 healthy pigs in herds with a long-time history of Lawsonia intracellularis-infection. The disease, proliferative enteropathy (PE), is associated with diarrhoea and poor performance in growers and haemorrhagic diarrhoea and sudden death in finisher pigs, but the immunopathology is poorly understood. Histopathology, demonstration of L intracellularis and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in intestinal tissue by PCR, and detection of serum antibodies to L. intracellularis, were performed. The presence of IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-alpha, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and TGF-beta in sera was determined by immunoassays, and intestinal mRNA expression of these cytokines plus IL-12p40 was determined by qPCR. Intestinal specimens from pigs with intestinal adenomatosis (n = 2), proliferative haemorrhagic enteropathy or swine dysentery (n = 2), and controls (n = 2) were analysed by a genome wide porcine microarray. The clinical signs of PE were not always supported by the subsequent analyses, and the presence of PCV2 may have contributed to an increased mRNA expression for IFN-gamma in intestinal specimens from some pigs. The limited gene expression in the microarray analyses and the limited expression of cytokines in both sera and intestines, indicate that the immune response is poorly activated in the initial course of an infection with L. intracellularis. However, the gene encoding for insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) was up-regulated in two pigs with prominent mucosal proliferation. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Jansson, Märit, et al.
(författare)
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Children's perspectives on vegetation establishment: Implications for school ground greening
- 2014
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Ingår i: Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. - : Elsevier BV. - 1618-8667 .- 1610-8167. ; 13, s. 166-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- School ground greening might provide multiple benefits for children across age, gender and competence through allowing participation in the greening process and experience of nature and vegetation. However, the process of school ground greening must nurture a positive relationship between children and newly planted vegetation during the first years after establishment. This study explored how green space planning, management and maintenance approaches influence children’s school ground use and experiences through a series of field observations following establishment of new vegetation in a landscaped area at a school in Malmö, Sweden. The methods included documentation of vegetation, observations of use and interviews with children and teachers on three occasions during one and a half years following the first planting. The greening approach appeared successful, especially for younger children (up to around 11 years), who were more positive and also used the area more than older children. They also used it for pretend play, which was rare in the school ground before greening. Experiences from continuous participation and physical use appeared important for children establishing a positive and caring relationship with the landscaped area. The results suggest that school ground greening should be well integrated with pedagogic activities. Damage to woody vegetation can be limited by establishing other landscape elements that are attractive for play and by using fences without hindering access.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Jensen Waern, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in domestic pigs with focus on the amino acid metabolism
- 2009
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Ingår i: Laboratory Animals. - : SAGE Publications. - 0023-6772 .- 1758-1117. ; 43:3, s. 249-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Streptozotocin (STZ) given intravenously destroys pancreatic beta cells and is widely used in animal models to mimic type 1 diabetes. The effects of STZ on the clinical state of health and metabolism were studied in six high health certified domestic pigs weighing 19 +/- 1.3 kg at the start of the experiment. A single STZ dose of 150 mg/kg of body weight successfully induced hyperglycaemia and alterations in amino acid metabolism. Within 9 h after STZ administration, the blood glucose values fell from 5.4-7.5 mmol/L to 0.8-2.2 mmol/L. Hypoglycaemia was treated with 0.5 g glucose/kg body weight. In all pigs, hyperglycaemia was produced 24 h after STZ treatment, and 3 days after STZ injection, the glucose concentration was >25 mmol/L. Mean C-peptide concentration was 0.25 +/- 0.16 mug/L since 2 days after STZ injection until the end of the study. The serum concentration of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) increased four-fold, and alanine and taurine decreased by approximately 70% and 50%, respectively, after STZ treatment. All but one pig remained brisk and the physical examination was normal except for a retarded growth rate and a reduction of the skeletal muscle. At the end of the study, the pigs were moderately emaciated. Postmortem examination confirmed muscle wasting and a reduction of abdominal and subcutaneous fat. In conclusion, STZ-induced diabetes in pigs fulfils the requirements for a good animal model for type 1 diabetes with respect to clinical signs of the disease and alterations in the carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism.
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| 10. |
- Wissendorff Ekdahl, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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‘Are decisions about dischargeof elderly hospital patients mainlyabout freeing blocked beds?’ : A qualitative observational study
- 2012
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Ingår i: The BMJ. - : BMJ. - 1756-1833. ; 2:6, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To explore the interactions concerning thefrail and elderly patients having to do with dischargefrom acute hospital wards and their participation inmedical decision-making. The views of the patients andthe medical staff were both investigated.Design: A qualitative observational and interviewstudy using the grounded theory.Setting and participants: The setting was threehospitals in rural and urban areas of two counties inSweden of which one was a teaching hospital. The datacomprised observations, healthcare staff interviews andpatient interviews. The selected patients were all aboutto be informed that they were going to be discharged.Results: The patients were seldom invited toparticipate in the decision-making regarding discharge.Generally, most communications regarding dischargewere between the doctor and the nurse, after which thepatient was simply informed about the decision. It wasobserved that the discharge information was oftengiven in an indirect way as if other, albeit absent,people were responsible for the decision. Interviewswith the healthcare staff revealed their preoccupationwith the need to free up beds: ‘thinking aboutdischarge planning all the time’ was the core category.This focus not only failed to fulfil the complex needs ofelderly patients, it also generated feelings of frustrationand guilt in the staff, and made the patients feelunwelcome.Conclusions: Frail elderly patients often did notparticipate in the medical decision-making regardingtheir discharge from hospital. The staff was highlyfocused on patients getting rapidly discharged, whichmade it difficult to fulfil the complex needs of thesepatients.
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