| 1. |
- Andriambololonera, Sylvie Renée, et al.
(författare)
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Mussaendeae-Sabiceeae clade (subfamily Ixoroideae)
- 2022
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Ingår i: The new Natural History of Madagascar. - USA : Princeton University Press. ; , s. 756-758
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Antonelli, Alexandre, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Madagascar's extraordinary biodiversity : Evolution, distribution, and use
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 378:6623, s. 962-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Madagascar's biota is hyperdiverse and includes exceptional levels of endemicity. We review the current state of knowledge on Madagascar's past and current terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by compiling and presenting comprehensive data on species diversity, endemism, and rates of species description and human uses, in addition to presenting an updated and simplified map of vegetation types. We report a substantial increase of records and species new to science in recent years; however, the diversity and evolution of many groups remain practically unknown (e.g., fungi and most invertebrates). Digitization efforts are increasing the resolution of species richness patterns and we highlight the crucial role of field- and collections-based research for advancing biodiversity knowledge and identifying gaps in our understanding, particularly as species richness corresponds closely to collection effort. Phylogenetic diversity patterns mirror that of species richness and endemism in most of the analyzed groups. We highlight humid forests as centers of diversity and endemism because of their role as refugia and centers of recent and rapid radiations. However, the distinct endemism of other areas, such as the grassland-woodland mosaic of the Central Highlands and the spiny forest of the southwest, is also biologically important despite lower species richness. The documented uses of Malagasy biodiversity are manifold, with much potential for the uncovering of new useful traits for food, medicine, and climate mitigation. The data presented here showcase Madagascar as a unique " living laboratory" for our understanding of evolution and the complex interactions between people and nature. The gathering and analysis of biodiversity data must continue and accelerate if we are to fully understand and safeguard this unique subset of Earth's biodiversity.
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| 3. |
- Atalahy, Anselme, et al.
(författare)
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Un nouveau nom dans la tribu des Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae) de Madagascar
- 2020
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Ingår i: Candollea. - 0373-2967 .- 2235-3658. ; 75:1, s. 71-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A variety of the Malagasy genus Canthium Lam. (Rubiaceae, Vanguerieae), Canthium perrieri var. louvelii Cavaco, is transferred to the genus Pyrostria Comm. ex Juss. because, like the typical variety already transferred in this genus, it shares its distinctive characters (inflorescences or solitary flowers involucrate). This taxon is further raised to species level, as it is morphologically distinct from Pyrostria perrieri (Cavaco) Razafim. et al. We provide the necessary new replacement name: Pyrostria orientalis A. Atalahy, Rakotanas. & Razafim., since the epithet louvelii is already occupied in Pyrostria.
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| 4. |
- Davis, Aaron, et al.
(författare)
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Nomenclatural changes in the genus Bremeria (Rubiaceae)
- 2011
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Ingår i: Blumea - Journal of plant taxonomy and plant geography. - 0006-5196 .- 2212-1676. ; 56:1, s. 4-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Five new combinations are made in the genus Bremeria: B. arachnocarpa, B. eriantha, B. scabrella, B. landia var. holosericea, and B. landia var. stadmanii. Bremeria gerrardii is conspecific with Gaertnera phanerophlebia, and thus excluded from Bremeria. Lectotypes are designated for Mussaenda erectiloba var. scabrella, M. stadmanii, and M. trichophlebia.
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| 5. |
- Phillipson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Leguminosae (Fabaceae), legumes
- 2022
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Ingår i: The New Natural History of Madagascar. - : Princeton University Press. - 9780691222622 - 9780691229409 ; , s. 598-617
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Leguminosae, or Fabaceae as it is alternatively known, is the world’s third largest flowering plant family: it includes close to 20,000 species spread across ~800 currently recognized genera (LPWG 2017; Angiosperm Phylogeny Website 2019; G. P. Lewis, unpublished data). The family is extremely diverse, ranging from small annual species to shrubs, lianas, and some of the largest trees on the planet, and its members occur in both humid and dry regions in both tropical and temperate parts of the world. The family is an important source of food plants, notably peas, beans, lentils, chickpeas, peanuts, and soya, as well...
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| 6. |
- Vorontsova, Maria S., et al.
(författare)
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Inequality in plant diversity knowledge and unrecorded plant extinctions : An example from the grasses of Madagascar
- 2021
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Ingår i: Plants, People, Planet. - : Wiley. - 2572-2611. ; 3:1, s. 45-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Societal impact statement Plants are essential for all life, providing the infrastructure and energy for our ecosystems. A recent report indicates that more than 500 plant species are already presumed extinct and many more could have been lost without anyone being aware, especially in species-rich areas with high levels of human impact, and where botanical knowledge is poor. Inequality in the availability and accessibility of biodiversity data, professional expertise, and funding interact to produce chronic differences in knowledge between countries. Here, we illustrate this using an example from Madagascar. Understanding these knowledge inequalities will strengthen our ability to improve the situation for people as well as for plants.Summary In order to understand geographic differences in our knowledge of plant extinction, species occurrence knowledge is compared for the grasses (Poaceae) of Madagascar and the British Isles. Poaceae are a useful model system for exploring extinction because they are globally diverse and present interesting characteristics compared with plants as a whole: grasses have a similar species description curve and percentage assessed as threatened, but they have broader and more continental distribution ranges.Historical and current factors affecting the documentation of the Malagasy and British floras are reviewed with regard to science funding, human capital, accessibility, and existing records. Knowledge of Poaceae is compared in the light of these constraints. Global patterns of grass diversity are examined and future extinction rates for Malagasy grasses are estimated.Multiple factors interact to shape a set of constraints on species distribution knowledge. The flora of Madagascar has been described largely by foreigners, science funding is external, and Malagasy botanists face difficult challenges. Spatial data for Madagascar are more limited and less even. We demonstrate that unrecorded extinctions are more likely among Malagasy than British and Irish grasses: they were described later, have smaller ranges, and are more threatened. It is possible that extinction rates of Malagasy grasses will increase tenfold in the next century.Differences in our knowledge of the Malagasy and British floras are long-standing, deep, and perpetuated by numerous modern-day factors. We urge researchers to understand and acknowledge these differences, and we provide recommendations for future work.
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